WO2016060538A1 - Valve for compensating and regulating intraocular pressure - Google Patents

Valve for compensating and regulating intraocular pressure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016060538A1
WO2016060538A1 PCT/MX2014/000165 MX2014000165W WO2016060538A1 WO 2016060538 A1 WO2016060538 A1 WO 2016060538A1 MX 2014000165 W MX2014000165 W MX 2014000165W WO 2016060538 A1 WO2016060538 A1 WO 2016060538A1
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Prior art keywords
valve
rod
spring
contact
valve seat
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PCT/MX2014/000165
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Manuel Humberto Gallardo Inzunza
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Manuel Humberto Gallardo Inzunza
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Publication of WO2016060538A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016060538A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
    • A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to devices for use in the treatment of glaucoma, and specifically to a device for reducing intraocular pressure.
  • Glaucoma is an eye disease that is characterized as a neuropathy in which various mechanisms causing deterioration or death of ganglion cells, one of the important factors and so far controllable factor is that of intraocular pressure, for this reason the intention is to keep it at a normal level.
  • One of the theories of damage to cells is that caused by elevated intraocular pressure that, through mechanical theory, causes compression of nerve fibers and consequently damages the optic nerve, which can undoubtedly lead to irreversible damage. to the ganglion cells, nerve fibers and optic nerve atrophy and as a consequence damage and reduction to the visual field until it can be completely lost.
  • aqueous humor which is mostly produced in the cilar processes behind the iris. This fluid leaves (is dislodged) from the eye through channels in the front of the eye, in a area called the angle of the anterior chamber or simply the angle.
  • a normal eye has generally been considered an intraocular pressure (10-20 mm Hg) as normally appropriate, through circulation within the eye of aqueous humor, which is secreted from the ciliary body, passes through the pupil to the anterior chamber of the eyeball, and seeps out of the eyeball through the trabeculum and the Schlemm Canal.
  • the excretory path of aqueous humor is blocked, the aqueous humor cannot leave the eyeball at an adequate speed, the intraocular pressure rises, the eyeball hardens, and direct damage occurs to subsequently develop atrophy of the optic nerve which It's called glaucoma.
  • a characteristic optic neuropathy develops, resulting in progressive death of retinal ganglion cells, restriction of the visual field, and finally blindness occurs.
  • the advanced stages of the disease are also characterized by significant pain.
  • Glaucoma treatment if started early in the course of the disease, can prevent further deterioration and preserve most of the ocular functions.
  • the goal of glaucoma treatment is to reduce intraocular pressure to a level that is considered safe for particular vision, but is not so low as to cause ocular malfunction or retinal complications.
  • Typical ophthalmic implants have a valve mechanism to regulate the flow of aqueous humor from the anterior chamber; Defects in and / or failure of such valve mechanisms can lead to excessive loss of aqueous humor from the eyeball and possible hypotonia. Implants also tend to become clogged over time, either from the inside by the tissue, such as the iris, being aspirated at the entrance, or from the outside by the proliferation of cells, for example, by scar formation. In addition, the typical operation of implant insertion is complicated, of a high traumatic level, expensive and time consuming.
  • US Patent 3,788,327 shows a state-of-the-art implant that uses a valve mechanism to regulate the flow of aqueous humor from the eyeball to its exterior.
  • the main deficiency and disadvantage of this device is the existence of a hole or cavity, between the upper part of its liquid-releasing mechanism and the exit hole that is located outside the eye that is in direct contact with the environment and the eyelids; since said cavity is highly prone to the sedimentation of organic and inorganic matter that will restrict or prevent the free movement of the mechanism of release and / or generate an obstruction (plugging) in the exit duct of aqueous humor, which will result in deficiency in its functioning and ability to drain aqueous humor and causing increased pressure Ntraocular.
  • this device and drainage capacity is insecure since it is conditioned on the freedom of movement in its releasing mechanism, the free conduction of the fluid and the absence of obstacles in the duct that dislodges the aqueous humor towards the outside of the eye and It does not have any mechanism or measures that prevent the formation of these restrictions and / or obstructions.
  • This device has a high risk of endophthalmitis, since the blockage of the duct that exists in the upper part of the releasing mechanism will cause a stagnation of the aqueous humor inside and therefore the bacteria will find here a favorable niche for their rapid development and Your entry into the eye.
  • the device of the invention is not subject to the absorption capacity of any tissue and performs an eviction of aqueous humor without obstructions between its mechanism and the outside, and, that its implant process is as traumatic as possible, if allowed with only ambulatory surgery, that is why the device or valve of the invention is supported in its simplicity of design and components;
  • the valve comprises an inner part or chassis and a rod that is displaced outwardly on the corneal surface (on the epithelium), the valve stem is subject to a tension caused by a compression spring or repulsion between two permanent magnets, this spring or the magnetic repulsion is calibrated to a given tension (10-20 mm Hg), and when the eyeball reaches a tension value greater than that of the spring or repulsion, it achieves the displacement of the rod outside the cornea, to Thus, in this way, the aqueous humor causing high infraocular pressure is drained out of the eye. Once the pressure is regulated, the stem returns to its initial position by tightly closing the valve and thus preventing any
  • the present invention provides an infraocular pressure compensating and regulating valve installed in a cornea of an eye, comprising: a valve body having a valve seat at one end; a mobile element that is in contact with the valve seat under normal conditions of infraocular pressure in the eye, the mobile element is configured so that it can be separated from the valve seat when the infraocular pressure exceeds an infraocular pressure limit; and an element to keep the mobile element in contact with the valve seat.
  • the valve body has an outer part with fasteners to retain the valve to the cornea, and the infraocular pressure limit is 10 to 20 mm Hg.
  • the element for keeping the mobile element in contact with the valve seat is a spring placed in an inner part of the valve body, and the mobile element is a rod comprising a tubular body with an internal channel therein.
  • the stem has perforations in its upper part to allow the exit of aqueous humor to the outside of the valve.
  • the element for keeping the moving element in contact with the valve seat is constituted by two permanent magnets with the same polarity placed in an inner part of the valve body and the mobile element is a rod that comprises a tubular body with an internal channel in it, the rod has perforations in its upper part to allow humor to escape aqueous outside the valve.
  • the mobile element is a rod comprising a tubular body with an internal channel therein and the element for keeping the mobile element in contact with the valve seat is constituted by two springs placed in contact with one end of the body Valve opposite the end where the valve seat is and a ring located on the stem, the stem has perforations in its upper part to allow the aqueous humor to flow out of the valve.
  • the element for keeping the mobile element in contact with the valve seat is a spring having a first and a second end, the spring is placed in an inner part of the valve body, and the mobile element is a head which has at its bottom a ring to hold a first end of the spring; The second end of the spring is fixed to a fastener located in the inner part of the valve body.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of an eye showing the location of the valve of the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a side view of the valve of the invention in a first embodiment
  • Figure 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the first embodiment of the valve of the invention
  • Figure 4 shows a side view of the valve of the invention in a second embodiment
  • Figure 5 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the second embodiment of the valve of the invention
  • Figure 6 shows a side view of the valve of the invention in a third embodiment
  • Figure 7 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the third embodiment of the valve of the invention.
  • Figure 8 shows a side view of the valve of the invention in a fourth embodiment
  • Figure 9 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the valve of the invention.
  • an eye 10 is shown indicating the eyeball 1 1, the optic nerve 12 and the cornea 13 in which the intraocular pressure compensating and regulating valve 14 is implanted.
  • Said valve 14 allows the release of aqueous humor outward of the eye, when a threshold pressure is exceeded at which the valve 14.
  • a first embodiment of the intraocular pressure compensating and regulating valve 100 is illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, and comprises a valve body or armature 1 10, a rod 120 and a spring 130.
  • the valve body 1 10 has a body hollow tubular 1 1 1 and a flange 1 12 at one end of the tubular body 1 1 1.
  • the rod 120 comprises a tubular body 121 with an internal channel 122 which has at one of its ends, a conical part 123 that rests in a seat 1 13 also conical in the part where the flange 1 12 is located in the valve body 1 10.
  • the tubular body 121 of the rod 120 below the conical part 123, has radial perforations 124 in communication with the internal channel 122 of the tubular body 1 1 1 of the rod 120.
  • the valve body 1 10 includes a spring 130 in the inner part of the hollow tubular body 1 1 1, to hold the stem 120 pressed so that the conical part 123 is seated in the seat 1 13 of the valve body 1 10.
  • the hollow tubular body 1 1 1 includes fasteners 1 14 for retaining or securing the valve 100 to the cornea.
  • the spring 130 is snapped to the rod 120 and the other end of the spring is not snapped to the rod but there is a gap with the rod 120 between 5 to 10 microns so that the rod 120 can move out of the valve body 1 10.
  • the valve 100 Under normal conditions of intraocular pressure (10-20 mm Hg), the valve 100 remains closed and there is no outward flow of aqueous humor. However, when the intraocular pressure exceeds the limit at which the spring 130 is calibrated, the stem 120 is displaced overcoming the force of the spring 130 and with it the conical part 123 of the stem 120 is separated from the seat 1 13 of the valve body 1 10 allowing the aqueous humor to flow through the internal channel 122 and the radial perforations 124 of the stem 120 achieving the exit of humor accuse the outside. Once the pressure is regulated, the stem 120 returns to its initial position by tightly closing the valve 1 00 and thus preventing any foreign objects from entering the eye (dust, microorganisms, etc.).
  • the intraocular pressure compensating and regulating valve 200 comprises a valve body 210 or armature, a stem 220 and two circular magnets (230 and 231).
  • the valve body 210 has a hollow tubular body 21 1 and a flange 212 at one end of the tubular body 21 1.
  • the rod 220 comprises a tubular body 221 with an internal channel 222 having at one of its ends, a conical part 223 that rests in a seat also conical 213 in the part where the flange 212 is located in the valve body 210.
  • the tubular body of the rod 220, below the conical part 223, has radial perforations 224 in communication with the internal channel 222 of the tubular body 221 of the rod 220.
  • the valve body 210 includes a first circular permanent magnet 230 placed the inner part of the hollow tubular body 21 1 at the end where the flange 212 of the valve body 210 is located.
  • a second circular permanent magnet 231 is placed on the stem 220 a level of the other end of the valve body 210 so that the magnets (230 and 231) are separated a distance.
  • the polarity of the first and second magnets is the same to obtain a repulsive force between them, and thus keep the conical part 223 seated in the seat 213 of the valve body 210.
  • the hollow tubular body 21 1 includes fasteners 214 for retain or hold valve 200 to the cornea.
  • the second magnet 231 is snapped to the rod 220 and the first magnet 230 is not snapped to the rod but there is a gap with the rod 220 between 5 to 10 microns so that the rod 220 can move out of the body of valve 210.
  • the rod 220 When the intraocular pressure exceeds the limit (10-20 mm Hg) at which the repulsive force is calibrated, the rod 220 is displaced by overcoming the force of the repulsion and with it the conical part 223 of the rod 220 is separated from the seat 213 of the body of valve 210 allowing the aqueous humor to flow through the internal channel 222 and the radial perforations 224 of the stem 220 achieving the exit of the accusing humor to the outside. Once the pressure is regulated, the stem 220 returns to its initial position by tightly closing the valve 200 and thus preventing any foreign objects from entering the eye (dust, microorganisms, etc.).
  • a third embodiment of the intraocular pressure compensating and regulating valve 300 is illustrated in Figures 6 and 7, and comprises a valve body 310, a rod 320 and elastic lamellae or springs 330 and 331.
  • the valve body 310 has a hollow tubular body 31 1 and a flange 312 at one end of the tubular body 31 1.
  • the rod 320 comprises a tubular body 321 with a channel internal 322 having at one of its ends, a conical part 323 resting in a seat 313 also conical in the part where the flange 312 is located in the valve body 310.
  • the tubular body 321 of the stem 320, below the conical part 323, has radial perforations 324 in communication with the internal channel 322 of the tubular body 321 of the rod 320.
  • the hollow tubular body 31 1 includes fasteners 314 for retaining or securing the valve 300 to the cornea. Between the hollow tubular body 31 1 of the valve body 310 and the stem 320, there is a separation between 0.5 to 3 microns so that the rod 320 can move out of the valve body 310.
  • valve 300 Under normal conditions of intraocular pressure (10-20 mm Hg), valve 300 remains closed and there is no outward flow of aqueous humor. However, when the intraocular pressure exceeds the limit at which the spring 330 is calibrated, the stem 320 is displaced by overcoming the force of the spring 330 and with it the conical part 323 of the stem 320 is separated from the seat 313 of the valve body 310 allowing the aqueous humor flows through the internal channel 322 and the radial perforations 324 of the rod 320 achieving the exit of the accusing humor abroad. Once the pressure is regulated, the rod 320 returns to its initial position by tightly closing the valve 300 and avoiding thus any entry of foreign objects to the eye (dust, microorganisms, etc.).
  • the intraocular pressure compensating and regulating valve 400 comprises a main body 410, a head 420, a spring 430.
  • the main body 410 is tubular with an internal channel 41 1 and a spring clamp element 412 and a flange 413.
  • the main body 410 includes a clamp element 414 for retaining or securing the valve 400 to the cornea.
  • the head 420 comprises a conical part 421 that rests in a seat also conical at one end of the main body 410.
  • a rear part of the head 420 includes a ring 423 in which a first end 431 of the spring 430 is secured, and a second end 432 of the spring 430 is attached to the fastener element 412.
  • the spring is the internal channel 41 1 of the main body 410.
  • the valve 400 Under normal conditions of intraocular pressure (10-20 mm Hg), the valve 400 remains closed and there is no outward flow of aqueous humor. However, when the intraocular pressure exceeds the limit at which the spring 430 is calibrated, the head 420 is displaced by overcoming the force of the spring 430 and thereby forming a separation between the head 420 and the seat 415 of the main body 410 allowing humor Aqueous flow through the internal channel 41 1 and the separation formed achieving the exit of the accusing humor abroad. Once the pressure is regulated, the head returns to its initial position by tightly closing the valve and thus preventing any entry of objects. strangers to the eye (dust, microorganisms, etc.).

Abstract

The invention relates to a valve for compensating and regulating intraocular pressure, said valve being fitted to the cornea of the eye, and comprising: a valve body that has a valve seat on one end; a mobile element that is in contact with the valve seat under normal intraocular pressure conditions in the eye, said mobile element being designed such that it can separate from the valve seat when the intraocular pressure exceeds an intraocular pressure limit in order to allow the flow of aqueous humour outside the valve; and an element for keeping the mobile element in contact with the valve seat.

Description

VÁLVULA COMPENSADORA Y REGULADORA DE PRESIÓN  PRESSURE COMPENSATOR AND PRESSURE REGULATOR VALVE
INTRAOCULAR INTRAOCULAR
CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓN FIELD OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención se refiere a dispositivos para usarse en tratamiento de glaucoma, y específicamente a un dispositivo para reducir la presión intraocular.  The present invention relates to devices for use in the treatment of glaucoma, and specifically to a device for reducing intraocular pressure.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCION BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
El glaucoma es una enfermedad ocular que se caracteriza por ser una neuropatía en la cual intervienen diversos mecanismos causantes de deterioro o muerte de células ganglionares, uno de los factores importantes y hasta ahora factor controlable es el de la presión intraocular, por tal motivo la intención es mantenerla a un nivel normal. Una de las teorías de daño hacia las células es el causado por la Presión intraocular elevada que por medio de la teoría mecánica causa compresión de las fibras nerviosas y como consecuencia daño del nervio óptico, lo cual puede conducir sin duda poco a poco a daño irreversible a las células ganglionares, fibras nerviosas y atrofia del nervio óptico y como consecuencia daño y reducción al campo visual hasta poder llegar a perderlo por completo.  Glaucoma is an eye disease that is characterized as a neuropathy in which various mechanisms causing deterioration or death of ganglion cells, one of the important factors and so far controllable factor is that of intraocular pressure, for this reason the intention is to keep it at a normal level. One of the theories of damage to cells is that caused by elevated intraocular pressure that, through mechanical theory, causes compression of nerve fibers and consequently damages the optic nerve, which can undoubtedly lead to irreversible damage. to the ganglion cells, nerve fibers and optic nerve atrophy and as a consequence damage and reduction to the visual field until it can be completely lost.
La parte frontal del ojo está llena de un líquido claro llamado humor acuoso, el cual es producido en su gran mayoría en los procesos cilares que se encuentran por detrás del iris. Este líquido sale (es desalojado) del ojo a través de canales en la parte frontal de éste, en un área llamada el ángulo de la cámara anterior o simplemente el ángulo.The front part of the eye is filled with a clear liquid called aqueous humor, which is mostly produced in the cilar processes behind the iris. This fluid leaves (is dislodged) from the eye through channels in the front of the eye, in a area called the angle of the anterior chamber or simply the angle.
Un ojo normal se ha considerado en general una presión intraocular (10-20 mm Hg) como la normalmente apropiada, mediante la circulación dentro del ojo de humor acuoso, el cual se secreta desde el cuerpo ciliar, pasa a través de la pupila hacia la cámara anterior del globo ocular, y se filtra fuera del globo ocular a través del trabéculum y el Canal de Schlemm. Cuando la vía excretora de humor acuoso se bloquea, el humor acuoso no puede salir del globo ocular a una velocidad adecuada, la presión intraocular se eleva, el globo ocular se endurece, y se produce daño directo para posteriormente desarrollar atrofia el nervio óptico lo cual es llamado Glaucoma. Una neuropatía óptica característica se desarrolla, lo que resulta en la muerte progresiva de las células ganglionares de la retina, la restricción del campo visual, y finalmente se produce la ceguera. Las etapas avanzadas de la enfermedad se caracterizan también por un dolor significativo. A normal eye has generally been considered an intraocular pressure (10-20 mm Hg) as normally appropriate, through circulation within the eye of aqueous humor, which is secreted from the ciliary body, passes through the pupil to the anterior chamber of the eyeball, and seeps out of the eyeball through the trabeculum and the Schlemm Canal. When the excretory path of aqueous humor is blocked, the aqueous humor cannot leave the eyeball at an adequate speed, the intraocular pressure rises, the eyeball hardens, and direct damage occurs to subsequently develop atrophy of the optic nerve which It's called glaucoma. A characteristic optic neuropathy develops, resulting in progressive death of retinal ganglion cells, restriction of the visual field, and finally blindness occurs. The advanced stages of the disease are also characterized by significant pain.
El tratamiento del glaucoma, si se inicia pronto en el curso de la enfermedad, puede evitar el deterioro adicional y conservar la mayor parte de las funciones oculares. El objetivo del tratamiento del glaucoma es reducir la presión intraocular hasta un nivel que se considera seguro para la vista en particular, pero que no es tan baja como para causar un mal funcionamiento ocular o complicaciones retinianas.  Glaucoma treatment, if started early in the course of the disease, can prevent further deterioration and preserve most of the ocular functions. The goal of glaucoma treatment is to reduce intraocular pressure to a level that is considered safe for particular vision, but is not so low as to cause ocular malfunction or retinal complications.
Existen diversas y variadas técnicas para tratar la alta presión intraocular que "desvían" el humor acuoso a los tejidos adyacentes contenidos en el globo ocular, todos éstos debajo de la esclera o conjuntiva, ésta técnica está sujeta a la capacidad de absorción de cada uno de los tejidos en los que se canaliza el líquido causante de la elevada presión intraocular. There are various and varied techniques to treat high intraocular pressure that "divert" the aqueous humor to the adjacent tissues contained in the eyeball, all of them below the sclera or conjunctiva, this technique is subject to the absorption capacity of each of the tissues in which the fluid causing the high intraocular pressure is channeled.
Los implantes oftálmicos típicos tienen un mecanismo de válvula para regular el flujo de humor acuoso desde la cámara anterior; defectos en y/o fallo de tales mecanismos de la válvula pueden conducir a una pérdida excesiva de humor acuoso desde el globo ocular y posible hipotonía. Los implantes también tienden a obstruirse con el paso del tiempo, ya sea desde el interior por el tejido, tales como el iris, siendo aspirado en la entrada, o desde el exterior por la proliferación de células, por ejemplo, por formación de cicatrices. Además, la operación típica de la inserción del implante es complicado, de alto nivel traumático, costoso y lleva mucho tiempo.  Typical ophthalmic implants have a valve mechanism to regulate the flow of aqueous humor from the anterior chamber; Defects in and / or failure of such valve mechanisms can lead to excessive loss of aqueous humor from the eyeball and possible hypotonia. Implants also tend to become clogged over time, either from the inside by the tissue, such as the iris, being aspirated at the entrance, or from the outside by the proliferation of cells, for example, by scar formation. In addition, the typical operation of implant insertion is complicated, of a high traumatic level, expensive and time consuming.
La patente US 3,788,327 muestra un implante del estado de la técnica que utiliza un mecanismo de válvula para regular el flujo de humor acuoso desde el globo ocular hacia su exterior.  US Patent 3,788,327 shows a state-of-the-art implant that uses a valve mechanism to regulate the flow of aqueous humor from the eyeball to its exterior.
La deficiencia y desventaja principal de éste dispositivo, es la existencia de un hueco o cavidad, entre la parte superior de su mecanismo liberador de líquido y el orificio de salida que se sitúa en el exterior del ojo que está en contacto directo con el medio ambiente y los párpados; ya que dicha cavidad es altamente proclive a la sedimentación de materia orgánica e inorgánica que restringirá o impedirá el libre movimiento del mecanismo de liberación y/o generará una obstrucción (taponamiento) en el conducto de salida del humor acuoso, lo que traerá como consecuencia deficiencia en su funcionamiento y capacidad de drenado del humor acuoso y ocasionando el incremento de la presión ¡ntraocular. The main deficiency and disadvantage of this device is the existence of a hole or cavity, between the upper part of its liquid-releasing mechanism and the exit hole that is located outside the eye that is in direct contact with the environment and the eyelids; since said cavity is highly prone to the sedimentation of organic and inorganic matter that will restrict or prevent the free movement of the mechanism of release and / or generate an obstruction (plugging) in the exit duct of aqueous humor, which will result in deficiency in its functioning and ability to drain aqueous humor and causing increased pressure Ntraocular.
El funcionamiento de éste dispositivo y capacidad de drenado es inseguro ya que está condicionado a la libertad de movimiento en su mecanismo liberador, a la libre conducción del fluido y a la inexistencia de obstáculos en el conducto que desaloja el humor acuoso hacia el exterior del ojo y no cuenta con ningún mecanismo ni con medidas que impidan la formación de éstas restricciones y/u obstrucciones.  The operation of this device and drainage capacity is insecure since it is conditioned on the freedom of movement in its releasing mechanism, the free conduction of the fluid and the absence of obstacles in the duct that dislodges the aqueous humor towards the outside of the eye and It does not have any mechanism or measures that prevent the formation of these restrictions and / or obstructions.
Otra desventaja o deficiencia de éste dispositivo resulta en su alta factibilidad del establecimiento de colonias bacterianas en la cavidad existente entre la parte superior de su mecanismo liberador de líquido y el orificio de salida que se sitúa en el exterior del ojo, ya que éste conducto no cuenta con ningún mecanismo ni medida para impedir la formación y acumulación de bacterias así como también de las secreciones propias del ojo.  Another disadvantage or deficiency of this device results in its high feasibility of the establishment of bacterial colonies in the cavity between the upper part of its liquid-releasing mechanism and the exit orifice that is located outside the eye, since this conduit does not It has no mechanism or measure to prevent the formation and accumulation of bacteria as well as the secretions of the eye.
Éste dispositivo tiene un alto riesgo de endoftalmitis, ya que al ocurrir el taponamiento del conducto que existe en la parte superior del mecanismo liberador provocará un estancamiento del humor acuoso en su interior y por ende las bacterias encontrarán aquí un nicho propicio para su rápido desarrollo y su ingreso al interior del ojo.  This device has a high risk of endophthalmitis, since the blockage of the duct that exists in the upper part of the releasing mechanism will cause a stagnation of the aqueous humor inside and therefore the bacteria will find here a favorable niche for their rapid development and Your entry into the eye.
Como se indicó anteriormente, los defectos en y/o fracaso en el mecanismo y drenado de la válvula podría conducir al incremento de la presión infraocular.  As indicated above, defects in and / or failure in the mechanism and drain of the valve could lead to increased infraocular pressure.
El dispositivo de la invención no supeditado a la capacidad de absorción de ningún tejido y realice un desalojo del humor acuoso sin obstrucciones entre su mecanismo y el exterior, y, que su proceso de implante sea lo menos traumático posible, de ser permitido con solo cirugía ambulatoria, es por eso que el dispositivo o válvula de la invención está soportado en su simplicidad de diseño y componentes; la válvula comprende una parte interior o chasis y un vástago que es desplazado hacia afuera en la superficie corneal (sobre el epitelio), el vástago de la válvula está sujeto a una tensión causada por un resorte de compresión o la repulsión entre dos imanes permanentes, éste resorte o la repulsión magnética están calibrados a una tensión dada (10-20 mm Hg), y cuando el globo ocular alcanza un valor de tensión mayor al del resorte o de la repulsión , logra el desplazamiento del vástago fuera de la córnea, para así de ésta manera drenar fuera del ojo el humor acuoso causante de la elevada presión infraocular. Una vez que la presión se regula, el vástago vuelve a su posición inicial cerrando herméticamente la válvula y evitando así cualquier entrada de objetos extraños al ojo (polvo, microorganismos, etc.). The device of the invention is not subject to the absorption capacity of any tissue and performs an eviction of aqueous humor without obstructions between its mechanism and the outside, and, that its implant process is as traumatic as possible, if allowed with only ambulatory surgery, that is why the device or valve of the invention is supported in its simplicity of design and components; the valve comprises an inner part or chassis and a rod that is displaced outwardly on the corneal surface (on the epithelium), the valve stem is subject to a tension caused by a compression spring or repulsion between two permanent magnets, this spring or the magnetic repulsion is calibrated to a given tension (10-20 mm Hg), and when the eyeball reaches a tension value greater than that of the spring or repulsion, it achieves the displacement of the rod outside the cornea, to Thus, in this way, the aqueous humor causing high infraocular pressure is drained out of the eye. Once the pressure is regulated, the stem returns to its initial position by tightly closing the valve and thus preventing any foreign objects from entering the eye (dust, microorganisms, etc.).
Existen ventajas muy claras y precisas entre el dispositivo de la invención y los dispositivos del estadio de la técnica:  There are very clear and precise advantages between the device of the invention and the devices of the state of the art:
- La regulación de la presión siempre es constante y el flujo del humor acuoso está libre de obstáculos.  - Pressure regulation is always constant and the flow of aqueous humor is free of obstacles.
- Su superficie superior exterior lisa permitirá una limpieza y lubricación constante mediante el movimiento natural de los párpados que impedirá la formación de sedimentos y acumulación de bacterias.  - Its smooth outer upper surface will allow a constant cleaning and lubrication through the natural movement of the eyelids that will prevent the formation of sediments and accumulation of bacteria.
- Inexistencia de cavidades interiores y exteriores que impedirán la formación de sedimentos y acumulación de bacterias. - El mecanismo de drenado siempre es libre y carece de restricciones en su movimiento por lo que funcionamiento no tiene condiciones. - Absence of interior and exterior cavities that will prevent the formation of sediments and accumulation of bacteria. - The drainage mechanism is always free and lacks restrictions on its movement, so operation does not have conditions.
-Éste tipo de configuración permite lograr un flujo laminar del humor acuoso a través de las paredes del dispositivo para lograr un efecto de barrido y así evitar la adherencia de cepas bacterianas.  -This type of configuration allows to achieve a laminar flow of aqueous humor through the walls of the device to achieve a sweeping effect and thus avoid the adherence of bacterial strains.
La presente invención proporciona una válvula compensadora y reguladora de presión infraocular instalada en una cornea de un ojo, que comprende: un cuerpo de válvula que tiene un asiento de válvula en un extremo; un elemento móvil que está en contacto con el asiento de válvula en condiciones normales de presión infraocular en el ojo, el elemento móvil está configurado de tal manera que pueda separarse del asiento de válvula cuando la presión infraocular exceda un límite de presión infraocular; y un elemento para mantener el elemento móvil en contacto con el asiento de válvula. El cuerpo de válvula tiene una parte exterior con elementos de sujeción para retener la válvula a la córnea, y el límite de presión infraocular es de 10 a 20 mm Hg.  The present invention provides an infraocular pressure compensating and regulating valve installed in a cornea of an eye, comprising: a valve body having a valve seat at one end; a mobile element that is in contact with the valve seat under normal conditions of infraocular pressure in the eye, the mobile element is configured so that it can be separated from the valve seat when the infraocular pressure exceeds an infraocular pressure limit; and an element to keep the mobile element in contact with the valve seat. The valve body has an outer part with fasteners to retain the valve to the cornea, and the infraocular pressure limit is 10 to 20 mm Hg.
En una primera modalidad el elemento para mantener el elemento móvil en contacto con el asiento de válvula es un resorte colocado en una parte interior del cuerpo de válvula, y el elemento móvil es un vástago que comprende un cuerpo tubular con un canal interno en el mismo, el vástago tiene en su parte superior perforaciones para permitir la salida de humor acuoso al exterior de la válvula.  In a first embodiment the element for keeping the mobile element in contact with the valve seat is a spring placed in an inner part of the valve body, and the mobile element is a rod comprising a tubular body with an internal channel therein. , the stem has perforations in its upper part to allow the exit of aqueous humor to the outside of the valve.
En una segunda modalidad el elemento para mantener el elemento móvil en contacto con el asiento de válvula está constituido por dos imanes permanentes con la misma polaridad colocados en una parte interior del cuerpo de válvula y el elemento móvil es un vástago que comprende un cuerpo tubular con un canal interno en el mismo, el vástago tiene en su parte superior perforaciones para permitir la salida de humor acuoso al exterior de la válvula. In a second embodiment the element for keeping the moving element in contact with the valve seat is constituted by two permanent magnets with the same polarity placed in an inner part of the valve body and the mobile element is a rod that comprises a tubular body with an internal channel in it, the rod has perforations in its upper part to allow humor to escape aqueous outside the valve.
En una tercera modalidad el elemento móvil es un vástago que comprende un cuerpo tubular con un canal interno en el mismo y el elemento para mantener el elemento móvil en contacto con el asiento de válvula está constituido por dos muelles colocados en contacto con un extremo del cuerpo de válvula opuesto al extremo donde está el asiento de válvula y un anillo ubicado en el vástago, el vástago tiene en su parte superior perforaciones para permitir la salida de humor acuoso al exterior de la válvula.  In a third embodiment the mobile element is a rod comprising a tubular body with an internal channel therein and the element for keeping the mobile element in contact with the valve seat is constituted by two springs placed in contact with one end of the body Valve opposite the end where the valve seat is and a ring located on the stem, the stem has perforations in its upper part to allow the aqueous humor to flow out of the valve.
En una cuarta modalidad el elemento para mantener el elemento móvil en contacto con el asiento de válvula es un resorte que tiene un primer y un segundo extremos, el resorte está colocado en una parte interior del cuerpo de válvula, y el elemento móvil es un cabezal que tiene en su parte inferior un aro para sujetar un primer extremo del resorte; el segundo extremo del resorte está fijado a un elemento sujetador ubicado en la parte interna del cuerpo de válvula.  In a fourth embodiment the element for keeping the mobile element in contact with the valve seat is a spring having a first and a second end, the spring is placed in an inner part of the valve body, and the mobile element is a head which has at its bottom a ring to hold a first end of the spring; The second end of the spring is fixed to a fastener located in the inner part of the valve body.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Para dar una mejor comprensión de la invención, a continuación se proporciona una descripción de la misma, junto con los dibujos que se acompañan, en los cuales: La figura 1 es una vista en corte de un ojo donde se muestra la ubicación de la válvula de la invención; To give a better understanding of the invention, a description of it is provided below, together with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a sectional view of an eye showing the location of the valve of the invention;
La figura 2 muestra una vista lateral de la válvula de la invención en una primera modalidad;  Figure 2 shows a side view of the valve of the invention in a first embodiment;
La figura 3 muestra una vista en corte longitudinal de la primera modalidad de la válvula de la invención;  Figure 3 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the first embodiment of the valve of the invention;
La figura 4 muestra una vista lateral de la válvula de la invención en una segunda modalidad;  Figure 4 shows a side view of the valve of the invention in a second embodiment;
La figura 5 muestra una vista en corte longitudinal de la segunda modalidad de la válvula de la invención;  Figure 5 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the second embodiment of the valve of the invention;
La figura 6 muestra una vista lateral de la válvula de la invención en una tercera modalidad;  Figure 6 shows a side view of the valve of the invention in a third embodiment;
La figura 7 muestra una vista en corte longitudinal de la tercera modalidad de la válvula de la invención;  Figure 7 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the third embodiment of the valve of the invention;
La figura 8 muestra una vista lateral de la válvula de la invención en una cuarta modalidad; y  Figure 8 shows a side view of the valve of the invention in a fourth embodiment; Y
La figura 9 muestra una vista en corte longitudinal de la cuarta modalidad de la válvula de la invención. DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓN  Figure 9 shows a longitudinal sectional view of the fourth embodiment of the valve of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Con referencia a la figura 1 , se muestra un ojo 10 que indica el globo ocular 1 1 , el nervio óptico 12 y la córnea 13 en la cual se implanta la válvula compensadora y reguladora de presión intraocular 14. Dicha válvula 14 permite la liberación de humor acuoso hacia el exterior del ojo, cuando se excede una presión umbral a la cual esta calibrada la válvula 14. With reference to figure 1, an eye 10 is shown indicating the eyeball 1 1, the optic nerve 12 and the cornea 13 in which the intraocular pressure compensating and regulating valve 14 is implanted. Said valve 14 allows the release of aqueous humor outward of the eye, when a threshold pressure is exceeded at which the valve 14.
Una primera modalidad de la válvula compensadora y reguladora de presión intraocular 100 esta ilustrada en las figuras 2 y 3, y comprende un cuerpo de válvula o armadura 1 10, un vástago 120 y un resorte 130. El cuerpo de válvula 1 10 tiene un cuerpo tubular hueco 1 1 1 y un reborde 1 12 en un extremo del cuerpo tubular 1 1 1 . El vástago 120 comprende un cuerpo tubular 121 con un canal interno 122 que tiene en uno de sus extremos, una parte cónica 123 que descansa en un asiento 1 13 también cónico en la parte donde se encuentra el reborde 1 12 en el cuerpo de válvula 1 10. El cuerpo tubular 121 del vástago 120, por debajo de la parte cónica 123, tiene perforaciones radiales 124 en comunicación con el canal interno 122 del cuerpo tubular 1 1 1 del vástago 120.  A first embodiment of the intraocular pressure compensating and regulating valve 100 is illustrated in Figures 2 and 3, and comprises a valve body or armature 1 10, a rod 120 and a spring 130. The valve body 1 10 has a body hollow tubular 1 1 1 and a flange 1 12 at one end of the tubular body 1 1 1. The rod 120 comprises a tubular body 121 with an internal channel 122 which has at one of its ends, a conical part 123 that rests in a seat 1 13 also conical in the part where the flange 1 12 is located in the valve body 1 10. The tubular body 121 of the rod 120, below the conical part 123, has radial perforations 124 in communication with the internal channel 122 of the tubular body 1 1 1 of the rod 120.
El cuerpo de válvula 1 10 incluye un resorte 130 en la parte interna del cuerpo tubular hueco 1 1 1 , para mantener presionado el vástago 120 de modo que la parte cónica 123 está asentada en el asiento 1 13 del cuerpo de válvula 1 10. El cuerpo tubular hueco 1 1 1 incluye elementos de sujeción 1 14 para retener o sujetar la válvula 100 a la córnea. El resorte 130 está ajustado a presión al vástago 120 y el otro de sus extremos del resorte no está ajustado a presión al vástago sino que existe una separación con el vástago 120 de entre 5 a 10 mieras de modo que el vástago 120 pueda desplazarse fuera del cuerpo de válvula 1 10.  The valve body 1 10 includes a spring 130 in the inner part of the hollow tubular body 1 1 1, to hold the stem 120 pressed so that the conical part 123 is seated in the seat 1 13 of the valve body 1 10. The hollow tubular body 1 1 1 includes fasteners 1 14 for retaining or securing the valve 100 to the cornea. The spring 130 is snapped to the rod 120 and the other end of the spring is not snapped to the rod but there is a gap with the rod 120 between 5 to 10 microns so that the rod 120 can move out of the valve body 1 10.
En condiciones normales de presión intraocular (10-20 mm Hg), la válvula 100 permanece cerrada y no existe flujo de humor acuoso hacia el exterior. Sin embargo cuando la presión intraocular excede el limite al cual se calibra el resorte 130, el vástago 120 es desplazado venciendo la fuerza del resorte 130 y con ello la parte cónica 123 del vástago 120 se separa del asiento 1 13 del cuerpo de válvula 1 10 permitiendo que el humor acuoso fluya por el canal interno 122 y las perforaciones radiales 124 del vástago 120 logrando la salida del humor acuso al exterior. Una vez que la presión se regula, el vástago 120 vuelve a su posición inicial cerrando herméticamente la válvula 1 00 y evitando así cualquier entrada de objetos extraños al ojo (polvo, microorganismos, etc.). Under normal conditions of intraocular pressure (10-20 mm Hg), the valve 100 remains closed and there is no outward flow of aqueous humor. However, when the intraocular pressure exceeds the limit at which the spring 130 is calibrated, the stem 120 is displaced overcoming the force of the spring 130 and with it the conical part 123 of the stem 120 is separated from the seat 1 13 of the valve body 1 10 allowing the aqueous humor to flow through the internal channel 122 and the radial perforations 124 of the stem 120 achieving the exit of humor accuse the outside. Once the pressure is regulated, the stem 120 returns to its initial position by tightly closing the valve 1 00 and thus preventing any foreign objects from entering the eye (dust, microorganisms, etc.).
En una segunda modalidad, tal como se ilustra en las figuras 4 y 5, la válvula compensadora y reguladora de presión intraocular 200 comprende un cuerpo de válvula 210 o armadura, un vástago 220 y dos imanes circulares (230 y 231 ). El cuerpo de válvula 210 tiene un cuerpo tubular hueco 21 1 y un reborde 212 en un extremo del cuerpo tubular 21 1 . El vástago 220 comprende un cuerpo tubular 221 con un canal interno 222 que tiene en uno de sus extremos, una parte cónica 223 que descansa en un asiento 213 también cónico en la parte donde se encuentra el reborde 212 en el cuerpo de válvula 210. El cuerpo tubular del vástago 220, por debajo de la parte cónica 223, tiene perforaciones radiales 224 en comunicación con el canal interno 222 del cuerpo tubular 221 del vástago 220.  In a second embodiment, as illustrated in Figures 4 and 5, the intraocular pressure compensating and regulating valve 200 comprises a valve body 210 or armature, a stem 220 and two circular magnets (230 and 231). The valve body 210 has a hollow tubular body 21 1 and a flange 212 at one end of the tubular body 21 1. The rod 220 comprises a tubular body 221 with an internal channel 222 having at one of its ends, a conical part 223 that rests in a seat also conical 213 in the part where the flange 212 is located in the valve body 210. The tubular body of the rod 220, below the conical part 223, has radial perforations 224 in communication with the internal channel 222 of the tubular body 221 of the rod 220.
El cuerpo de válvula 210 incluye un primer imán permanente circular 230 colocado la parte interna del cuerpo tubular hueco 21 1 en el extremo donde se encuentra el reborde 212 del cuerpo de válvula 210. Un segundo imán permanente circular 231 es colocado en el vástago 220 a nivel del otro extremo del cuerpo de válvula 210 de modo que los imanes (230 y 231 ) se encuentren separados una distancia. La polaridad del primer y el segundo ¡manes es igual para obtener una fuerza de repulsión entre ellos, y así mantener la parte cónica 223 asentada en el asiento 213 del cuerpo de válvula 210. El cuerpo tubular hueco 21 1 incluye elementos de sujeción 214 para retener o sujetar la válvula 200 a la córnea. El segundo imán 231 está ajustado a presión al vástago 220 y el primer imán 230 no está ajustado a presión al vástago sino que existe una separación con el vástago 220 de entre 5 a 10 mieras de modo que el vástago 220 pueda desplazarse fuera del cuerpo de válvula 210. The valve body 210 includes a first circular permanent magnet 230 placed the inner part of the hollow tubular body 21 1 at the end where the flange 212 of the valve body 210 is located. A second circular permanent magnet 231 is placed on the stem 220 a level of the other end of the valve body 210 so that the magnets (230 and 231) are separated a distance. The polarity of the first and second magnets is the same to obtain a repulsive force between them, and thus keep the conical part 223 seated in the seat 213 of the valve body 210. The hollow tubular body 21 1 includes fasteners 214 for retain or hold valve 200 to the cornea. The second magnet 231 is snapped to the rod 220 and the first magnet 230 is not snapped to the rod but there is a gap with the rod 220 between 5 to 10 microns so that the rod 220 can move out of the body of valve 210.
Cuando la presión intraocular excede el limite (10-20 mm Hg) al cual esta calibrada la fuerza de repulsión, el vástago 220 es desplazado venciendo la fuerza del repulsión y con ello la parte cónica 223 del vástago 220 se separa del asiento 213 del cuerpo de válvula 210 permitiendo que el humor acuoso fluya por el canal interno 222 y las perforaciones radiales 224 del vástago 220 logrando la salida del humor acuso al exterior. Una vez que la presión se regula, el vástago 220 vuelve a su posición inicial cerrando herméticamente la válvula 200 y evitando así cualquier entrada de objetos extraños al ojo (polvo, microorganismos, etc.).  When the intraocular pressure exceeds the limit (10-20 mm Hg) at which the repulsive force is calibrated, the rod 220 is displaced by overcoming the force of the repulsion and with it the conical part 223 of the rod 220 is separated from the seat 213 of the body of valve 210 allowing the aqueous humor to flow through the internal channel 222 and the radial perforations 224 of the stem 220 achieving the exit of the accusing humor to the outside. Once the pressure is regulated, the stem 220 returns to its initial position by tightly closing the valve 200 and thus preventing any foreign objects from entering the eye (dust, microorganisms, etc.).
Una tercera modalidad de la válvula compensadora y reguladora de presión intraocular 300 esta ilustrada en las figuras 6 y 7, y comprende un cuerpo de válvula 310, un vástago 320 y laminillas elásticas o muelles 330 y 331 . El cuerpo de válvula 310 tiene un cuerpo tubular hueco 31 1 y un reborde 312 en un extremo del cuerpo tubular 31 1 . El vástago 320 comprende un cuerpo tubular 321 con un canal interno 322 que tiene en uno de sus extremos, una parte cónica 323 que descansa en un asiento 313 también cónico en la parte donde se encuentra el reborde 312 en el cuerpo de válvula 310. El cuerpo tubular 321 del vástago 320, por debajo de la parte cónica 323, tiene perforaciones radiales 324 en comunicación con el canal interno 322 del cuerpo tubular 321 del vástago 320. A third embodiment of the intraocular pressure compensating and regulating valve 300 is illustrated in Figures 6 and 7, and comprises a valve body 310, a rod 320 and elastic lamellae or springs 330 and 331. The valve body 310 has a hollow tubular body 31 1 and a flange 312 at one end of the tubular body 31 1. The rod 320 comprises a tubular body 321 with a channel internal 322 having at one of its ends, a conical part 323 resting in a seat 313 also conical in the part where the flange 312 is located in the valve body 310. The tubular body 321 of the stem 320, below the conical part 323, has radial perforations 324 in communication with the internal channel 322 of the tubular body 321 of the rod 320.
Entre el cuerpo de válvula 310 en el extremo opuesto al reborde 312 y un anillo o disco 325 ubicado en el vástago 320 existe un muelle 330 para mantener presionado el vástago 320 de modo que la parte cónica 323 está asentada en el asiento 313 del cuerpo de válvula 310. El cuerpo tubular hueco 31 1 incluye elementos de sujeción 314 para retener o sujetar la válvula 300 a la córnea. Entre el cuerpo tubular hueco 31 1 del cuerpo de válvula 310 y el vástago 320, existe una separación de entre 0.5 a 3 mieras de modo que el vástago 320 pueda desplazarse fuera del cuerpo de válvula 310.  Between the valve body 310 at the end opposite the flange 312 and a ring or disc 325 located on the stem 320 there is a spring 330 to hold the rod 320 pressed so that the conical part 323 is seated in the seat 313 of the body valve 310. The hollow tubular body 31 1 includes fasteners 314 for retaining or securing the valve 300 to the cornea. Between the hollow tubular body 31 1 of the valve body 310 and the stem 320, there is a separation between 0.5 to 3 microns so that the rod 320 can move out of the valve body 310.
En condiciones normales de presión intraocular (10-20 mm Hg), la válvula 300 permanece cerrada y no existe flujo de humor acuoso hacia el exterior. Sin embargo cuando la presión intraocular excede el limite al cual se calibra el muelle 330, el vástago 320 es desplazado venciendo la fuerza del muelle 330 y con ello la parte cónica 323 del vástago 320 se separa del asiento 313 del cuerpo de válvula 310 permitiendo que el humor acuoso fluya por el canal interno 322 y las perforaciones radiales 324 del vástago 320 logrando la salida del humor acuso al exterior. Una vez que la presión se regula, el vástago 320 vuelve a su posición inicial cerrando herméticamente la válvula 300 y evitando así cualquier entrada de objetos extraños al ojo (polvo, microorganismos, etc.). Under normal conditions of intraocular pressure (10-20 mm Hg), valve 300 remains closed and there is no outward flow of aqueous humor. However, when the intraocular pressure exceeds the limit at which the spring 330 is calibrated, the stem 320 is displaced by overcoming the force of the spring 330 and with it the conical part 323 of the stem 320 is separated from the seat 313 of the valve body 310 allowing the aqueous humor flows through the internal channel 322 and the radial perforations 324 of the rod 320 achieving the exit of the accusing humor abroad. Once the pressure is regulated, the rod 320 returns to its initial position by tightly closing the valve 300 and avoiding thus any entry of foreign objects to the eye (dust, microorganisms, etc.).
En una cuarta modalidad, tal como se ilustra en las figuras 8 y 9, la válvula compensadora y reguladora de presión intraocular 400 comprende un cuerpo principal 410, un cabezal 420, un resorte 430. El cuerpo principal 410 es tubular con un canal interno 41 1 y un elemento sujetador de resorte 412 y un reborde 413. El cuerpo principal 410 incluye un elemento de sujeción 414 para retener o sujetar la válvula 400 a la córnea.  In a fourth embodiment, as illustrated in Figures 8 and 9, the intraocular pressure compensating and regulating valve 400 comprises a main body 410, a head 420, a spring 430. The main body 410 is tubular with an internal channel 41 1 and a spring clamp element 412 and a flange 413. The main body 410 includes a clamp element 414 for retaining or securing the valve 400 to the cornea.
El cabezal 420 comprende una parte cónica 421 que descansa en un asiento 415 también cónico en un extremo del cuerpo principal 410. Una parte posterior del cabezal 420 incluye un aro 423 en el cual se sujeta un primer extremo 431 del resorte 430, y un segundo extremo 432 del resorte 430 se sujeta al elemento sujetador 412. El resorte se encuentra el canal interno 41 1 del cuerpo principal 410.  The head 420 comprises a conical part 421 that rests in a seat also conical at one end of the main body 410. A rear part of the head 420 includes a ring 423 in which a first end 431 of the spring 430 is secured, and a second end 432 of the spring 430 is attached to the fastener element 412. The spring is the internal channel 41 1 of the main body 410.
En condiciones normales de presión intraocular (10-20 mm Hg), la válvula 400 permanece cerrada y no existe flujo de humor acuoso hacia el exterior. Sin embargo cuando la presión intraocular excede el limite al cual se calibra el resorte 430, el cabezal 420 es desplazado venciendo la fuerza del resorte 430 y con ello formando una separación entre el cabezal 420 y el asiento 415 del cuerpo principal 410 permitiendo que el humor acuoso fluya por el canal interno 41 1 y la separación formada logrando la salida del humor acuso al exterior. Una vez que la presión se regula, el cabezal vuelve a su posición inicial cerrando herméticamente la válvula y evitando así cualquier entrada de objetos extraños al ojo (polvo, microorganismos, etc.). Under normal conditions of intraocular pressure (10-20 mm Hg), the valve 400 remains closed and there is no outward flow of aqueous humor. However, when the intraocular pressure exceeds the limit at which the spring 430 is calibrated, the head 420 is displaced by overcoming the force of the spring 430 and thereby forming a separation between the head 420 and the seat 415 of the main body 410 allowing humor Aqueous flow through the internal channel 41 1 and the separation formed achieving the exit of the accusing humor abroad. Once the pressure is regulated, the head returns to its initial position by tightly closing the valve and thus preventing any entry of objects. strangers to the eye (dust, microorganisms, etc.).
La presente invención se ha descrito e ilustrado en su modalidad preferida, sin embargo, se pueden hacer modificaciones, por ejemplo, geométricas en las partes de la válvula, que quedan comprendidas dentro del alcance de las siguientes reivindicaciones.  The present invention has been described and illustrated in its preferred embodiment, however, for example, geometric modifications can be made to the valve parts, which fall within the scope of the following claims.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1 . Una válvula compensadora y reguladora de presión intraocular instalada en una cornea de un ojo, que comprende: un cuerpo de válvula que tiene un asiento de válvula en un extremo; un elemento móvil que está en contacto con el asiento de válvula en condiciones normales de presión intraocular en el ojo, el elemento móvil está configurado de tal manera que pueda separarse del asiento de válvula cuando la presión intraocular exceda un l ímite de presión intraocular; y un elemento para mantener el elemento móvil en contacto con el asiento de válvula.  one . An intraocular pressure compensating and regulating valve installed in a cornea of one eye, comprising: a valve body having a valve seat at one end; a mobile element that is in contact with the valve seat under normal conditions of intraocular pressure in the eye, the mobile element is configured so that it can be separated from the valve seat when the intraocular pressure exceeds an intraocular pressure limit; and an element to keep the mobile element in contact with the valve seat.
2. La válvula de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , en donde el cuerpo de válvula tiene una parte exterior con elementos de sujeción para retener la válvula a la córnea, y el límite de presión intraocular es de 10 a 20 mm Hg.  2. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the valve body has an outer part with fasteners for retaining the valve to the cornea, and the intraocular pressure limit is 10 to 20 mm Hg.
3. La válvula de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , en donde el elemento para mantener el elemento móvil en contacto con el asiento de válvula es un resorte colocado en una parte interior del cuerpo de válvula, y el elemento móvil es un vástago que comprende un cuerpo tubular con un canal interno en el mismo, el vástago tiene en su parte superior perforaciones para permitir la salida de humor acuoso al exterior de la válvula.  3. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the element for keeping the movable element in contact with the valve seat is a spring placed in an inner part of the valve body, and the movable element is a stem comprising a Tubular body with an internal channel in it, the rod has perforations in its upper part to allow the outflow of aqueous humor to the outside of the valve.
4. La válvula de conformidad con la reivindicación 2, en donde el elemento para mantener el elemento móvil en contacto con el asiento de válvula es un resorte colocado en una parte interior del cuerpo de válvula, y el elemento móvil es un vástago que comprende un cuerpo tubular con un canal interno en el mismo, el vástago tiene en su parte superior perforaciones para permitir la salida de humor acuoso al exterior de la válvula. 4. The valve according to claim 2, wherein the element for keeping the movable element in contact with the valve seat is a spring placed in an inner part of the valve body, and the movable element is a stem comprising a body Tubular with an internal channel in it, the rod has perforations in its upper part to allow the aqueous humor to flow out of the valve.
5. La válvula de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , en donde el elemento para mantener el elemento móvil en contacto con el asiento de válvula esta constituido por dos imanes permanentes con la misma polaridad colocados en una parte interior del cuerpo de válvula y el elemento móvil es un vástago que comprende un cuerpo tubular con un canal interno en el mismo, el vástago tiene en su parte superior perforaciones para permitir la salida de humor acuoso al exterior de la válvula.  5. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the element for keeping the mobile element in contact with the valve seat is constituted by two permanent magnets with the same polarity placed in an inner part of the valve body and the mobile element It is a rod that comprises a tubular body with an internal channel in it, the rod has perforations in its upper part to allow the aqueous humor to flow out of the valve.
6. La válvula de conformidad con la reivindicación 2, en donde el elemento para mantener el elemento móvil en contacto con el asiento de válvula está constituido por dos imanes permanentes con la misma polaridad colocados en una parte interior del cuerpo de válvula y el elemento móvil es un vástago que comprende un cuerpo tubular con un canal interno en el mismo, el vástago tiene en su parte superior perforaciones para permitir la salida de humor acuoso al exterior de la válvula.  6. The valve according to claim 2, wherein the element for keeping the mobile element in contact with the valve seat is constituted by two permanent magnets with the same polarity placed in an inner part of the valve body and the mobile element It is a rod that comprises a tubular body with an internal channel in it, the rod has perforations in its upper part to allow the aqueous humor to flow out of the valve.
7. La válvula de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , en donde el elemento móvil es un vástago que comprende un cuerpo tubular con un canal interno en el mismo y el elemento para mantener el elemento móvil en contacto con el asiento de válvula esta constituido por dos muelles colocados en contacto con un extremo del cuerpo de válvula opuesto al extremo donde está el asiento de válvula y un anillo ubicado en el vástago, el vástago tiene en su parte superior perforaciones para permitir la salida de humor acuoso al exterior de la válvula. 7. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the movable element is a rod comprising a tubular body with an internal channel therein and the element for keeping the movable element in contact with the valve seat is constituted by two springs placed in contact with one end of the valve body opposite the end where the valve seat is and a ring located in the stem, the stem has perforations in its upper part to allow the aqueous humor to flow out of the valve.
8. La válvula de conformidad con la reivindicación 2, en donde el elemento móvil es un vástago que comprende un cuerpo tubular con un canal interno en el mismo y el elemento para mantener el elemento móvil en contacto con el asiento de válvula está constituido por dos muelles colocados en contacto con un extremo del cuerpo de válvula opuesto al extremo donde está el asiento de válvula y un anillo ubicado en el vástago, el vástago tiene en su parte superior perforaciones para permitir la salida de humor acuoso al exterior de la válvula.  8. The valve according to claim 2, wherein the movable element is a rod comprising a tubular body with an internal channel therein and the element for keeping the movable element in contact with the valve seat is constituted by two springs placed in contact with one end of the valve body opposite the end where the valve seat is and a ring located on the stem, the rod has perforations in its upper part to allow the aqueous humor to flow out of the valve.
9. La válvula de conformidad con la reivindicación 1 , en donde el elemento para mantener el elemento móvil en contacto con el asiento de válvula es un resorte que tiene un primer y un segundo extremos, el resorte está colocado en una parte interior del cuerpo de válvula, y el elemento móvil es un cabezal que tiene en su parte inferior un aro para sujetar un primer extremo del resorte; el segundo extremo del resorte está fijado a un elemento sujetador ubicado en la parte interna del cuerpo de válvula.  9. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the element for keeping the mobile element in contact with the valve seat is a spring having a first and a second end, the spring is placed in an inner part of the body of valve, and the movable element is a head that has a ring in its lower part to hold a first end of the spring; The second end of the spring is fixed to a fastener located in the inner part of the valve body.
10. La válvula de conformidad con la reivindicación 2, en donde el elemento para mantener el elemento móvil en contacto con el asiento de válvula es un resorte que tiene un primer y un segundo extremos, el resorte está colocado en una parte interior del cuerpo de válvula, y el elemento móvil es un cabezal que tiene en su parte inferior un aro para sujetar un primer extremo del resorte; el segundo extremo del resorte está fijado a un elemento sujetador ubicado en la parte interna del cuerpo de válvula.  10. The valve according to claim 2, wherein the element for keeping the mobile element in contact with the valve seat is a spring having a first and a second end, the spring is placed in an inner part of the body of valve, and the movable element is a head that has a ring in its lower part to hold a first end of the spring; The second end of the spring is fixed to a fastener located in the inner part of the valve body.
PCT/MX2014/000165 2014-10-17 2014-10-17 Valve for compensating and regulating intraocular pressure WO2016060538A1 (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US3788327A (en) * 1971-03-30 1974-01-29 H Donowitz Surgical implant device
SU1738279A1 (en) * 1989-12-04 1992-06-07 Туркменский Научно-Исследовательский Институт Глазных Болезней Magnetic valve for eyeball drainage
WO2003099175A1 (en) * 2002-05-29 2003-12-04 University Of Saskatchewan Technologies Inc. A shunt and method treatment of glaucoma
ES2299218T3 (en) * 1997-11-20 2008-05-16 Optonol Ltd. FLOW REGULATION IMPLANT.
US20080228127A1 (en) * 2006-11-10 2008-09-18 Glaukos Corporation Uveoscleral shunt and methods for implanting same
DE102010029396A1 (en) * 2010-05-27 2011-12-01 Gudrun Brümmer-Schillke Eye implant for regulating intraocular pressure, has base body comprising turning tool contact surface at proximal end and external thread winding around axis in middle part, and liquid entry port aligned radial to axis
ES2396088T3 (en) * 2006-04-26 2013-02-19 Eastern Virginia Medical School Systems to monitor and control the internal pressure of an eye or a body part

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3788327A (en) * 1971-03-30 1974-01-29 H Donowitz Surgical implant device
SU1738279A1 (en) * 1989-12-04 1992-06-07 Туркменский Научно-Исследовательский Институт Глазных Болезней Magnetic valve for eyeball drainage
ES2299218T3 (en) * 1997-11-20 2008-05-16 Optonol Ltd. FLOW REGULATION IMPLANT.
WO2003099175A1 (en) * 2002-05-29 2003-12-04 University Of Saskatchewan Technologies Inc. A shunt and method treatment of glaucoma
ES2396088T3 (en) * 2006-04-26 2013-02-19 Eastern Virginia Medical School Systems to monitor and control the internal pressure of an eye or a body part
US20080228127A1 (en) * 2006-11-10 2008-09-18 Glaukos Corporation Uveoscleral shunt and methods for implanting same
DE102010029396A1 (en) * 2010-05-27 2011-12-01 Gudrun Brümmer-Schillke Eye implant for regulating intraocular pressure, has base body comprising turning tool contact surface at proximal end and external thread winding around axis in middle part, and liquid entry port aligned radial to axis

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