WO1994014383A1 - Handpiece for transmyocardial vascularization heart-synchronized pulsed laser system - Google Patents

Handpiece for transmyocardial vascularization heart-synchronized pulsed laser system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994014383A1
WO1994014383A1 PCT/US1992/011002 US9211002W WO9414383A1 WO 1994014383 A1 WO1994014383 A1 WO 1994014383A1 US 9211002 W US9211002 W US 9211002W WO 9414383 A1 WO9414383 A1 WO 9414383A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
handpiece
heart
barrel
laser beam
aperture
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1992/011002
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Robert I. Rudko
Original Assignee
Laser Engineering, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Laser Engineering, Inc. filed Critical Laser Engineering, Inc.
Priority to DE69232800T priority Critical patent/DE69232800T2/en
Priority to AT93901158T priority patent/ATE225145T1/en
Priority to CA002117423A priority patent/CA2117423C/en
Priority to PCT/US1992/011002 priority patent/WO1994014383A1/en
Priority to EP93901158A priority patent/EP0626826B1/en
Priority claimed from CA002117423A external-priority patent/CA2117423C/en
Publication of WO1994014383A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994014383A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
    • A61B18/201—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser with beam delivery through a hollow tube, e.g. forming an articulated arm ; Hand-pieces therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00017—Electrical control of surgical instruments
    • A61B2017/00137—Details of operation mode
    • A61B2017/00154—Details of operation mode pulsed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/00238—Type of minimally invasive operation
    • A61B2017/00243—Type of minimally invasive operation cardiac
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/00238—Type of minimally invasive operation
    • A61B2017/00243—Type of minimally invasive operation cardiac
    • A61B2017/00247—Making holes in the wall of the heart, e.g. laser Myocardial revascularization
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/00681—Aspects not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2017/00694—Aspects not otherwise provided for with means correcting for movement of or for synchronisation with the body
    • A61B2017/00703—Aspects not otherwise provided for with means correcting for movement of or for synchronisation with the body correcting for movement of heart, e.g. ECG-triggered
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
    • A61B2018/00059—Material properties
    • A61B2018/00071—Electrical conductivity
    • A61B2018/00083—Electrical conductivity low, i.e. electrically insulating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00053—Mechanical features of the instrument of device
    • A61B2018/00059—Material properties
    • A61B2018/00089—Thermal conductivity
    • A61B2018/00101—Thermal conductivity low, i.e. thermally insulating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00315—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for treatment of particular body parts
    • A61B2018/00345—Vascular system
    • A61B2018/00351—Heart
    • A61B2018/00392—Transmyocardial revascularisation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/03—Automatic limiting or abutting means, e.g. for safety
    • A61B2090/033—Abutting means, stops, e.g. abutting on tissue or skin
    • A61B2090/036—Abutting means, stops, e.g. abutting on tissue or skin abutting on tissue or skin

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a handpiece for use in a trans yocardial vascularization heart-synchronized pulsed laser system, and more particularly to such a handpiece whose contact surface avoids destabilization of the beating heart.
  • Transmyocardial revascularization is an alternative technique to bypass surgery for increasing blood flow to the heart muscle. It involves the puncturing of the heart wall with a laser to form a plurality of holes which heal on the outside but remain open on the inside of the heart, to provide an alternative source of blood to the heart muscle.
  • This technique has been employed on a stilled, by-passed heart using a C0 2 laser with a hand-piece which rests on the heart in order to ensure that the laser beam focus occurs at the correct point on the heart.
  • a dramatic improvement in TMR has enabled this technique to be used on a beating heart without the need to slow or still it. This has been accomplished with an innovative synchronizing approach disclosed in one or more of the U.S. patent applications listed above under Related Cases and incorporated herein by
  • a beating heart is electrically active; the contact of a handpiece against the heart wall disrupts that electrical activity and interferes with the heart function. Arrhythmia and fibrillation can occur and can result in heart failure. Further, any interference with the electrical field of the heart interrupts the synchronous operation of the laser so that the laser is no longer constrained to fire at the optimum moment in the beating heart cycle.
  • the current handpieces used with C0 2 lasers have a relatively sharp tip on a gauge rod extending from the end of the handpiece used to consistently position the handpiece at the proper distance from the stilled heart wall for accurate laser beam focusing and impingement.
  • Such a tip creates increased pressure on the heart, which can cause arrhythmia, fibrillation, and can even puncture the wall of the heart. Further, with these handpieces it is difficult to maintain the laser beam perpendicular with the wall of a beating heart as is necessary to effect clean, correctly placed holes in the heart wall.
  • SUBSTITUTE SHEET effective and safe handpiece capable of contacting the wall of a beating heart to insure proper location and focus of the laser beam, yet minimize danger to or interference with the beating heart can be achieved by focusing the laser beam in the vicinity of the laser beam exit aperture at the end of the handpiece and providing a large, smooth, flat heart contact surface at that end of the handpiece to. minimize pressure on an interference with the beating heart.
  • This invention features a handpiece for use in a transmyocardial vascularization heart-synchronized pulsed laser system including a barrel having a passage for transmitting a laser beam. There is a surface at the distal end of the barrel for contacting the wall of the heart and an aperture located at the distal end of the barrel in the enlarged surface for transmitting a laser beam. There are means for focusing a laser beam proximate to the aperture to vaporize the tissue of the heart wall to create a hole to the interior of the heart chamber.
  • the handpiece further includes means for introducing a gas to purge the passage, between the aperture and the means for focusing, of debris from the vaporized heart wall. There may also be exhaust means for for venting the debris purged by the gas.
  • the barrel may be straight or may be angled and include deflecting means for redirecting the laser beam along the angled barrel.
  • the deflecting means may include a mirror.
  • the contact surface at the distal end of the barrel is generally smooth and flat with rounded edges, and is generally greater than 1 cm in diameter.
  • the gas may be introduced proximate the means for focusing and exhausted proximate the aperture.
  • the beam may be focused beyond the enlarged surface, within the barrel or intermediately within the aperture.
  • Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional view of a C0 2 surgical laser system employing the handpiece of this invention
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a handpiece according to this invention and a portion of the articulated optical arm which carries it;
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the focusing lens section of the handpiece of Figs. 1 and 2;
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the barrel of the handpiece of Figs. 1 and 2;
  • Fig. 5 is a side elevational view with portions broken away of an alternative form of barrel similar to that shown in Fig. 4.
  • the handpiece of this invention for use in a transmyocardial revascularization heart-synchronized pulsed laser system may be accomplished using a barrel having a passage for transmitting a laser beam.
  • the barrel may be simply a hollow tube.
  • the handpiece, at least at its contact surface is electrically and thermally insulating for the same purpose.
  • an aperture located at the distal end of the barrel in the enlarged surface for transmitting a laser beam through to the heart wall.
  • the laser may be focused at, near or beyond the aperture.
  • the means for focusing is typically a lens which is mounted in the focusing unit or lens unit associated with the barrel.
  • SUBSTITUTESHEET proximate the distal end of the barrel through which the purged gas with the debris is vented.
  • the barrel may be straight or may be angled. If it is argled there are suitable deflecting means such as mirrors or reflectors, to redirect the beam along the angled or curved barrel.
  • deflecting means such as mirrors or reflectors, to redirect the beam along the angled or curved barrel.
  • the enlarged surface for contacting the heart is 1 cm or more in diameter.
  • a surgical laser system 10 including a power supply 12 and control panel 14 for operating C0 2 laser 16, whose output beam is directed through@@ F articulated arm 18 to handpiece 20.
  • Handpiece 20 may include a lens unit 22 including a lens for focusing the laser beam and a barrel 24 which includes an aperture 26 through which the laser beam 28 exits.
  • the distal end 30 of barrel 24 includes an enlarged contact surface 32 for contacting the wall of the heart to be perforated by the laser beam.
  • Surface 32 is relatively large to minimize the contact pressure between it and the heart wall, and is flat and smooth with rounded edges to minimize interference with the heart.
  • Surface 32 is typically 1 cm or greater in diameter, and may be electrically and thermally insulating.
  • the focusing unit or lens unit 22, Fig. 3, includes a threaded portion 38 for interconnection with arm 18, and a threaded portion 40 which interconnects with barrel 24.
  • Carried within unit 22 is focusing lens 42.
  • An inlet tube 44 is joined by interference fit with bore 46 and a cylindrical wall 48 of unit 22.
  • inlet 44 is connected to a hose 52 which is in turn connected to a purge gas source 54 which provides a gas such as C0 2 under gentle pressure to create a backflow from lens 42 forward into barrel 24. This keeps any debris from the vaporization from contacting and obscuring or damaging lens 42.
  • Lens 42 is positioned directly in line with passage 56 provided in unit 22 for propagation of the laser beam. Threads 40 of lens unit 22 engage with threads 60 of barrel 24, Fig. 4, which also includes a passage 62 which communicates with laser aperture 26 to create a clear passage for the propagation of laser beam 20a to wall 66 of a
  • Lens 42 focuses the laser beam proximate aperture 26 and surface 32.
  • contact surface 32 is considerably broader than the cross-sectional area of barrel 24 alone and is formed in the shape of a flange with surface 32 being smooth and flat and all the edges rounded. This increases the area of contact with the heart, and therefore decreases the pressure or force per unit area on the heart. It also provides a more stable platform by which to maintain perpendicularity between the beam 28 and the heart wall 66. Thus this construction provides the necessary precision in locating the focus of the beam on the heart wall without interfering with the heart operation or its electrical activity.
  • Barrel 24 includes vent holes 70, 72 for exhausting the purging gas and trapped debris away from the lens 42 and away from aperture 26.
  • barrel 24 has been shown as a straight member, this is not a necessary limitation of the invention.
  • barrel 24a, Fig. 5 may include a right angle configuration 80, so that surface 32a is facing at right angles to the path of the beam 28.
  • a reflective surface 82 is provided to reflect the beam from an incoming path parallel to axis 84 to the outgoing path parallel to axis 86.
  • One or more vent holes 88 are provided for exhausting the first gas.

Abstract

A handpiece for use in transmyocardial revascularization heart-synchronized pulsed laser system includes a barrel (24) having a passage (62) for transmitting a laser beam; a surface (32) at the distal end of the barrel for contacting the wall of the heart (66); an aperture (26) located at the distal end of the barrel in the enlarged surface (32) for transmitting the laser beam; and means for focusing (42) the laser beam proximate to the aperture to vaporize the tissue of the heart wall and create a hole to the interior heart chamber.

Description

HANDPIECE FOR TRANSMYOCARDIAL VASCULARIZAT ON HEART-SYNCHRONIZED PULSED LASER SYSTEM
FIELD OF INVENTION This invention relates to a handpiece for use in a trans yocardial vascularization heart-synchronized pulsed laser system, and more particularly to such a handpiece whose contact surface avoids destabilization of the beating heart.
RELATED CASES This application is related to and incorporates herein by reference the following applications having common inventors and assignee and filed on even date herewith: "Heart-Synchronized Pulsed Laser System", by Robert I. Rudko and Stephen J. Linhares (Docket No. LE-109J) ; "Long Pulse, Fast Flow Laser System and Method", by Robert I. Rudko (Docket No. LE-110J) ; and "Heart-Synchronized Vacuum-Assisted Pulsed Laser System and Method", by Robert I. Rudko (Docket No. LE-112J) .
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION Transmyocardial revascularization (TMR) is an alternative technique to bypass surgery for increasing blood flow to the heart muscle. It involves the puncturing of the heart wall with a laser to form a plurality of holes which heal on the outside but remain open on the inside of the heart, to provide an alternative source of blood to the heart muscle. This technique has been employed on a stilled, by-passed heart using a C02 laser with a hand-piece which rests on the heart in order to ensure that the laser beam focus occurs at the correct point on the heart. Recently, a dramatic improvement in TMR has enabled this technique to be used on a beating heart without the need to slow or still it. This has been accomplished with an innovative synchronizing approach disclosed in one or more of the U.S. patent applications listed above under Related Cases and incorporated herein by
SUBSTITUTESHEET reference. However, this has introduced new problems. A beating heart is electrically active; the contact of a handpiece against the heart wall disrupts that electrical activity and interferes with the heart function. Arrhythmia and fibrillation can occur and can result in heart failure. Further, any interference with the electrical field of the heart interrupts the synchronous operation of the laser so that the laser is no longer constrained to fire at the optimum moment in the beating heart cycle. The current handpieces used with C02 lasers have a relatively sharp tip on a gauge rod extending from the end of the handpiece used to consistently position the handpiece at the proper distance from the stilled heart wall for accurate laser beam focusing and impingement. Such a tip creates increased pressure on the heart, which can cause arrhythmia, fibrillation, and can even puncture the wall of the heart. Further, with these handpieces it is difficult to maintain the laser beam perpendicular with the wall of a beating heart as is necessary to effect clean, correctly placed holes in the heart wall.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION It is therefore an object of this invention to provide an improved laser handpiece for a heart-synchronized pulsed • laser system for transmyocardial vascularization.
It is a further object; of this invention to provide such a laser handpiece which more readily maintains perpendicularity with the wall of a beating heart.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such a laser handpiece which accurately locates the laser beam focal point at the correct point on the heart wall.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such a laser handpiece which reduces interference with the heart electric field and function.
It is a further object of this invention to provide such a laser handpiece which dissipates the laser plume to prevent interference with or damage to the laser beam lens.
This invention results from the realization that an
SUBSTITUTE SHEET effective and safe handpiece capable of contacting the wall of a beating heart to insure proper location and focus of the laser beam, yet minimize danger to or interference with the beating heart can be achieved by focusing the laser beam in the vicinity of the laser beam exit aperture at the end of the handpiece and providing a large, smooth, flat heart contact surface at that end of the handpiece to. minimize pressure on an interference with the beating heart.
This invention features a handpiece for use in a transmyocardial vascularization heart-synchronized pulsed laser system including a barrel having a passage for transmitting a laser beam. There is a surface at the distal end of the barrel for contacting the wall of the heart and an aperture located at the distal end of the barrel in the enlarged surface for transmitting a laser beam. There are means for focusing a laser beam proximate to the aperture to vaporize the tissue of the heart wall to create a hole to the interior of the heart chamber. In a preferred embodiment the handpiece further includes means for introducing a gas to purge the passage, between the aperture and the means for focusing, of debris from the vaporized heart wall. There may also be exhaust means for for venting the debris purged by the gas. The barrel may be straight or may be angled and include deflecting means for redirecting the laser beam along the angled barrel. The deflecting means may include a mirror. The contact surface at the distal end of the barrel is generally smooth and flat with rounded edges, and is generally greater than 1 cm in diameter. The gas may be introduced proximate the means for focusing and exhausted proximate the aperture. The beam may be focused beyond the enlarged surface, within the barrel or intermediately within the aperture.
DISCLOSURE OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Other objects, features and advantages will occur to those skilled in the art from the following description of a preferred embodiment and the accompanying drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional view of a C02 surgical laser system employing the handpiece of this invention;
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a handpiece according to this invention and a portion of the articulated optical arm which carries it;
Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the focusing lens section of the handpiece of Figs. 1 and 2;
Fig. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the barrel of the handpiece of Figs. 1 and 2; and
Fig. 5 is a side elevational view with portions broken away of an alternative form of barrel similar to that shown in Fig. 4.
The handpiece of this invention for use in a transmyocardial revascularization heart-synchronized pulsed laser system may be accomplished using a barrel having a passage for transmitting a laser beam. The barrel may be simply a hollow tube. There is a surface at the distal end of the barrel for contacting the wall of the heart. This surface is smooth and flat so that there are no sharp edges to probe or prick the heart wall. It is also broad in order to minimize the contact pressure between the handpiece and the heart wall and minimize interference with the operation" of the heart muscle and the electrical activity of the beating heart. The handpiece, at least at its contact surface, is electrically and thermally insulating for the same purpose. There is an aperture located at the distal end of the barrel in the enlarged surface for transmitting a laser beam through to the heart wall. There are also some means for focusing the laser beam proximate to the aperture to vaporize the tissue of the heart wall and create a hole through the wall to the interior of the heart chamber. The laser may be focused at, near or beyond the aperture. There is an inlet to introduce a purging gas through the passage to purge, the aperture and the means for focusing, of debris produced by the vaporization of the heart wall by the laser beam. The means for focusing is typically a lens which is mounted in the focusing unit or lens unit associated with the barrel. There is one or more outlets
SUBSTITUTESHEET proximate the distal end of the barrel through which the purged gas with the debris is vented. The barrel may be straight or may be angled. If it is argled there are suitable deflecting means such as mirrors or reflectors, to redirect the beam along the angled or curved barrel. Typically the enlarged surface for contacting the heart is 1 cm or more in diameter.
There is shown in Fig. 1 a surgical laser system 10 including a power supply 12 and control panel 14 for operating C02 laser 16, whose output beam is directed through@@ F articulated arm 18 to handpiece 20. Handpiece 20 may include a lens unit 22 including a lens for focusing the laser beam and a barrel 24 which includes an aperture 26 through which the laser beam 28 exits. The distal end 30 of barrel 24 includes an enlarged contact surface 32 for contacting the wall of the heart to be perforated by the laser beam. Surface 32 is relatively large to minimize the contact pressure between it and the heart wall, and is flat and smooth with rounded edges to minimize interference with the heart. Surface 32 is typically 1 cm or greater in diameter, and may be electrically and thermally insulating.
The focusing unit or lens unit 22, Fig. 3, includes a threaded portion 38 for interconnection with arm 18, and a threaded portion 40 which interconnects with barrel 24. Carried within unit 22 is focusing lens 42. An inlet tube 44 is joined by interference fit with bore 46 and a cylindrical wall 48 of unit 22. At its free end 50, inlet 44 is connected to a hose 52 which is in turn connected to a purge gas source 54 which provides a gas such as C02 under gentle pressure to create a backflow from lens 42 forward into barrel 24. This keeps any debris from the vaporization from contacting and obscuring or damaging lens 42. Lens 42 is positioned directly in line with passage 56 provided in unit 22 for propagation of the laser beam. Threads 40 of lens unit 22 engage with threads 60 of barrel 24, Fig. 4, which also includes a passage 62 which communicates with laser aperture 26 to create a clear passage for the propagation of laser beam 20a to wall 66 of a
SUBSTITUTESHEET beating heart. Lens 42 focuses the laser beam proximate aperture 26 and surface 32.
As can be seen clearly in Fig. 4, contact surface 32 is considerably broader than the cross-sectional area of barrel 24 alone and is formed in the shape of a flange with surface 32 being smooth and flat and all the edges rounded. This increases the area of contact with the heart, and therefore decreases the pressure or force per unit area on the heart. It also provides a more stable platform by which to maintain perpendicularity between the beam 28 and the heart wall 66. Thus this construction provides the necessary precision in locating the focus of the beam on the heart wall without interfering with the heart operation or its electrical activity. Barrel 24 includes vent holes 70, 72 for exhausting the purging gas and trapped debris away from the lens 42 and away from aperture 26.
Although barrel 24 has been shown as a straight member, this is not a necessary limitation of the invention. For example, barrel 24a, Fig. 5, may include a right angle configuration 80, so that surface 32a is facing at right angles to the path of the beam 28. A reflective surface 82 is provided to reflect the beam from an incoming path parallel to axis 84 to the outgoing path parallel to axis 86. One or more vent holes 88 are provided for exhausting the first gas.
Although specific features of the invention are shown in some drawings and not others, this is for convenience only as each feature may be combined with any or all of the other features in accordance with the invention.
Other embodiments will occur to those skilled in the art and are within the following claims: What is claimed is:

Claims

1. A handpiece for use in a transmyocardial revascularization heart-synchronized pulsed laser system, comprising: a barrel having a passage for transmitting a laser beam; a surface at the distal end of said barrel for contacting the wall of the heart; an aperture located at said distal end of said , barrel in said enlarged surface for transmitting the laser bea ; and means for focusing the laser beam proximate to the aperture to vaporize the tissue of the heart wall and create a hole to the interior heart chamber.
2. The handpiece of claim 2 further including means for introducing a gas to purge said passage between the aperture and said means for focusing of debris from the vaporized heart wall.
3. The handpiece of claim 1 further including exhaust means for venting the debris purged by the gas.
4. The handpiece of claim 1 in which said barrel is straight.
5. The handpiece of claim 1 in which at least said contact surface is electrically insulating.
6. The handpiece of claim 1 in which at least said contact surface is thermally insulating.
7. The handpiece of claim 1 in which said barrel is angled and includes deflecting means for directing the laser beam along the angled barrel.
SUBSTITUTESHEET
8. The handpiece of claim 7 in which said deflecting means includes a mirror.
9. The handpiece of claim 1 in which said contact surface is generally smooth and flat with rounded edges.
10. The handpiece of claim 1 in which said contact surface is generally greater than one centimeter in diameter.
11. The handpiece of claim 2 in which said gas is introduced proximate the means for focusing.
12. The handpiece of claim 3 in which said gas is exhausted proximate said aperture.
13. The handpiece of claim 1 in which said means for focusing focuses the laser beam beyond said enlarged surface.
14. The handpiece of claim 1 in which said means for focusing focuses the laser beam within said barrel.
15. The handpiece of claim 1 in which said means for focusing focuses the laser beam in said aperture.
SUBSTITUTESHEET
PCT/US1992/011002 1992-12-22 1992-12-22 Handpiece for transmyocardial vascularization heart-synchronized pulsed laser system WO1994014383A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE69232800T DE69232800T2 (en) 1992-12-22 1992-12-22 HANDPIECE FOR A HEART-SYNCHRONIZED LASER SYSTEM FOR TRANSSYNCHROCARDIAL VASCULARISATION
AT93901158T ATE225145T1 (en) 1992-12-22 1992-12-22 HANDPIECE FOR A HEART SYNCHRONIZED LASER SYSTEM FOR TRANSSYNCHROCARDIAL VASCULARIZATION
CA002117423A CA2117423C (en) 1992-12-22 1992-12-22 Handpiece for transmyocardial vascularization heart-synchronized pulsed laser system
PCT/US1992/011002 WO1994014383A1 (en) 1992-12-22 1992-12-22 Handpiece for transmyocardial vascularization heart-synchronized pulsed laser system
EP93901158A EP0626826B1 (en) 1992-12-22 1992-12-22 Handpiece for transmyocardial vascularization heart-synchronized pulsed laser system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002117423A CA2117423C (en) 1992-12-22 1992-12-22 Handpiece for transmyocardial vascularization heart-synchronized pulsed laser system
PCT/US1992/011002 WO1994014383A1 (en) 1992-12-22 1992-12-22 Handpiece for transmyocardial vascularization heart-synchronized pulsed laser system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994014383A1 true WO1994014383A1 (en) 1994-07-07

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EP0792624A1 (en) * 1996-02-27 1997-09-03 ECLIPSE SURGICAL TECHNOLOGIES, Inc. Surgical apparatus for transmyocardial revascularization
EP0797958A1 (en) * 1996-03-29 1997-10-01 Eclipse Surgical Technologies, Inc. Apparatus for laser-assisted transmyocardial revascularization and other surgical applications
EP0801928A1 (en) * 1996-04-05 1997-10-22 Eclipse Surgical Technologies, Inc. Laser device with piercing tip for transmyocardial revascularization procedures
US5681282A (en) * 1992-01-07 1997-10-28 Arthrocare Corporation Methods and apparatus for ablation of luminal tissues
US5683366A (en) * 1992-01-07 1997-11-04 Arthrocare Corporation System and method for electrosurgical tissue canalization
EP0791330A3 (en) * 1996-02-20 1997-11-12 Cardiothoracic Systems, Inc. Surgical instruments and procedures for stabilizing the beating heart during coronary artery bypass graft surgery
US5697281A (en) * 1991-10-09 1997-12-16 Arthrocare Corporation System and method for electrosurgical cutting and ablation
US5697909A (en) * 1992-01-07 1997-12-16 Arthrocare Corporation Methods and apparatus for surgical cutting
US5697882A (en) * 1992-01-07 1997-12-16 Arthrocare Corporation System and method for electrosurgical cutting and ablation
US5766164A (en) * 1996-07-03 1998-06-16 Eclipse Surgical Technologies, Inc. Contiguous, branched transmyocardial revascularization (TMR) channel, method and device
US5766153A (en) * 1993-05-10 1998-06-16 Arthrocare Corporation Methods and apparatus for surgical cutting
US5782823A (en) * 1996-04-05 1998-07-21 Eclipse Surgical Technologies, Inc. Laser device for transmyocardial revascularization procedures including means for enabling a formation of a pilot hole in the epicardium
US5807383A (en) * 1996-05-13 1998-09-15 United States Surgical Corporation Lasing device
US5894843A (en) * 1996-02-20 1999-04-20 Cardiothoracic Systems, Inc. Surgical method for stabilizing the beating heart during coronary artery bypass graft surgery
US5947989A (en) * 1996-12-12 1999-09-07 United States Surgical Corporation Method and apparatus for transmyocardial revascularization
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US9526556B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2016-12-27 Arthrocare Corporation Systems and methods systems related to electrosurgical wands with screen electrodes
US9597142B2 (en) 2014-07-24 2017-03-21 Arthrocare Corporation Method and system related to electrosurgical procedures
US9649148B2 (en) 2014-07-24 2017-05-16 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical system and method having enhanced arc prevention
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US6036641A (en) * 1996-02-20 2000-03-14 Cardiothoracic System, Inc. Surgical instruments for stabilizing the beating heart during coronary artery bypass graft surgery
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EP0801928A1 (en) * 1996-04-05 1997-10-22 Eclipse Surgical Technologies, Inc. Laser device with piercing tip for transmyocardial revascularization procedures
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US5782823A (en) * 1996-04-05 1998-07-21 Eclipse Surgical Technologies, Inc. Laser device for transmyocardial revascularization procedures including means for enabling a formation of a pilot hole in the epicardium
US6152874A (en) * 1996-04-26 2000-11-28 Genzyme Corporation Adjustable multi-purpose coronary stabilizing retractor
US6071235A (en) * 1996-04-26 2000-06-06 Genzyme Corporation Coronary stabilizing retractor with occluding means
US6254535B1 (en) 1996-04-26 2001-07-03 Genzyme Corporation Ball and socket coronary stabilizer
US5807383A (en) * 1996-05-13 1998-09-15 United States Surgical Corporation Lasing device
US5980545A (en) * 1996-05-13 1999-11-09 United States Surgical Corporation Coring device and method
US6283955B1 (en) 1996-05-13 2001-09-04 Edwards Lifesciences Corp. Laser ablation device
US6066131A (en) * 1996-07-03 2000-05-23 Eclipse Surgical Technologies, Inc. Contiguous, branched transmyocardial revascularization (TMR) channel, method and device
US5766164A (en) * 1996-07-03 1998-06-16 Eclipse Surgical Technologies, Inc. Contiguous, branched transmyocardial revascularization (TMR) channel, method and device
US5947989A (en) * 1996-12-12 1999-09-07 United States Surgical Corporation Method and apparatus for transmyocardial revascularization
US7468030B1 (en) 1997-04-25 2008-12-23 Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Surgical retractor
US6458079B1 (en) * 1997-04-25 2002-10-01 Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Surgical retractor and method of use
US7235049B1 (en) * 1997-04-25 2007-06-26 Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Surgical retractor and method of positioning an artery during surgery
US7736308B2 (en) 1997-04-25 2010-06-15 Teleflex-Ct Devices Incorporated Surgical retractor
US6033362A (en) * 1997-04-25 2000-03-07 Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Surgical retractor and method of use
AU748436B2 (en) * 1997-10-07 2002-06-06 Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. A tissue stabilization device for use during surgery having remotely actuated feet
US6135996A (en) * 1998-04-17 2000-10-24 Baxter International, Inc. Controlled advancement lasing device
US6730022B2 (en) 1999-01-24 2004-05-04 Thomas E. Martin Surgical retractor and tissue stabilization device having an adjustable sled member
US6348036B1 (en) 1999-01-24 2002-02-19 Genzyme Corporation Surgical retractor and tissue stabilization device
US9498198B2 (en) 1999-05-04 2016-11-22 Maquet Cardiovascular, Llc Surgical instruments for accessing and stabilizing a localized portion of a beating heart
US6258023B1 (en) 1999-07-08 2001-07-10 Chase Medical, Inc. Device and method for isolating a surface of a beating heart during surgery
US6478729B1 (en) 1999-07-08 2002-11-12 Chase Medical, Lp Device and method for isolating a surface of a beating heart during surgery
US10335280B2 (en) 2000-01-19 2019-07-02 Medtronic, Inc. Method for ablating target tissue of a patient
US6503245B2 (en) 2000-10-11 2003-01-07 Medcanica, Inc. Method of performing port off-pump beating heart coronary artery bypass surgery
US6592573B2 (en) 2000-10-11 2003-07-15 Popcab, Llc Through-port heart stabilization system
US6464690B1 (en) 2000-10-11 2002-10-15 Popcab, Llc Port off-pump beating heart coronary artery bypass heart stabilization system
US9402608B2 (en) 2003-07-08 2016-08-02 Maquet Cardiovascular Llc Organ manipulator apparatus
US10383612B2 (en) 2003-07-08 2019-08-20 Maquet Cardiovascular Llc Organ manipulator apparatus
WO2006047808A1 (en) * 2004-10-31 2006-05-11 Norwood Abbey Ltd A tip member for a laser emitting handpiece
US9452008B2 (en) 2008-12-12 2016-09-27 Arthrocare Corporation Systems and methods for limiting joint temperature
US9022998B2 (en) 2010-02-26 2015-05-05 Maquet Cardiovascular Llc Blower instrument, apparatus and methods of using
US9662434B2 (en) 2010-02-26 2017-05-30 Maquet Cardiovascular Llc Blower instrument, apparatus and methods of using
US8979838B2 (en) 2010-05-24 2015-03-17 Arthrocare Corporation Symmetric switching electrode method and related system
US9526556B2 (en) 2014-02-28 2016-12-27 Arthrocare Corporation Systems and methods systems related to electrosurgical wands with screen electrodes
US9597142B2 (en) 2014-07-24 2017-03-21 Arthrocare Corporation Method and system related to electrosurgical procedures
US9649148B2 (en) 2014-07-24 2017-05-16 Arthrocare Corporation Electrosurgical system and method having enhanced arc prevention

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