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Contraceptive pills
‘In science, as in – one might say grandiosely – life, female hormones are seen as a hindrance.’ Photograph: RGB Ventures/SuperStock/Alamy
‘In science, as in – one might say grandiosely – life, female hormones are seen as a hindrance.’ Photograph: RGB Ventures/SuperStock/Alamy

Women on the pill have more to worry about than fancying their partner

This article is more than 9 years old

The hormonal impacts of taking contraceptive medication for years on end are neither properly understood nor reported

A recent study is here to tell you that your birth control, as Elle magazine so eloquently put it, might be making your boyfriend ugly. More specifically, the science suggests that a woman taking the pill when she meets her boyfriend might find him less attractive when she stops taking it, especially if he wasn’t all that hot to begin with.

This is the latest in a long line of statistical speculations as to how oral contraceptives might skew male-female relations. Other studies have concluded that pill-taking women like less masculine men or that men are attracted to women who are ovulating.

Coming in on the wave of enthusiasm for Paleo-dieting, we now see increasing interest in Paleo-dating. The theory goes that biological compatibility as established via the connection of the biochemical signals we all emit creates a long-lasting, happy relationship.

When I came off the pill after a decade, at the end of two long years of terrifying side-effects, I was asked most often about the impact the decision had on my relationship. I did what research like this convinces us we should not do: I stopped taking the pill after my honeymoon and not because I wanted to get pregnant. Am I still with the same man? Yes, some five years later, I am. Is our relationship better now that I’m not subject to panic attacks, depression, fatigue and chronic health issues? Obviously.

Coming off the pill after years of use, and going through the subsequent withdrawal, can be difficult and requires support, especially from your partner. If you get that support from a boyfriend or husband who has seen the side effects, perhaps you’ll be more likely to stay together. Studies like this don’t delve into the social pressure put on women to stay on the pill until they want a baby, and the lack of wider support women get in making the transition to another contraceptive method, particularly if it’s a non-hormonal choice. Surely this impacts on what the researchers describe as overall “satisfaction” in a partnership and elsewhere.

Our hormones affect 150 of our essential bodily functions, and their fluctuations over time are inextricably linked to the biological systems that control our energy levels, memory, brain waves, vitamin retention, metabolism, the acuity of our senses and more. When we discuss biological compatibility, what we are really talking about is the connection between our hormones and our immune system, the source of the drive to date certain men over others. We’re also talking about how hormones help us navigate the exterior world, in part through our senses, and align our experiences with our internal world.

When we take the pill our sex hormones are suppressed and replaced with synthetic versions, released in a steady stream. Gone are the fluctuations we experience monthly. This means every system related to our hormones is disrupted – our metabolic and endocrine systems and our immune system. This is what leads to the insidious, slow-build side-effects that women can experience. That’s the science behind the headlines.

Our lack of awareness and knowledge of the importance of women’s hormone cycles is partly due to the acceptance of another kind of Paleo-centric thinking. The book Is Menstruation Obsolete?, written by Dr Elsimar Coutinho, an early developer of many hormonal birth control methods, argues that women’s hormones and their peaks and troughs are always “unnatural” and “dangerous” for our health, because cave women had fewer periods than we do today.

What might be the implications of 80% of American women taking a drug at one time or another, frequently from their teens through to menopause, that changes them on such a fundamental level? The impact on our biochemically driven dating choices is just the tip of the iceberg. Why is it that we hear most about the side effects of the pill that directly impact men? It could be because science lacks feminism. This kind of research relies on the fact that there is far more information available about male biology than female. In science, as in – one might say grandiosely – life, female hormones are seen as a hindrance.

That is why the jury is still out on whether the pill causes depression and anxiety, even though these issues are some of the top reasons women cite when quitting. It’s also why the pill’s widely known negative effect on libido tends to be laughed off, even though women have reported experiencing diminished sexual interest, lowered sexual arousal, less desire to initiate sex, increased pain during sex, and decreased sexual enjoyment including fewer and lower intensity orgasms. We rarely hear how the hormones that drive our libido also impact other drives like ambition, motivation, and creativity.

A lack of feminism more widely might explain why research that connects the pill to increased risk of breast cancer, cervical cancer and pulmonary embolism leading to stroke or even death is more likely to get swept aside as anomalous or negligible.

Recently, tens of thousands of civil cases against Bayer (the makers of the brands Yaz and Yasmin) were settled out of court, allowing the pharmaceutical company to avoid further scrutiny of the research and marketing practices of products said to have led to so many women experiencing pulmonary embolisms, strokes and heart attacks as a result of their drugs. The effects of a pill that was promoted aggressively to young women is worth discussing alongside worries about whether it might make your boyfriend ugly.

Whenever research is reported, women are reminded to accept their choice as simple: it’s the pill (and derivatives like a vaginal ring or an intrauterine device) or pregnancy.

An unwanted pregnancy would certainly change your relationship for the worse, is the parting message. But women have other, non-hormonal choices – take it from someone who, five years down the line, remains pregnancy-free. Women shouldn’t be expected, let alone encouraged, to sacrifice their health and wellbeing. How much must women change themselves to keep everything else the same?

More on this story

More on this story

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  • 'How Tinder took me from serial monogamy to casual sex'

  • Tinder: the shallowest dating app ever?

  • The pill affects women’s satisfaction with their relationships, research finds

  • Let it go? Not likely – there’s nothing wrong with holding a grudge

  • I’m stressed at home and work, and now I can’t maintain an erection

  • I love my boyfriend but we’re different religions. Will that matter when we wed?

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