... elephant with Mycobacterium caprae infection , Japan , 2016 , and 8 Mycobacterium caprae strains ( Allgäu and ... trunk wash samples were cul- ture negative , but M. caprae was isolated from a sputum sample collected from the chin ...
... elephants . An ex- ception is a study of conjunctival microflora in clini- cally normal elephants . Gram - positive bacteria ( mainly Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium spp . ) comprised the most frequent isolates . 42 Trunk Wash A ...
... elephant trunk wash samples . Research in Veterinary Science 112 : 52–58 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.12.008 . Ramirez , K. Animal Training : Successful Animal Management Through Positive Reinforcement , vol . 1999. Chicago ...
... elephants . This table's treatment schedules have been used in elephants and are adapted from those recommended for the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) in humans.38 Elephant should receive weekly trunk wash ( TW ) ...
... elephant . The tongue is swollen and the mucosa is discolored red to pur- ple ( cyanosis ) indicative of ... trunk wash secretions in the absence of disease . In African elephants , EEHVs have been detected in skin , lung ...
... elephant. In: Proceedings of the American Asso- ciation of Zoo Veterinarians, pp. 105–106. Harr, K., Isaza, R ... trunk wash technique for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in elephants. Verhandlungsberichte Erkrankungen der Zootiere ...
... trunk wash having a low yield are that TB organisms are shed intermittently (the reason for collecting three samples), and the trunk wash technique may not pro- duce a sample from the lower respiratory tract unless the elephant is well ...
... Elephant Conservation Fund in 2008 to continue the TB work . Efforts were directed toward constructing a ... trunk - wash samples collected in 2006 from elephants in Nepal were non- diagnostic due to contamination , storage ...
... elephant populations. Recently, a real-time quantitative PCR assay was developed that has been used to detect the presence of pathogenic EEHVs in trunk wash samples obtained from healthy Asian elephants.21 Within individual elephants ...
... trunk wash of an adult elephant without producing symptoms, or it can kill an elephant in the space of a day, suddenly emerging from an unknown site where it had lain dormant inside the elephant's body. “Seeing” the virus does not mean ...