US3313293A - Multi-electrode needle - Google Patents

Multi-electrode needle Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US3313293A
US3313293A US337234A US33723464A US3313293A US 3313293 A US3313293 A US 3313293A US 337234 A US337234 A US 337234A US 33723464 A US33723464 A US 33723464A US 3313293 A US3313293 A US 3313293A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
needle
conductor
subsurface region
electromedical
electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US337234A
Inventor
James A Chesebrough
Frank T Ura
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HP Inc
Original Assignee
Hewlett Packard Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hewlett Packard Co filed Critical Hewlett Packard Co
Priority to US337234A priority Critical patent/US3313293A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3313293A publication Critical patent/US3313293A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
    • A61N1/0502—Skin piercing electrodes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to multi-electrode needles.
  • One type of multi-electrode needle is conventionally used in electromyography. It has a plurality of platinum electrodes insulated from each other and molded into a stainless steel cannula at selected distances from the insertion end thereof. Separate shielded cables disposed within the cannula connect the platinum electrodes to a multi contact connector. When the needle is inserted into a muscle the platinum electrodes detect the signal from one or more motor units in different layers of muscle tissue.
  • the stainless steel'cannula being a conductor, short circuits the layers of muscle tissue it penetrates thereby reducing the effectiveness of the multielectrode needle.
  • the surface area of the electrodes is seriously limited. The number of electrodes is limited because of the cabling required within the cannula.
  • a slender conductive rod having a pointed and a blunt end. Insulators and conductors are disposed on selected portions of the rod to form a plurality of longitudinal electrodes insulated from each other.
  • a multi-contact connector is attached to the blunt end of the rod. Shielded cables connect the contacts of this connector with the ends of the electrodes closest thereto.
  • FIGURE 1 is an exaggerated pictorial View of a multielectrode needle according to one embodiment of this invention.
  • FIGURE 2 is an exaggerated pictorial View of another embodiment of this invention.
  • Electrode 10 comprising a small diameter conductive rod having a pointed and a blunt end.
  • Electrode 10 may be either hollow or solid and has an insulating layer 12 fixed coaxially thereon. Insulating layer 12 encompasses all of electrode 10 except the pointed end and an annular portion at the blunt end, which serve as terminals for the electrode 10.
  • Conducting layer 14 and insulating layer 16 are alternately deposited in the same manner so that each encompasses all but a selected annular portion at either extremity of the preceeding layer...
  • Conducting layer 14 is therefore an insulated electrode having annular terminals of a selected surface area.
  • Additional conducting provide and insulating layers 18 and 20 respectively are similarly deposited to provide as many insulated electrodes as desired.
  • the thickness of the insulating and conducting layers is only of the order of one-half to one micron.
  • a small diameter needle having a great number of electrodes can be formed with layers of any insulating and conducting material which can be fixed to an elongated rod by evaporation or other techniques.
  • a metal such as aluminum may be deposited to form both the conducting and insulating layers by anodizing alternate layers.
  • Electrode terminals disposed nearest the pointed end of electrode 10 form portions of the penetration surface of the multi-electrode needle which has a normal depth of penetration 22.
  • Shielded cables 24 connect the electrode terminals disposed nearest the blunt end of electrode 10 to the contacts 26 of multi-contact connector 28, which is attached to the blunt end of electrode 10.
  • the multi-electrode needle of FIGURE 1 is useful in many applications either to detect a signal or to introduce a signal applied thereto.
  • the multielectrode needle is inserted into a muscle to detect low frequency A.-C. and D.-C. signals from one or more motor units in different layers of muscle tissue.
  • the layers of insulating material 12, 16, and 20 prevent the shorting effect between the layers of muscle tissue pene-- 'URE 2.
  • FIGURE 2 there is shown a small diameter electrode 30 comprising a conductive rod having a pointedand a blunt end.
  • An insulating layer 32 is deposited coaxially on electrode 30- encompassing all but the pointed end and an annular portion at the blunt end thereof. If desired, insulating layer 32 might also be extended to insulatethe pointed end of electrode 30.
  • Electrodes 34 are deposited in longitudinal bars around the periphery of insulating layer 32 to form electrodes 34.
  • a multi-contact connector 36 is attached to the blunt end of electrode 30.
  • Shielded cables 38 connect the contacts 40 of multi-contact connector 36 to the terminal ends of electrodes 30 and 34 closest thereto.
  • An electromedical needle for insertion into an animal body to provide a plurality of signal conduction paths to a subsurface region of the body, comprising:
  • a hollow elongated conductor adapted for insertion into the body to provide a first signal conduction path to the subsurface region of the body, said conductor having a tapered end for piercing the body and having a contact portion near the tapered end for contacting the subsurface region of the body;
  • a conductive layer fixedly supported on the outer surface -of said insulating layer for providing a second signal conduction path to the subsurface region of the body, said conductive layer being insulated from said conductor by the insulating layer and including a contact portion for contacting the subsurface region of the body when the electromedical needle is inserted into the body.
  • An electromedical needle as in claim 1 including another insulating layer fixedly supported on the outer surface of said conductive layer for insulating a selected portion of the conductive layer from the body when the electromedical needle is inserted into the body, said selected portion of the conductive layer extending along the outer surface of the conductive layer from outside the body to the subsurface region when the electromedical tacting the subsurface region of the body at a different depth below the surface of the body when the electromedical needle is inserted into the body.
  • An electromedical needle for insertion into an animal body to provide a plurality of signal conduction paths to a subsurface region of the body, comprising:
  • an elongated conductor adapted for insertion into the body to provide a first signal conduction path to the subsurface region of the body, said conductor having a tapered end for piercing the body and having a contact portion near the tapered end for contacting the subsurface region of the body;
  • an insulating layer fixedly supported on the outer surface of said conductor for insulating a selected portion of the conductor from the body when the electromedical needle is inserted into the body, said selected portion'extending along the outer surface of the conductor from outside the body to the subsurface region when the electromedical needle is inserted into the body but not including said contact portion near the tapered end of the conductor; and a plurality of conductive elements fixedly supported on the outer surface of said insulating layer so as to be insulated from said conductor, each of said conductive elements being insulated from the other conductive elements and having a contact portion for contacting the subsurface region of the body so as to provide a plurality'of signal conduction paths to the subsurface region when the electromedical needle is inserted into the body.

Description

April 11, 1967 J. A. CHESEBROUGH ETAL 3,313,293
' MULTI-ELECTRODE NEEDLE Filed Jan. 13, 1964- INSULATORS INSULATOR Fiure 2 INVENTORS JAMES A. CHESEBROUGH FRANK T. URA
BY Q. Q.
AGENT United States Patent 3,313,293 MULTI-ELECTRODE NEEDLE James A. Chesebrough, Los Altos Hills, and Frank T. Ura, Palo Alto, Calif., assignors to Hewlett-Packard Company, Palo Alto, Calif., a corporation of California Filed Jan. 13, 1964, Ser. No. 337,234
7 Claims. (Cl. 1282.1)
I This invention relates to multi-electrode needles.
One type of multi-electrode needle is conventionally used in electromyography. It has a plurality of platinum electrodes insulated from each other and molded into a stainless steel cannula at selected distances from the insertion end thereof. Separate shielded cables disposed within the cannula connect the platinum electrodes to a multi contact connector. When the needle is inserted into a muscle the platinum electrodes detect the signal from one or more motor units in different layers of muscle tissue. However, the stainless steel'cannula, being a conductor, short circuits the layers of muscle tissue it penetrates thereby reducing the effectiveness of the multielectrode needle. Additionally, if a small diameter cannula is used to facilitate insertion, the surface area of the electrodes is seriously limited. The number of electrodes is limited because of the cabling required within the cannula.
It is the principal object of this invention to an improved multi-electrode needle.
In accordance with the illustrated embodiment of this invention there is provided a slender conductive rod having a pointed and a blunt end. Insulators and conductors are disposed on selected portions of the rod to form a plurality of longitudinal electrodes insulated from each other. A multi-contact connector is attached to the blunt end of the rod. Shielded cables connect the contacts of this connector with the ends of the electrodes closest thereto.
Other and incidental objects of this invention will be apparent from a readingof this specification and an inspection of the accompanying drawing in which:
FIGURE 1 is an exaggerated pictorial View of a multielectrode needle according to one embodiment of this invention; and
FIGURE 2 is an exaggerated pictorial View of another embodiment of this invention.
Referring to FIGURE 1 there is shown an electrode 10 comprising a small diameter conductive rod having a pointed and a blunt end. Electrode 10 may be either hollow or solid and has an insulating layer 12 fixed coaxially thereon. Insulating layer 12 encompasses all of electrode 10 except the pointed end and an annular portion at the blunt end, which serve as terminals for the electrode 10. Conducting layer 14 and insulating layer 16 are alternately deposited in the same manner so that each encompasses all but a selected annular portion at either extremity of the preceeding layer... Conducting layer 14 is therefore an insulated electrode having annular terminals of a selected surface area. Additional conducting provide and insulating layers 18 and 20 respectively are similarly deposited to provide as many insulated electrodes as desired.
The thickness of the insulating and conducting layers is only of the order of one-half to one micron. Thus a small diameter needle having a great number of electrodes can be formed with layers of any insulating and conducting material which can be fixed to an elongated rod by evaporation or other techniques. For example, a metal such as aluminum may be deposited to form both the conducting and insulating layers by anodizing alternate layers.
The exposed portions or terminals of the electrodes 10, 14 and 18 have selected surface areas and are disposed at selected distances from the pointed end of electrode 10. Electrode terminals disposed nearest the pointed end of electrode 10 form portions of the penetration surface of the multi-electrode needle which has a normal depth of penetration 22. Shielded cables 24 connect the electrode terminals disposed nearest the blunt end of electrode 10 to the contacts 26 of multi-contact connector 28, which is attached to the blunt end of electrode 10.
The multi-electrode needle of FIGURE 1 is useful in many applications either to detect a signal or to introduce a signal applied thereto. In electromyography the multielectrode needle is inserted into a muscle to detect low frequency A.-C. and D.-C. signals from one or more motor units in different layers of muscle tissue. The layers of insulating material 12, 16, and 20 prevent the shorting effect between the layers of muscle tissue pene-- 'URE 2. Referring to FIGURE 2 there is shown a small diameter electrode 30 comprising a conductive rod having a pointedand a blunt end. An insulating layer 32 is deposited coaxially on electrode 30- encompassing all but the pointed end and an annular portion at the blunt end thereof. If desired, insulating layer 32 might also be extended to insulatethe pointed end of electrode 30.
However, the same eifect could be achieved by using a rod made of insulating rather than conducting material. Conducting material is deposited in longitudinal bars around the periphery of insulating layer 32 to form electrodes 34. A multi-contact connector 36 is attached to the blunt end of electrode 30. Shielded cables 38 connect the contacts 40 of multi-contact connector 36 to the terminal ends of electrodes 30 and 34 closest thereto.
We claim:
1. An electromedical needle for insertion into an animal body to provide a plurality of signal conduction paths to a subsurface region of the body, comprising:
a hollow elongated conductor adapted for insertion into the body to provide a first signal conduction path to the subsurface region of the body, said conductor having a tapered end for piercing the body and having a contact portion near the tapered end for contacting the subsurface region of the body;
an insulating layer fixedly supported on the outer surface of said conductor for insulating a selected portion of the conductor from the body when the electromedical needle is inserted into the body, said selected portion extending along the outer surface of the conductor from outside the body to the subsurface region When the electromedical needle is inserted into the body but not including said contact portion near the tapered end of the conductor; and
a conductive layer fixedly supported on the outer surface -of said insulating layer for providing a second signal conduction path to the subsurface region of the body, said conductive layer being insulated from said conductor by the insulating layer and including a contact portion for contacting the subsurface region of the body when the electromedical needle is inserted into the body.
2. An electromedical needle as in claim 1 including another insulating layer fixedly supported on the outer surface of said conductive layer for insulating a selected portion of the conductive layer from the body when the electromedical needle is inserted into the body, said selected portion of the conductive layer extending along the outer surface of the conductive layer from outside the body to the subsurface region when the electromedical tacting the subsurface region of the body at a different depth below the surface of the body when the electromedical needle is inserted into the body.
5. An electromedical needle for insertion into an animal body to provide a plurality of signal conduction paths to a subsurface region of the body, comprising:
an elongated conductor adapted for insertion into the body to provide a first signal conduction path to the subsurface region of the body, said conductor having a tapered end for piercing the body and having a contact portion near the tapered end for contacting the subsurface region of the body;
an insulating layer fixedly supported on the outer surface of said conductor for insulating a selected portion of the conductor from the body when the electromedical needle is inserted into the body, said selected portion'extending along the outer surface of the conductor from outside the body to the subsurface region when the electromedical needle is inserted into the body but not including said contact portion near the tapered end of the conductor; and a plurality of conductive elements fixedly supported on the outer surface of said insulating layer so as to be insulated from said conductor, each of said conductive elements being insulated from the other conductive elements and having a contact portion for contacting the subsurface region of the body so as to provide a plurality'of signal conduction paths to the subsurface region when the electromedical needle is inserted into the body.
6. An electromedical needle as in claim 5 wherein said insulating layer and said conductive elements are each substantially less than a mil in thickness.
7. An electromedical needle as in claim 6 wherein said contact portion of said conductor and said contact portions of said plurality of conductive elements are each positioned for contacting the subsurface region of the body at a different depth below the surface of the body when the electromedical needle is inserted into the body.
References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,442,805 6/1948 Gilson 1282.l 2,516,882 8/1950 Kalom 1:282.1 2,637,316 5/1953 Grez 128-2 .1 2,763,935 9/1956 Whaley et a1. 1282.1 X 3,098,813 7/1963 Beebe et a1. 1282.1 X
RICHARD A. GAUDET, Primary Examiner.
SIMON BRODER, Examiner.

Claims (1)

1. AN ELECTROMEDICAL NEEDLE FOR INSERTION INTO AN ANIMAL BODY TO PROVIDE A PLURALITY OF SIGNAL CONDUCTION PATHS TO A SUBSURFACE REGION OF THE BODY, COMPRISING: A HOLLOW ELONGATED CONDUCTOR ADAPTED FOR INSERTION INTO THE BODY TO PROVIDE A FIRST SIGNAL CONDUCTION PATH TO THE SUBSURFACE REGION OF THE BODY, SAID CONDUCTOR HAVING A TAPERED END FOR PIERCING THE BODY AND HAVING A CONTACT PORTION NEAR THE TAPERED END FOR CONTACTING THE SUBSURFACE REGION OF THE BODY; AN INSULATING LAYER FIXEDLY SUPPORTED ON THE OUTER SURFACE OF SAID CONDUCTOR FOR INSULATING A SELECTED PORTION OF THE CONDUCTOR FROM THE BODY WHEN THE ELECTROMEDICAL NEEDLE IS INSERTED INTO THE BODY, SAID SELECTED PORTION EXTENDING ALONG THE OUTER SURFACE OF THE CONDUCTOR FROM OUTSIDE THE BODY TO THE SUBSURFACE REGION WHEN THE ELECTROMEDICAL NEEDLE IS INSERTED INTO THE BODY BUT NOT INCLUDING SAID CONTACT PORTION NEAR THE TAPERED END OF THE CONDUCTOR; AND A CONDUCTIVE LAYER FIXEDLY SUPPORTED ON THE OUTER SURFACE OF SAID INSULATING LAYER FOR PROVIDING A SECOND SIGNAL CONDUCTION PATH TO THE SUBSURFACE REGION OF THE BODY, SAID CONDUCTIVE LAYER BEING INSULATED FROM SAID CONDUCTOR BY THE INSULATING LAYER AND INCLUDING A CONTACT PORTION FOR CONTACTING THE SUBSURFACE REGION OF THE BODY WHEN THE ELECTROMEDICAL NEEDLE IS INSERTED INTO THE BODY.
US337234A 1964-01-13 1964-01-13 Multi-electrode needle Expired - Lifetime US3313293A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US337234A US3313293A (en) 1964-01-13 1964-01-13 Multi-electrode needle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US337234A US3313293A (en) 1964-01-13 1964-01-13 Multi-electrode needle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3313293A true US3313293A (en) 1967-04-11

Family

ID=23319680

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US337234A Expired - Lifetime US3313293A (en) 1964-01-13 1964-01-13 Multi-electrode needle

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US3313293A (en)

Cited By (66)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3436329A (en) * 1964-12-11 1969-04-01 Beckman Instruments Inc Microelectrode and method of making same
US3682162A (en) * 1968-12-13 1972-08-08 Wellcome Found Combined electrode and hypodermic syringe needle
US3769984A (en) * 1971-03-11 1973-11-06 Sherwood Medical Ind Inc Pacing catheter with frictional fit lead attachment
US3844276A (en) * 1973-07-19 1974-10-29 J Mcdougall Probe and method for detecting estrus in animals
US3957036A (en) * 1975-02-03 1976-05-18 Baylor College Of Medicine Method and apparatus for recording activity in intact nerves
US4155353A (en) * 1976-11-18 1979-05-22 Davis William E Electrode and method for laryngeal electromyography
US4157710A (en) * 1978-02-13 1979-06-12 Abitbol Moise M Abdominal electrode for fetal monitoring
US4224949A (en) * 1977-11-17 1980-09-30 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Method and electrical resistance probe for detection of estrus in bovine
DE2919390A1 (en) * 1979-05-14 1980-11-20 Olympus Optical Co Trocar for abdominal cavity endoscopy - has pressure sensors on and behind pointed tip, connected to visual indicator and warning circuit
US4355642A (en) * 1980-11-14 1982-10-26 Physio-Control Corporation Multipolar electrode for body tissue
US4411657A (en) * 1980-05-19 1983-10-25 Anibal Galindo Hypodermic needle
WO1984000692A1 (en) * 1982-08-06 1984-03-01 Sterimed Gmbh Puncture and catheter device for human or animal bodies
US4562846A (en) * 1983-09-15 1986-01-07 Duke University System and process for monitoring myocardial integrity
US4573473A (en) * 1984-04-13 1986-03-04 Cordis Corporation Cardiac mapping probe
US4665927A (en) * 1985-07-22 1987-05-19 Pat O. Daily Intraoperative temperature probe
US4690152A (en) * 1985-10-23 1987-09-01 American Mediscan, Inc. Apparatus for epithelial tissue impedance measurements
US4706679A (en) * 1986-01-27 1987-11-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Disposable monitor for an EEG head set
US4928695A (en) * 1989-02-17 1990-05-29 Leon Goldman Laser diagnostic and treatment device
US5042482A (en) * 1989-02-14 1991-08-27 Medelec, Inc. Disposable monopolar needle assembly
US5103556A (en) * 1988-05-05 1992-04-14 Circon Corporation Method of manufacturing an electrohydraulic probe
US5154722A (en) * 1988-05-05 1992-10-13 Circon Corporation Electrohydraulic probe having a controlled discharge path
US5161533A (en) * 1991-09-19 1992-11-10 Xomed-Treace Inc. Break-apart needle electrode system for monitoring facial EMG
US5306236A (en) * 1993-02-18 1994-04-26 Vickers Plc Needle electrode for use with hypodermic syringe attachment
US5320101A (en) * 1988-12-22 1994-06-14 Biofield Corp. Discriminant function analysis method and apparatus for disease diagnosis and screening with biopsy needle sensor
US5397344A (en) * 1992-12-22 1995-03-14 Schering Aktiengesellschaft Methods of and apparatus for measuring uterine electrical and mechanical activity
US5509419A (en) * 1992-09-25 1996-04-23 Ep Technologies, Inc. Cardiac mapping and ablation systems
US5554176A (en) * 1986-05-15 1996-09-10 Telectronics Pacing Systems, Inc. Implantable electrode and sensor lead apparatus
US5853373A (en) * 1996-08-05 1998-12-29 Becton, Dickinson And Company Bi-level charge pulse apparatus to facilitate nerve location during peripheral nerve block procedures
US5928159A (en) * 1995-03-03 1999-07-27 Neothermia Corporation Apparatus and method for characterization and treatment of tumors
US5991649A (en) * 1992-12-22 1999-11-23 University Of Texas Methods for activating the muscle cells or nerves of the uterus or cervix
US6306100B1 (en) 1997-12-16 2001-10-23 Richard L. Prass Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring system
US6356783B1 (en) * 1997-11-20 2002-03-12 David R. Hubbard, Jr. Multi-electrode and needle injection device for diagnosis and treatment of muscle injury and pain
US6356777B1 (en) 1992-12-22 2002-03-12 Schering Aktiengesellschaft Methods of and apparatus for activating the muscle cells or nerves of the uterus or cervix
US20030088185A1 (en) * 2001-11-06 2003-05-08 Prass Richard L. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring system
US20040167458A1 (en) * 2002-03-07 2004-08-26 Ruxandra Draghia-Akli Electrode assembly for constant-current electroporation and use
US20050052630A1 (en) * 2002-03-07 2005-03-10 Advisys, Inc. Constant current electroporation device and methods of use
US20050261602A1 (en) * 2004-05-18 2005-11-24 Excel-Tech Ltd. Needle having multiple electrodes
US20050268916A1 (en) * 2004-05-18 2005-12-08 Mumford John R Mask assembly with integrated sensors
US20060030849A1 (en) * 2004-08-05 2006-02-09 Vnus Medical Technologies, Inc. Methods and apparatus for coagulating and/or constricting hollow anatomical structures
US20060189979A1 (en) * 2005-02-23 2006-08-24 Esch Brady D Methods and apparatus for coagulating and/or constricting hollow anatomical structures
US20060258930A1 (en) * 2004-05-18 2006-11-16 Jianping Wu Device for use in sleep stage determination using frontal electrodes
US20070208269A1 (en) * 2004-05-18 2007-09-06 Mumford John R Mask assembly, system and method for determining the occurrence of respiratory events using frontal electrode array
US20070287950A1 (en) * 2006-02-11 2007-12-13 Rune Kjeken Device and method for single-needle in vivo electroporation
US20080154111A1 (en) * 2006-12-22 2008-06-26 Jianping Wu Method, system and device for sleep stage determination using frontal electrodes
US20080183068A1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-07-31 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Integrated Visualization of Surgical Navigational and Neural Monitoring Information
US20080183189A1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-07-31 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Surgical navigational and neuromonitoring instrument
US20080183074A1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-07-31 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Method and apparatus for coordinated display of anatomical and neuromonitoring information
US20080183190A1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-07-31 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Integrated surgical navigational and neuromonitoring system having automated surgical assistance and control
US20080183188A1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-07-31 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Integrated Surgical Navigational and Neuromonitoring System
US20090171304A1 (en) * 2007-12-31 2009-07-02 Hong Cao Coated hypodermic needle
US20100212155A1 (en) * 2003-10-17 2010-08-26 Uppsala Lakarkonsult Ab Multielectrode
US20100268054A1 (en) * 2007-06-05 2010-10-21 Med-El Elektromedizinische Geraete Gmbh Electrode Configuration and Measuring Device for Measuring the Electrical Activity in Electrically Active Tissue
US20110166519A1 (en) * 2010-01-04 2011-07-07 Tyco Healthcare Group, L.P. Apparatus and methods for treating hollow anatomical structures
US20130184551A1 (en) * 2012-01-13 2013-07-18 Jude V. Paganelli Neuromonitoring dilator
US20150216442A1 (en) * 2012-07-24 2015-08-06 Lev Lavy Multilayer coaxial probe for impedance spatial contrast measurement
IT201600089088A1 (en) * 2016-09-01 2018-03-01 Luciano Forino SUBCUTANEOUS NEEDLE FOR ELECTRO-NEURO-STIMULATION
US9949651B2 (en) 2011-11-01 2018-04-24 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring system
WO2018185362A1 (en) * 2017-04-05 2018-10-11 Tapani Salmi Method and device for selective multichannel measurement in electromyography
US11026627B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2021-06-08 Cadwell Laboratories, Inc. Surgical instruments for determining a location of a nerve during a procedure
US11177610B2 (en) 2017-01-23 2021-11-16 Cadwell Laboratories, ino. Neuromonitoring connection system
US11246637B2 (en) * 2020-05-11 2022-02-15 Alphatec Spine, Inc. Stimulating targeting needle
US11253182B2 (en) 2018-05-04 2022-02-22 Cadwell Laboratories, Inc. Apparatus and method for polyphasic multi-output constant-current and constant-voltage neurophysiological stimulation
US11432733B2 (en) * 2019-03-13 2022-09-06 Blossom Innovations Tissue detection devices, systems and methods
US11443649B2 (en) 2018-06-29 2022-09-13 Cadwell Laboratories, Inc. Neurophysiological monitoring training simulator
US11478180B2 (en) 2015-10-14 2022-10-25 University Of Newcastle Upon Tyne Probe response signals
US11624050B2 (en) * 2019-08-21 2023-04-11 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Microneedle array electroporation system for cell transfection

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2442805A (en) * 1945-02-26 1948-06-08 Burdick Corp Metal locator
US2516882A (en) * 1948-01-22 1950-08-01 Kalom Lawrence Electrical probe
US2637316A (en) * 1950-07-31 1953-05-05 Armand C Grez Electrical measuring apparatus
US2763935A (en) * 1954-06-11 1956-09-25 Purdne Res Foundation Determining depth of layers of fat and of muscle on an animal body
US3098813A (en) * 1959-02-06 1963-07-23 Beckman Instruments Inc Electrode

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2442805A (en) * 1945-02-26 1948-06-08 Burdick Corp Metal locator
US2516882A (en) * 1948-01-22 1950-08-01 Kalom Lawrence Electrical probe
US2637316A (en) * 1950-07-31 1953-05-05 Armand C Grez Electrical measuring apparatus
US2763935A (en) * 1954-06-11 1956-09-25 Purdne Res Foundation Determining depth of layers of fat and of muscle on an animal body
US3098813A (en) * 1959-02-06 1963-07-23 Beckman Instruments Inc Electrode

Cited By (101)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3436329A (en) * 1964-12-11 1969-04-01 Beckman Instruments Inc Microelectrode and method of making same
US3682162A (en) * 1968-12-13 1972-08-08 Wellcome Found Combined electrode and hypodermic syringe needle
US3769984A (en) * 1971-03-11 1973-11-06 Sherwood Medical Ind Inc Pacing catheter with frictional fit lead attachment
US3844276A (en) * 1973-07-19 1974-10-29 J Mcdougall Probe and method for detecting estrus in animals
US3957036A (en) * 1975-02-03 1976-05-18 Baylor College Of Medicine Method and apparatus for recording activity in intact nerves
US4155353A (en) * 1976-11-18 1979-05-22 Davis William E Electrode and method for laryngeal electromyography
US4224949A (en) * 1977-11-17 1980-09-30 Cornell Research Foundation, Inc. Method and electrical resistance probe for detection of estrus in bovine
US4157710A (en) * 1978-02-13 1979-06-12 Abitbol Moise M Abdominal electrode for fetal monitoring
DE2919390A1 (en) * 1979-05-14 1980-11-20 Olympus Optical Co Trocar for abdominal cavity endoscopy - has pressure sensors on and behind pointed tip, connected to visual indicator and warning circuit
US4411657A (en) * 1980-05-19 1983-10-25 Anibal Galindo Hypodermic needle
US4355642A (en) * 1980-11-14 1982-10-26 Physio-Control Corporation Multipolar electrode for body tissue
WO1984000692A1 (en) * 1982-08-06 1984-03-01 Sterimed Gmbh Puncture and catheter device for human or animal bodies
US4562846A (en) * 1983-09-15 1986-01-07 Duke University System and process for monitoring myocardial integrity
US4573473A (en) * 1984-04-13 1986-03-04 Cordis Corporation Cardiac mapping probe
US4665927A (en) * 1985-07-22 1987-05-19 Pat O. Daily Intraoperative temperature probe
US4690152A (en) * 1985-10-23 1987-09-01 American Mediscan, Inc. Apparatus for epithelial tissue impedance measurements
US4706679A (en) * 1986-01-27 1987-11-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Disposable monitor for an EEG head set
US5554176A (en) * 1986-05-15 1996-09-10 Telectronics Pacing Systems, Inc. Implantable electrode and sensor lead apparatus
US5154722A (en) * 1988-05-05 1992-10-13 Circon Corporation Electrohydraulic probe having a controlled discharge path
US5103556A (en) * 1988-05-05 1992-04-14 Circon Corporation Method of manufacturing an electrohydraulic probe
US5320101A (en) * 1988-12-22 1994-06-14 Biofield Corp. Discriminant function analysis method and apparatus for disease diagnosis and screening with biopsy needle sensor
US5042482A (en) * 1989-02-14 1991-08-27 Medelec, Inc. Disposable monopolar needle assembly
US4928695A (en) * 1989-02-17 1990-05-29 Leon Goldman Laser diagnostic and treatment device
US5161533A (en) * 1991-09-19 1992-11-10 Xomed-Treace Inc. Break-apart needle electrode system for monitoring facial EMG
US5509419A (en) * 1992-09-25 1996-04-23 Ep Technologies, Inc. Cardiac mapping and ablation systems
US5397344A (en) * 1992-12-22 1995-03-14 Schering Aktiengesellschaft Methods of and apparatus for measuring uterine electrical and mechanical activity
US5522877A (en) * 1992-12-22 1996-06-04 Schering Aktiengesellschaft Methods for measuring uterine electrical and mechanical activity
US5991649A (en) * 1992-12-22 1999-11-23 University Of Texas Methods for activating the muscle cells or nerves of the uterus or cervix
US6356777B1 (en) 1992-12-22 2002-03-12 Schering Aktiengesellschaft Methods of and apparatus for activating the muscle cells or nerves of the uterus or cervix
US5306236A (en) * 1993-02-18 1994-04-26 Vickers Plc Needle electrode for use with hypodermic syringe attachment
US5928159A (en) * 1995-03-03 1999-07-27 Neothermia Corporation Apparatus and method for characterization and treatment of tumors
US5853373A (en) * 1996-08-05 1998-12-29 Becton, Dickinson And Company Bi-level charge pulse apparatus to facilitate nerve location during peripheral nerve block procedures
US6356783B1 (en) * 1997-11-20 2002-03-12 David R. Hubbard, Jr. Multi-electrode and needle injection device for diagnosis and treatment of muscle injury and pain
US6678550B2 (en) * 1997-11-20 2004-01-13 Myolink, Llc Multi electrode and needle injection device for diagnosis and treatment of muscle injury and pain
US6306100B1 (en) 1997-12-16 2001-10-23 Richard L. Prass Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring system
US20030088185A1 (en) * 2001-11-06 2003-05-08 Prass Richard L. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring system
US7310546B2 (en) 2001-11-06 2007-12-18 Prass Richard L Artifact detection electrode
US7214197B2 (en) 2001-11-06 2007-05-08 Prass Richard L Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring system
US20040167458A1 (en) * 2002-03-07 2004-08-26 Ruxandra Draghia-Akli Electrode assembly for constant-current electroporation and use
US8209006B2 (en) 2002-03-07 2012-06-26 Vgx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Constant current electroporation device and methods of use
US7664545B2 (en) 2002-03-07 2010-02-16 Vgx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Electrode assembly for constant-current electroporation and use
US20060264807A1 (en) * 2002-03-07 2006-11-23 Advisys, Inc. Electrode assembly for constant-current electroporation and use
US20050052630A1 (en) * 2002-03-07 2005-03-10 Advisys, Inc. Constant current electroporation device and methods of use
US7245963B2 (en) 2002-03-07 2007-07-17 Advisys, Inc. Electrode assembly for constant-current electroporation and use
US20100212155A1 (en) * 2003-10-17 2010-08-26 Uppsala Lakarkonsult Ab Multielectrode
US8201327B2 (en) * 2003-10-17 2012-06-19 Uppsala Lakarkonsult Ab Multielectrode
US7575005B2 (en) 2004-05-18 2009-08-18 Excel-Tech Ltd. Mask assembly with integrated sensors
US7283866B2 (en) 2004-05-18 2007-10-16 Hatch Ltd Needle having multiple electrodes
US20050261602A1 (en) * 2004-05-18 2005-11-24 Excel-Tech Ltd. Needle having multiple electrodes
US20070208269A1 (en) * 2004-05-18 2007-09-06 Mumford John R Mask assembly, system and method for determining the occurrence of respiratory events using frontal electrode array
US20060258930A1 (en) * 2004-05-18 2006-11-16 Jianping Wu Device for use in sleep stage determination using frontal electrodes
US20050268916A1 (en) * 2004-05-18 2005-12-08 Mumford John R Mask assembly with integrated sensors
US20110144642A1 (en) * 2004-08-05 2011-06-16 Tyco Healthcare Group, Lp Method and apparatus for coagulating and/or constricting hollow anatomical structures
US7824408B2 (en) 2004-08-05 2010-11-02 Tyco Healthcare Group, Lp Methods and apparatus for coagulating and/or constricting hollow anatomical structures
US8721639B2 (en) 2004-08-05 2014-05-13 Covidien Lp Methods and apparatus for coagulating and/or constricting hollow anatomical structures
US20060030849A1 (en) * 2004-08-05 2006-02-09 Vnus Medical Technologies, Inc. Methods and apparatus for coagulating and/or constricting hollow anatomical structures
US8357157B2 (en) 2004-08-05 2013-01-22 Covidien Lp Methods and apparatus for coagulating and/or constricting hollow anatomical structures
US8083738B2 (en) 2004-08-05 2011-12-27 Tyco Healthcare Group Lp Method and apparatus for coagulating and/or constricting hollow anatomical structures
US20060189979A1 (en) * 2005-02-23 2006-08-24 Esch Brady D Methods and apparatus for coagulating and/or constricting hollow anatomical structures
US7625372B2 (en) * 2005-02-23 2009-12-01 Vnus Medical Technologies, Inc. Methods and apparatus for coagulating and/or constricting hollow anatomical structures
US20100152723A1 (en) * 2005-02-23 2010-06-17 Tyco Healthcare Group, Lp Methods and apparatus for coagulating and/or constricting hollow anatomical structures
US8361061B2 (en) 2005-02-23 2013-01-29 Covidien Lp Methods and apparatus for coagulating and/or constricting hollow anatomical structures
US8795266B2 (en) 2005-02-23 2014-08-05 Covidien Lp Methods and apparatus for coagulating and/or constricting hollow anatomical structures
US10369359B2 (en) * 2006-02-11 2019-08-06 Genetronics, Inc. Device and method for single-needle in vivo electroporation
US11331479B2 (en) 2006-02-11 2022-05-17 Inovio Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Device and method for single-needle in vivo electroporation
US20070287950A1 (en) * 2006-02-11 2007-12-13 Rune Kjeken Device and method for single-needle in vivo electroporation
US20080154111A1 (en) * 2006-12-22 2008-06-26 Jianping Wu Method, system and device for sleep stage determination using frontal electrodes
US8244340B2 (en) 2006-12-22 2012-08-14 Natus Medical Incorporated Method, system and device for sleep stage determination using frontal electrodes
US20080183190A1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-07-31 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Integrated surgical navigational and neuromonitoring system having automated surgical assistance and control
US20080183068A1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-07-31 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Integrated Visualization of Surgical Navigational and Neural Monitoring Information
US20080183189A1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-07-31 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Surgical navigational and neuromonitoring instrument
US7987001B2 (en) 2007-01-25 2011-07-26 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Surgical navigational and neuromonitoring instrument
US20080183074A1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-07-31 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Method and apparatus for coordinated display of anatomical and neuromonitoring information
US20080183188A1 (en) * 2007-01-25 2008-07-31 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Integrated Surgical Navigational and Neuromonitoring System
US8374673B2 (en) 2007-01-25 2013-02-12 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Integrated surgical navigational and neuromonitoring system having automated surgical assistance and control
US20100268054A1 (en) * 2007-06-05 2010-10-21 Med-El Elektromedizinische Geraete Gmbh Electrode Configuration and Measuring Device for Measuring the Electrical Activity in Electrically Active Tissue
US8774892B2 (en) * 2007-06-05 2014-07-08 Med-El Elektromedizinische Geraete Gmbh Electrode configuration and measuring device for measuring the electrical activity in electrically active tissue
US8255035B2 (en) * 2007-12-31 2012-08-28 St. Jude Medical, Atrial Fibrillation Division, Inc. Coated hypodermic needle
US20090171304A1 (en) * 2007-12-31 2009-07-02 Hong Cao Coated hypodermic needle
US8936631B2 (en) 2010-01-04 2015-01-20 Covidien Lp Apparatus and methods for treating hollow anatomical structures
US9616246B2 (en) 2010-01-04 2017-04-11 Covidien Lp Apparatus and methods for treating hollow anatomical structures
US20110166519A1 (en) * 2010-01-04 2011-07-07 Tyco Healthcare Group, L.P. Apparatus and methods for treating hollow anatomical structures
US20110166518A1 (en) * 2010-01-04 2011-07-07 Tyco Healthcare Group, L.P. Apparatus and methods for treating hollow anatomical structures
US9949651B2 (en) 2011-11-01 2018-04-24 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring system
US10980438B2 (en) 2011-11-01 2021-04-20 DePuy Synthes Products, LLC Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring system
US20130184551A1 (en) * 2012-01-13 2013-07-18 Jude V. Paganelli Neuromonitoring dilator
US20150216442A1 (en) * 2012-07-24 2015-08-06 Lev Lavy Multilayer coaxial probe for impedance spatial contrast measurement
US11026627B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2021-06-08 Cadwell Laboratories, Inc. Surgical instruments for determining a location of a nerve during a procedure
US11478180B2 (en) 2015-10-14 2022-10-25 University Of Newcastle Upon Tyne Probe response signals
IT201600089088A1 (en) * 2016-09-01 2018-03-01 Luciano Forino SUBCUTANEOUS NEEDLE FOR ELECTRO-NEURO-STIMULATION
US11177610B2 (en) 2017-01-23 2021-11-16 Cadwell Laboratories, ino. Neuromonitoring connection system
US11949188B2 (en) 2017-01-23 2024-04-02 Cadwell Laboratories, Inc. Methods for concurrently forming multiple electrical connections in a neuro-monitoring system
GB2574358A (en) * 2017-04-05 2019-12-04 Salmi Tapani Method and device for selective multichannel measurement in electromyography
GB2574358B (en) * 2017-04-05 2022-05-25 Knf Laboratoriot Oy Method and device for selective multichannel measurement in electromyography
WO2018185362A1 (en) * 2017-04-05 2018-10-11 Tapani Salmi Method and device for selective multichannel measurement in electromyography
US11253182B2 (en) 2018-05-04 2022-02-22 Cadwell Laboratories, Inc. Apparatus and method for polyphasic multi-output constant-current and constant-voltage neurophysiological stimulation
US11443649B2 (en) 2018-06-29 2022-09-13 Cadwell Laboratories, Inc. Neurophysiological monitoring training simulator
US11432733B2 (en) * 2019-03-13 2022-09-06 Blossom Innovations Tissue detection devices, systems and methods
US11624050B2 (en) * 2019-08-21 2023-04-11 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Microneedle array electroporation system for cell transfection
US11246637B2 (en) * 2020-05-11 2022-02-15 Alphatec Spine, Inc. Stimulating targeting needle
US11819254B2 (en) 2020-05-11 2023-11-21 Alphatec Spine, Inc. Stimulating targeting needle

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US3313293A (en) Multi-electrode needle
US4630611A (en) Orthogonally-sensing lead
US4487992A (en) Shielded electrical cable
US3572344A (en) Electrode apparatus with lead construction
US4690155A (en) Monophasic action potential recording lead
US4323721A (en) Electric cables with improved shielding member
DE69530338T2 (en) Flexible multi-parameter cable
US20030074031A1 (en) Micro terminal connector
US4490574A (en) Electrical cable
CA2226445A1 (en) Method and assembly of member and terminal
GB1219017A (en) Electrical conductor adapted for implantation the human body
CA2078647A1 (en) Break-apart needle electrode system
JPS6260569A (en) Heart pace maker electrode
Nagai et al. Patterns of conduction in smooth muscle
US3413405A (en) Electrical shielding tape
GB1297474A (en)
CN104956449A (en) Interconnect cable having insulated wires with a conductive coating
US2924213A (en) Electrical probe
US3205295A (en) Electrical connector
US6422893B1 (en) Electrical connector and cable
SU524540A3 (en) Electrical connector with a device for testing electrical connections between the respective ends of the connector wires
FR2453630A1 (en) Probe for examination of colon - uses series of electrodes for detecting state of movement within colon
CN109792111A (en) For not terminating the electric connector of cable
DE10217828A1 (en) electrode line
JPH0541413Y2 (en)