US20110125266A1 - Spinal Surgical Implant and Related Methods - Google Patents

Spinal Surgical Implant and Related Methods Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20110125266A1
US20110125266A1 US12/317,867 US31786708A US2011125266A1 US 20110125266 A1 US20110125266 A1 US 20110125266A1 US 31786708 A US31786708 A US 31786708A US 2011125266 A1 US2011125266 A1 US 2011125266A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
implant
disc space
longitudinal axis
trailing
leading
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
US12/317,867
Other versions
US9101491B2 (en
Inventor
W. Blake Rodgers
Matthew Curran
Benjamin Arnold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nuvasive Inc
Original Assignee
Nuvasive Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US12/317,867 priority Critical patent/US9101491B2/en
Application filed by Nuvasive Inc filed Critical Nuvasive Inc
Assigned to NUVASIVE, INC. reassignment NUVASIVE, INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ARNOLD, BENJAMIN, CURRAN, MATTHEW, RODGERS, W. BLAKE
Publication of US20110125266A1 publication Critical patent/US20110125266A1/en
Priority to US14/823,329 priority patent/US9943415B2/en
Publication of US9101491B2 publication Critical patent/US9101491B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Assigned to BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT reassignment BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT NOTICE OF GRANT OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS Assignors: Impulse Monitoring, Inc., NUVASIVE, INC.
Assigned to BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT reassignment BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT NOTICE OF GRANT OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS Assignors: BIOTRONIC NATIONAL, LLC, NUVASIVE CLINICAL SERVICES MONITORING, INC., NUVASIVE CLINICAL SERVICES, INC., NUVASIVE SPECIALIZED ORTHOPEDICS, INC., NUVASIVE, INC.
Priority to US15/918,316 priority patent/US10898339B2/en
Assigned to BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT reassignment BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT SECURITY INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: NUVASIVE CLINICAL SERVICES MONITORING, INC., NUVASIVE CLINICAL SERVICES, INC., NUVASIVE SPECIALIZED ORTHOPEDICS, INC., NUVASIVE, INC.
Priority to US17/123,519 priority patent/US20210128314A1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/442Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient
    • A61F2/4425Intervertebral or spinal discs, e.g. resilient made of articulated components
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/4455Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
    • A61F2/447Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages substantially parallelepipedal, e.g. having a rectangular or trapezoidal cross-section
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4603Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2/4611Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof of spinal prostheses
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/28Bones
    • A61F2002/2835Bone graft implants for filling a bony defect or an endoprosthesis cavity, e.g. by synthetic material or biological material
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30003Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
    • A61F2002/3006Properties of materials and coating materials
    • A61F2002/3008Properties of materials and coating materials radio-opaque, e.g. radio-opaque markers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30462Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements retained or tied with a rope, string, thread, wire or cable
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30476Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
    • A61F2002/30492Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism using a locking pin
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30476Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
    • A61F2002/305Snap connection
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30476Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism
    • A61F2002/30507Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements locked by an additional locking mechanism using a threaded locking member, e.g. a locking screw or a set screw
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30565Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for having spring elements
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30316The prosthesis having different structural features at different locations within the same prosthesis; Connections between prosthetic parts; Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30593Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for hollow
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30621Features concerning the anatomical functioning or articulation of the prosthetic joint
    • A61F2002/30624Hinged joint, e.g. with transverse axle restricting the movement
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30772Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
    • A61F2002/30777Oblong apertures
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30772Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
    • A61F2002/30777Oblong apertures
    • A61F2002/30779Oblong apertures arcuate
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30772Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
    • A61F2002/30784Plurality of holes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30772Apertures or holes, e.g. of circular cross section
    • A61F2002/30784Plurality of holes
    • A61F2002/30785Plurality of holes parallel
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30841Sharp anchoring protrusions for impaction into the bone, e.g. sharp pins, spikes
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30878Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves with non-sharp protrusions, for instance contacting the bone for anchoring, e.g. keels, pegs, pins, posts, shanks, stems, struts
    • A61F2002/30879Ribs
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • A61F2/30771Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves
    • A61F2002/30904Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth applied in original prostheses, e.g. holes or grooves serrated profile, i.e. saw-toothed
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/3094Designing or manufacturing processes
    • A61F2002/30967Diffusion bonding
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2002/4415Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs elements of the prosthesis being arranged in a chain like manner
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2002/448Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs comprising multiple adjacent spinal implants within the same intervertebral space or within the same vertebra, e.g. comprising two adjacent spinal implants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2002/448Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs comprising multiple adjacent spinal implants within the same intervertebral space or within the same vertebra, e.g. comprising two adjacent spinal implants
    • A61F2002/4485Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs comprising multiple adjacent spinal implants within the same intervertebral space or within the same vertebra, e.g. comprising two adjacent spinal implants comprising three or more adjacent spinal implants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4603Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof
    • A61F2002/4625Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use
    • A61F2002/4628Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for insertion or extraction of endoprosthetic joints or of accessories thereof with relative movement between parts of the instrument during use with linear motion along or rotating motion about an axis transverse to the instrument axis or to the implantation direction, e.g. clamping
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00011Metals or alloys
    • A61F2310/00023Titanium or titanium-based alloys, e.g. Ti-Ni alloys
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2310/00Prostheses classified in A61F2/28 or A61F2/30 - A61F2/44 being constructed from or coated with a particular material
    • A61F2310/00005The prosthesis being constructed from a particular material
    • A61F2310/00179Ceramics or ceramic-like structures

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to spine surgery and, in particular, to a surgical implant for separating adjacent spinal vertebrae.
  • the spinal column is made up of individual vertebrae that provide support for the body and allow spinal movement. Between each vertebra sits a fibrocartilaginous disc that serves as a cushion and allows slight movement of the vertebrae.
  • Spinal fusion procedures are common surgical techniques used to correct problems with displaced, damaged, or degenerated discs due to trauma, disease, or aging. Currently estimates suggest there are approximately 500,000 to 750,000 spinal fusion procedures performed each year in the United States. Generally, spinal fusion procedures involve removing the diseased or damaged disc and inserting one or more intervertebral implants into the resulting disc space. Introducing the intervertebral implant restores the height between adjacent vertebrae, which reduces or eliminates neural impingement and pain commonly associated with a damaged or diseased disc.
  • the present invention includes a spinal fusion system for performing spinal fusion between adjacent lumbar vertebrae, including an exemplary spinal fusion implant.
  • the implant has a generally rectangular shape, with a leading element, a trailing element.
  • the leading element and the trailing element are connected via flexible element.
  • the flexible element allows the trailing element to move relative to the leading element (or vice versa).
  • trailing element (and/or leading element) may bend from a neutral position in which the trailing element (and/or leading element) is aligned with the longitudinal axis L to a biased position in which the trailing element (and/or the leading element) deviates from the longitudinal axis L.
  • This flexibility allows the implant to adopt various temporary profiles that may be desirable, particularly during insertion.
  • the implant when the operative corridor used to access the disc space is offset or angled relative to the plane of the disc space the implant may transition from the offset access trajectory to the disc space in stages (e.g. the leading element may transition before the trailing element), thus protecting the vertebral endplates during insertion.
  • the flexible element should thus be flexible enough to allow the trailing element to bend appropriately without effecting the overall integrity and strength of the implant.
  • the flexible element may comprise any number of suitable forms including, but not limited to a spring, a textile body, and an elastomeric body.
  • the leading element, trailing element, and flexible element may be formed of a single component. Alternatively, leading element, trailing element, and flexible element may comprise separate components. It will be appreciated that any manner of mechanisms or techniques may be used attach the flexible element to the leading element and trailing element.
  • the flexible element may be attached via mechanical fasteners (e.g. snaps, rivets, screws, pins, etc . . . ), chemical bonding, thermal bonding, adhesives, and molding.
  • the implant is preferably configured for lateral introduction into the disc space.
  • the implant may be particularly advantageous for implanting positioning the implant at L5-S1 via a lateral approach.
  • the operative corridor may be created using any know tissue distraction and/or tissue retraction systems. The skin entry position depends upon individual patient anatomy but should be positioned just superior to the iliac crest. The distal end of the tissue distraction/retraction system may then be advanced at an angle towards the L5-S1 disc space, avoiding the iliac crest and thereafter opened to a final working corridor.
  • the intervertebral space may be prepared via any number of well known preparation tools, including but not limited to kerrisons, rongeurs, pituitaries, and rasps.
  • the preparation tools may utilize distal working ends angularly offset from the longitudinal axis of the tool shafts to facilitate entry into the disc space through the angled operative corridor.
  • the implant is preferably advanced through the operative corridor in the neutral position (i.e. with leading element and trailing element aligned with the longitudinal axis L and the operative corridor).
  • the flexible element permits the trailing element to move relative to the leading element as the leading element enters the disc space.
  • the longitudinal axis L of the implant is permitted to rotate into alignment with the disc space, despite the small height of the disc space relative to the length of the implant and any space constraints in the operative corridor and the implant may be advanced into the disc space without causing damage.
  • leading element and trailing element are connected by an articulating element.
  • the articulating element allows the trailing element to move relative to the leading element (or vice versa).
  • the articulating element may be constructed of any suitable biocompatible material, but preferably, comprises the same material as leading element and trailing element.
  • One articulating element preferably attaches to an interior surface of both sidewalls on each side of the implant. By attaching the articulating element to the interior surface of sidewalls the outer dimensions of implant may remain the same. Any number of additional articulation elements within one implant is also contemplated.
  • Intervening members may connect the articulating elements with the leading and trailing ends. The additional articulation elements allow the implant to advance into an intervertebral space at greater and greater angles, depending on the number of articulation elements.
  • leading element and trailing element may be connected via wires or tethers. Additional one or more additional element may be situated between the leading element and the trailing element. Various mechanisms for locking the elements together after insertion are also contemplated.
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of an implant having a first element and a second element movably connected about the longitudinal axis, according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the implant of FIG. 1 wherein an element of the implant is offset relative to the longitudinal axis, according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of the implant of FIG. 1 , according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4A is a side view of the implant of FIG. 1 being inserted to an intervertebral space through an operative corridor having an axis offset from the plane of the intervertebral space; according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4B is a side view of the implant of FIG. 4A with a first element positioned within and aligned with the plane of the disc space and a second element aligned with the axis of the operative corridor prior to being advanced into the disc space, an operative corridor having an axis offset from the plane of the intervertebral space; according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of the implant of FIG. 4A completely inserted into an intervertebral space, according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of an implant having a first element and a second element movably connected about the longitudinal axis, according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of the implant of FIG. 6 , according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of the implant in FIG. 6 , according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a top cross-sectional view of an implant having multiple elements movably connected about the longitudinal axis, according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a top view of an implant having multiple elements movably connected about the longitudinal axis, according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a side view of the implant of FIG. 9 , according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view of the implant of FIG. 9 , according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a top view of the implant of FIG. 9 , wherein the multiple elements are coupled in a locked position, according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view of the implant of FIG. 11 ; according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a side view of the implant of FIG. 11 , according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a side view of an implant having a first element and a second element movably connected about the longitudinal axis, according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a side view of the implant of FIG. 13 wherein an element of the implant is offset relative to the longitudinal axis, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a side view of the implant of FIG. 13 , wherein first and second elements are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the implant and are drawn tight together after positioning within an intervertebral disc space, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • an implant 10 for positioning within the intervertebral disc space between adjacent vertebral bodies of a spine.
  • the implant 10 when deposited in the disc space, facilitates spinal fusion and alleviates pain by restoring the disc space to a desired height while natural bone growth occurs through and/or past the implant 10 . Over time the bone growth results in the formation of a boney bridge between the adjacent vertebral bodies.
  • the implant 10 is particularly adapted for introduction into the disc space via a lateral (trans-psoas) approach to the spine.
  • the implant may nevertheless be introduced through any of a variety of other approaches (depending on the implant size), including posterior, anterior, antero-lateral, and postero-lateral approaches, without departing from the scope of the present invention.
  • the implant 10 includes a longitudinal axis L, a leading element 12 , a trailing element 16 , and a flexible element 14 extending along the longitudinal axis L.
  • the flexible element 14 is situated between the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 along the longitudinal axis L and connects the leading element 12 with the trailing element 16 .
  • the implant 10 may be provided in any number of sizes by varying one or more of the implant height, width, and length.
  • the implant may be provided with a length dimension ranging from 30 mm to 60 mm.
  • the implant may be provided with a width dimension ranging from 15 mm to 22 mm.
  • the implant may be provided with a height dimension ranging from 5 mm to 20 mm.
  • the size ranges described, by way of example only, are generally appropriate for implantation into the lumbar region of the spine.
  • the dimensions of the implant may be altered according to proportions of the particular patient. Further variation of the implant dimensions may be implemented to produce implants generally appropriate for implantation into either of the thoracic spine and the cervical spine.
  • the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 may be of bone or non-bone construction.
  • the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 may be cut and shaped from a suitable allograft bone.
  • the allograft source comprises a donor femur, however, it will be appreciated that any suitable bone may be used.
  • the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 may be comprised of any suitable bio-compatible material including, but not limited to, polymer compositions (e.g. poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) and/or poly-ether-ketone-ketone (PEKK) or any combination of PEEK and PEKK), and metals (e.g. titanium).
  • PEEK poly-ether-ether-ketone
  • PEKK poly-ether-ketone-ketone
  • metals e.g. titanium
  • the leading element 12 has a top surface 18 , a bottom surface 20 , opposing sidewalls 22 (which comprise an anterior side and a posterior side when the implant is positioned in the disc space), a distal end 24 , and a proximal end 26 .
  • the trailing element 16 has a top surface 28 , a bottom surface 30 , opposing sidewalls 32 (which comprise an anterior side and a posterior side when the implant is positioned in the disc space), a distal end 34 , and a proximal end 36 .
  • the opposing side walls 22 , 32 may be dimensioned with differing heights in order to promote the natural curvature of the spine.
  • the sidewalls 22 , 32 may be dimensioned such that the sidewalls comprising the anterior side when the implant is positioned in the disc space have a greater height than the sidewalls comprising the posterior side, thus restoring the lordotic curvature of the lumbar (and cervical) spine.
  • the sidewalls 22 , 32 may be dimensioned such that the sidewalls comprising the anterior side when the implant is positioned in the disc space have a lesser height than the sidewalls comprising the posterior side, thus restoring the kyphotic curvature of the thoracic spine.
  • the top surfaces 18 , 28 and bottom surfaces 20 , 30 may be provided in any number of suitable surface contours, including but not limited to generally planar, concave, and/or convex.
  • the leading element 12 and/or trailing element 16 may also include anti-migration features designed to increase the friction between the implant 10 and the adjacent contacting surfaces of the vertebral bodies. Such anti-migration features may include ridges or teeth 38 provided along the top surfaces 18 , 28 and/or bottom surface 20 , 30 . Additional anti-migration features may also include one or more spike elements 40 disposed at various locations along the implant 10 . In one embodiment, the implant 10 includes a total of 4 spike elements 40 extending through the upper surfaces 18 , 28 and the lower surfaces 20 , 30 . Spike elements 40 may be positioned near the “corners” of the implant 10 where the distal end 24 of leading element 12 meets sidewalls 22 and the proximal end 36 of trailing element 16 meets sidewalls 32 .
  • the spike elements 40 may be manufactured from any of a variety of suitable materials, including but not limited to a metal, ceramic, and/or polymer material, preferably having radiopaque characteristics.
  • the spike elements 40 may also take any of a variety of suitable shapes, including but not limited to a generally elongated element disposed within the implant 10 such that the ends thereof extend generally perpendicularly from the upper 18 , 28 and/or lower surfaces 20 , 30 .
  • the spike elements 40 When the spike elements 40 are provided having radiodense characteristics and the leading and trailing elements 12 , 16 are manufactured from a radiolucent material (such as, by way of example only, PEEK and/or PEKK), the spike elements 40 will be readily observable under X-ray or fluoroscopy such that a surgeon may track the progress of the implant 10 during implantation and/or the placement of the implant 10 after implantation.
  • a radiolucent material such as, by way of example only, PEEK and/or PEKK
  • the implant 10 may be configured with one or more fusion apertures 42 .
  • each of leading element 12 and trailing element 16 include a fusion aperture 42 extending in a vertical fashion through the top surface 18 , 28 and bottom surface 20 , 30 , respectively.
  • the fusion apertures 42 function primarily as an avenue for bony fusion between adjacent vertebrae.
  • the fusion apertures 42 may be provided in any of a variety of suitable shapes, including but not limited to the generally rectangular shape best viewed in FIG. 3 , or a generally circular, oblong and/or triangular shape or any combination thereof.
  • the spinal fusion implant 10 may have a plurality of visualization apertures 44 which allow a clinician to make visual observations of the degree of bony fusion un-obscured by the sidewalls 22 , 32 of the implant 10 to facilitate further diagnosis and treatment.
  • each of leading element 12 and trailing element 16 include at least one visualization aperture 44 .
  • Visualization apertures may be provided in any of a variety of suitable shapes, including but not limited to the generally oblong shape best viewed in FIGS. 1-2 , or a generally circular, rectangular and/or triangular shape or any combination thereof.
  • Fusion between the adjacent vertebrae may be facilitated or augmented by introducing or positioning various osteoinductive materials within the fusion apertures 42 and/or adjacent to the spinal fusion implant 10 .
  • Such osteoinductive materials may be introduced before, during, or after the insertion of the implant 10 , and may include (but are not necessarily limited to) autologous bone harvested from the patient receiving the spinal fusion implant 10 , bone allograft, bone xenograft, any number of non-bone implants (e.g. ceramic, metallic, polymer), bone morphogenic protein, and bio-resorbable compositions, including but not limited to any of a variety of poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) based polymers.
  • the leading element 12 and the trailing element 14 are connected via flexible element 14 .
  • Flexible element 14 allows the trailing element 16 to move relative to the leading element 12 (or vice versa).
  • trailing element 16 (and/or leading element 12 ) may bend from a neutral position in which the trailing element 16 (and/or leading element 12 ) is aligned with the longitudinal axis L to a biased position in which the trailing element (and/or the leading element 12 ) deviates from the longitudinal axis L by and angle ⁇ .
  • This flexibility allows the implant 10 to adopt various temporary profiles that may be desirable.
  • the implant 10 may transition from the offset access trajectory to the disc space in stages (e.g. the leading element 12 may transition before the trailing element 16 ), thus protecting the vertebral endplates during insertion.
  • the flexible element 14 should thus be flexible enough to allow the trailing element 16 to bend appropriately without effecting the overall integrity and strength of the implant 10 .
  • the flexible element 14 may comprise any number of suitable forms for providing the desired flexibility to the implant 10 .
  • flexible element 14 may comprise any one or a combination of, but not limited to a spring, a textile body (constructed, for example, via one or more of embroidery, weaving, three-dimensional weaving, knitting, three-dimensional knitting, injection molding, compression molding, cutting woven or knitted fabrics, etc.), and an elastomeric body.
  • leading element 12 , trailing element 16 , and flexible element 14 may be formed of a single component.
  • the entire implant 10 may be formed of polymer material (e.g. PEEK) and a central portion of the component may be machined in a manner that provides the necessary flexibility.
  • PEEK polymer material
  • leading element 12 , trailing element 16 , and flexible element 14 may comprise separate components. It will be appreciated that any manner of mechanisms or techniques may be used attach the flexible element 14 to the proximal end 26 of leading element 12 and distal end 34 of trailing element 16 , respectively.
  • flexible element 14 may be attached via mechanical fasteners (e.g. snaps, rivets, screws, pins, etc . . . ), chemical bonding, thermal bonding, adhesives, and molding.
  • the implant 10 is configured for lateral introduction into the disc space.
  • a lateral approach to the disc space can be highly advantageous over other approaches to the spine.
  • the iliac crest of the pelvis generally lies lateral to the L5-S1 disc space making a lateral approach to this spinal level (and thus the advantages that accompany a lateral approach) difficult to achieve in practice.
  • the implant 10 may be employed to advantageously access and fuse the L5-S1 disc space from a lateral approach, as will now be described. With the patient properly situated on the surgical table (preferably in the lateral decubitus position) an operative corridor is created to the L5-S1 disc space from a skin entry position located superior to L5-S1.
  • the operative corridor may be created using any know tissue distraction and/or tissue retraction systems 46 , such as, by way of example only, the tissue distraction and retraction assemblies shown and described in the commonly owned U.S. Pat. No. 7,207,949, the entire contents of which is incorporated by reference into this disclosure as if set forth fully herein.
  • the skin entry position depends upon individual patient anatomy but should be positioned just superior to the iliac crest.
  • the distal end of the tissue distraction/retraction system 46 may then be advanced at an angle towards the L5-S1 disc space, avoiding the iliac crest.
  • the operative corridor may be expanded by spreading the distraction/retraction system 46 to a final working configuration.
  • the distraction/retraction assembly may be advanced straight to the spine from the skin entry position, and thereafter adjusted to position the distal end of the distraction/retraction system (and thus the operative corridor) adjacent to the L5-S1 disc space.
  • the intervertebral space may be prepared via any number of well known preparation tools, including but not limited to kerrisons, rongeurs, pituitaries, and rasps.
  • the preparation tools may utilize distal working ends angularly offset from the longitudinal axis of the tool shafts to facilitate entry into the disc space through the angled operative corridor.
  • an insertion instrument 48 is utilized to advance the implant 10 through the operative corridor and into the intervertebral space. As illustrated in FIG. 4A , the implant 10 is preferably advanced through the operative corridor in the neutral position (i.e. with leading element 12 and trailing element 16 aligned with the longitudinal axis L).
  • the flexible element 14 permits the trailing element 16 to move relative to the leading element 12 as the leading element 12 enters the disc space.
  • the longitudinal axis L of the implant is permitted to rotate into alignment with the disc space, despite the small height of the disc space relative to the length of the implant and any space constraints in the operative corridor.
  • the implant 10 may thus be advance into the disc with a reduced risk of gouging or otherwise injuring the vertebral endplates and without requiring a portion of the vertebral body be removed to improve the entry angle into the intervertebral space.
  • the insertion instrument 48 may utilize any number of suitable means for engaging the trailing element 16 of implant 10 .
  • the insertion instrument 48 may utilize an angularly offset distal head and/or a flexible shaft. Once the entire implant 10 is inserted into the prepared space and resumes a generally neutral position, the implant 10 is released from the insertion instrument 48 , the tissue distraction/retraction system 46 removed, and the operative corridor closed, as depicted in FIG. 5 . As previously mentioned, additional materials may be included in the procedure before, during or after the insertion of the spinal fusion implant 10 to aid the natural fusion of the targeted spinal level.
  • implant 110 includes leading element 12 and trailing element 16 .
  • the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 are connected by an articulating element 50 .
  • the articulating element 50 allows the trailing element 16 to move relative to the leading element 12 (or vice versa).
  • trailing element 16 (and/or leading element 12 ) may bend from the neutral position in which the trailing element 16 (and/or leading element 12 ) is aligned with the longitudinal axis L to a biased position in which the trailing element (and/or the leading element 12 ) deviates from the longitudinal axis L.
  • Implant 110 may thus adopt various temporary profiles prior to and during insertion into the disc space.
  • the articulating element 50 may be constructed of any suitable biocompatible material, but preferably, comprises the same material as leading element 12 and trailing element 16 . As illustrated, one articulating element 50 preferably attaches to an interior surface of both sidewalls 22 and 32 on each side of the implant.
  • the outer dimensions of implant 110 may remain the same or similar to implant 10 , however, it will be appreciated that the articulating element 50 may also be attached along the outer surface of sidewalls 22 , 32 .
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an implant 210 according to another example embodiment.
  • Implant 210 is identical to implant 110 except that the length of at least one of the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 is shortened and at least one intervening member 54 is situated between leading element 12 and trailing element 16 on each side of the implant 210 . As shown, the implant 210 includes three intervening members 54 on each side. For each intervening member 54 added to implant 210 an additional articulating element 50 is also added. Thus, the implant 210 as pictured utilizes four articulating elements 50 on each side of the implant. Decreasing the length of the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 and adding articulating elements 50 and intervening members 54 increases the overall offset angle (of the surgical corridor relative to the plane of the disc space) from which the implant 210 may be safely implanted into the disc space.
  • Implant 310 includes a leading element 12 , a trailing element 16 , and a central element 56 .
  • Central element 56 includes a top surface 58 , a bottom surface 60 , opposing sidewalls 62 (which comprise an anterior side and a posterior side when the implant 310 is positioned in the disc space), a distal end 64 , and a proximal end 66 .
  • the leading element 12 , trailing element 16 , and central element 56 are loosely connected in an initial position via at least one wire 68 (and preferably, at least two wires 68 are utilized, as depicted herein) fixed to leading element 12 and passing through central element 56 and trailing element 16 , exiting from the proximal end 36 of trailing element 16 .
  • the wires 68 may be formed of any suitable material having flexibility enough to allow central element 56 and trailing element 16 to move relative to leading element 12 and each other.
  • wire 68 will also provide enough stiffness so that movement between the elements is controlled and not floppy. This controlled movement facilitates initial placement of the leading element 12 within the disc space.
  • the wires 68 may be formed of nitanol or other similar metals.
  • the leading, central, and trailing elements 12 , 56 , and 16 are further configured to interlock with one another upon final insertion of the implant 310 within the disc space.
  • central element 56 includes a male snap connector 70 extending from proximal end 66 and a female snap receptacle 72 formed within distal end 64 .
  • leading element 12 includes a male snap connector 74 complementary to the female snap receptacle 72 of central element 56 .
  • Trailing element 16 includes a female snap receptacle 76 within distal end 34 .
  • an operative corridor is created as described above.
  • the implant advanced all the way into the disc space with the aid of an insertion instrument. Similar to the implants described above, the flexible nature of the wires 68 allows the implant 310 to transition from the offset operative corridor into alignment with the disc space in stages.
  • the wires 68 which are fixed to leading element 12 may be pulled away from the disc space while pressure is applied to the trailing element 16 in a direction towards the disc space. This combined action draws the leading element and central element together, such that snap connector 74 engages in snap receptacle 72 , locking the leading element 12 and central element 56 together.
  • FIGS. 9-10 illustrate the implant 310 prior to locking the leading element 12 , central element 56 , and trailing element 16 together, while FIGS. 11-12 depict the implant in its final locked position.
  • FIGS. 13-15 depict yet another example embodiment of an implant 410 according to the present invention.
  • Implant 410 comprises leading element 12 and trailing element 16 .
  • Leading element 12 and a trailing element 16 are loosely connected by an embroidered tether 78 fixed to leading element 12 and passing through trailing element 16 .
  • an embroidered tether 78 fixed to leading element 12 and passing through trailing element 16 .
  • the tether may be comprised of wire similar to wires 68 described above.
  • the proximal side 26 of leading element 12 and distal side 34 of trailing element 16 are configured with complementary articulating surfaces 80 and 82 , respectively.
  • articulating surface 80 of leading element 12 comprises a convex extension of sidewalls 22 while the articulating surface 82 of trailing element 16 comprises a concave depression in sidewalls 32 .
  • articulating surface 80 could be a concave depression and articulating surface 82 could be a convex extension.
  • the complementary articulating surfaces 80 , 82 together with the loose connection provided by tether 78 permit the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 to move relative to each other, and again, like the implants described above, allows implant 410 to transition from alignment in an operative corridor to alignment with the disc space in stages when the disc space is angularly offset form the operative corridor.
  • the leading end 12 is advanced through the corridor until reaching the disc space, The orientation of the leading element is transitioned into alignment with the disc space and leading element 12 is positioned therein.
  • the leading implant 410 may be held slightly rigid to facilitate initial positioning of the leading element 12 in the disc space by pulling tether 78 and applying pressure to trailing element 16 with the aid of an insertion instrument. Thereafter, providing slack to the tether 78 allows the trailing element 16 to move relative to the leading element 12 such that the implant can again align with the disc space in stages.
  • the tether 78 may again be pulled while providing force in the opposite direction with the insertion tool. This draws the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 tightly together and the tether 78 may be tied or otherwise fixed at the proximal end 36 of trailing element 16 to maintain the elements 12 , 16 in snug configuration. The excess tether 78 may be removed.

Abstract

This invention relates generally to spine surgery and, in particular, to a surgical implant for separating adjacent spinal vertebrae.

Description

    CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
  • This non-provisional application claims the benefit of the filing date under 35 USC 119(e) to the commonly owned and copending U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/009,546, entitled “Spinal Surgical Implant and Relted Methods,” and filed on Dec. 28, 2007, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference as if set forth herein in its entirety.
  • BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • I. Field of the Invention
  • This invention relates generally to spine surgery and, in particular, to a surgical implant for separating adjacent spinal vertebrae.
  • II. Discussion of the Prior Art
  • The spinal column is made up of individual vertebrae that provide support for the body and allow spinal movement. Between each vertebra sits a fibrocartilaginous disc that serves as a cushion and allows slight movement of the vertebrae. Spinal fusion procedures are common surgical techniques used to correct problems with displaced, damaged, or degenerated discs due to trauma, disease, or aging. Currently estimates suggest there are approximately 500,000 to 750,000 spinal fusion procedures performed each year in the United States. Generally, spinal fusion procedures involve removing the diseased or damaged disc and inserting one or more intervertebral implants into the resulting disc space. Introducing the intervertebral implant restores the height between adjacent vertebrae, which reduces or eliminates neural impingement and pain commonly associated with a damaged or diseased disc.
  • While various intervertebral implants are currently available in the prior art, there exists a need for an implant that can be inserted when surgical angles are less than optimal due to surgical constraints, the anatomical location of the vertebrae, or when two or more fusions are performed within one surgical corridor. When the surgical angle is less than optimal, the advancing implant may gouge or injure the vertebral endplate as it enters the intervertebral space. Also, it may be necessary for the surgeon to remove a portion of the side of the vertebral body to improve the entry angle into the intervertebral space. This may have the undesirable effect of destabilizing the interbody fusion. The present invention addresses this need.
  • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
  • The present invention includes a spinal fusion system for performing spinal fusion between adjacent lumbar vertebrae, including an exemplary spinal fusion implant. In one embodiment, the implant has a generally rectangular shape, with a leading element, a trailing element. The leading element and the trailing element are connected via flexible element. The flexible element allows the trailing element to move relative to the leading element (or vice versa). Thus, trailing element (and/or leading element) may bend from a neutral position in which the trailing element (and/or leading element) is aligned with the longitudinal axis L to a biased position in which the trailing element (and/or the leading element) deviates from the longitudinal axis L. This flexibility allows the implant to adopt various temporary profiles that may be desirable, particularly during insertion. For example, when the operative corridor used to access the disc space is offset or angled relative to the plane of the disc space the implant may transition from the offset access trajectory to the disc space in stages (e.g. the leading element may transition before the trailing element), thus protecting the vertebral endplates during insertion. The flexible element should thus be flexible enough to allow the trailing element to bend appropriately without effecting the overall integrity and strength of the implant.
  • The flexible element may comprise any number of suitable forms including, but not limited to a spring, a textile body, and an elastomeric body. The leading element, trailing element, and flexible element may be formed of a single component. Alternatively, leading element, trailing element, and flexible element may comprise separate components. It will be appreciated that any manner of mechanisms or techniques may be used attach the flexible element to the leading element and trailing element. By way of example only, the flexible element may be attached via mechanical fasteners (e.g. snaps, rivets, screws, pins, etc . . . ), chemical bonding, thermal bonding, adhesives, and molding.
  • The implant is preferably configured for lateral introduction into the disc space. By way of example, the implant may be particularly advantageous for implanting positioning the implant at L5-S1 via a lateral approach. By way of example only, the operative corridor may be created using any know tissue distraction and/or tissue retraction systems. The skin entry position depends upon individual patient anatomy but should be positioned just superior to the iliac crest. The distal end of the tissue distraction/retraction system may then be advanced at an angle towards the L5-S1 disc space, avoiding the iliac crest and thereafter opened to a final working corridor. After the creation of the operative corridor, the intervertebral space may be prepared via any number of well known preparation tools, including but not limited to kerrisons, rongeurs, pituitaries, and rasps. According to one embodiment, the preparation tools may utilize distal working ends angularly offset from the longitudinal axis of the tool shafts to facilitate entry into the disc space through the angled operative corridor. After preparation is complete, the implant is preferably advanced through the operative corridor in the neutral position (i.e. with leading element and trailing element aligned with the longitudinal axis L and the operative corridor).
  • The flexible element permits the trailing element to move relative to the leading element as the leading element enters the disc space. In this manner, the longitudinal axis L of the implant is permitted to rotate into alignment with the disc space, despite the small height of the disc space relative to the length of the implant and any space constraints in the operative corridor and the implant may be advanced into the disc space without causing damage.
  • According to another embodiment the leading element and trailing element are connected by an articulating element. The articulating element allows the trailing element to move relative to the leading element (or vice versa). The articulating element may be constructed of any suitable biocompatible material, but preferably, comprises the same material as leading element and trailing element. One articulating element preferably attaches to an interior surface of both sidewalls on each side of the implant. By attaching the articulating element to the interior surface of sidewalls the outer dimensions of implant may remain the same. Any number of additional articulation elements within one implant is also contemplated. Intervening members may connect the articulating elements with the leading and trailing ends. The additional articulation elements allow the implant to advance into an intervertebral space at greater and greater angles, depending on the number of articulation elements.
  • In still other embodiments, the leading element and trailing element may be connected via wires or tethers. Additional one or more additional element may be situated between the leading element and the trailing element. Various mechanisms for locking the elements together after insertion are also contemplated.
  • BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • The invention will be more fully understood from the following detailed descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a side view of an implant having a first element and a second element movably connected about the longitudinal axis, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of the implant of FIG. 1 wherein an element of the implant is offset relative to the longitudinal axis, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of the implant of FIG. 1, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 4A is a side view of the implant of FIG. 1 being inserted to an intervertebral space through an operative corridor having an axis offset from the plane of the intervertebral space; according to one embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 4B is a side view of the implant of FIG. 4A with a first element positioned within and aligned with the plane of the disc space and a second element aligned with the axis of the operative corridor prior to being advanced into the disc space, an operative corridor having an axis offset from the plane of the intervertebral space; according to one embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 5 is a side view of the implant of FIG. 4A completely inserted into an intervertebral space, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 6 is a side view of an implant having a first element and a second element movably connected about the longitudinal axis, according to another embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of the implant of FIG. 6, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of the implant in FIG. 6, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 8 is a top cross-sectional view of an implant having multiple elements movably connected about the longitudinal axis, according to another embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 9 is a top view of an implant having multiple elements movably connected about the longitudinal axis, according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 10 is a side view of the implant of FIG. 9, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional view of the implant of FIG. 9, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 11 is a top view of the implant of FIG. 9, wherein the multiple elements are coupled in a locked position, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 11A is a cross-sectional view of the implant of FIG. 11; according to one embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 12 is a side view of the implant of FIG. 11, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 13 is a side view of an implant having a first element and a second element movably connected about the longitudinal axis, according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
  • FIG. 14, is a side view of the implant of FIG. 13 wherein an element of the implant is offset relative to the longitudinal axis, according to one embodiment of the present invention; and
  • FIG. 15 is a side view of the implant of FIG. 13, wherein first and second elements are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the implant and are drawn tight together after positioning within an intervertebral disc space, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
  • Illustrative embodiments of the invention are described below for the purposes of understanding the principles of the invention. No limitation of the scope of the invention is therefore intended. In the interest of clarity, not all features of an actual implementation are described in this specification. It will be appreciated that in the development of any such actual embodiment, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints, which will vary from one implementation to another. Moreover, it will be appreciated that such a development effort might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure. The invention disclosed herein boasts a variety of inventive features and components that warrant patent protection, both individually and in combination.
  • With reference to FIG. 1-3, there is shown an example embodiment of an implant 10 for positioning within the intervertebral disc space between adjacent vertebral bodies of a spine. The implant 10, when deposited in the disc space, facilitates spinal fusion and alleviates pain by restoring the disc space to a desired height while natural bone growth occurs through and/or past the implant 10. Over time the bone growth results in the formation of a boney bridge between the adjacent vertebral bodies. The implant 10 is particularly adapted for introduction into the disc space via a lateral (trans-psoas) approach to the spine. The implant may nevertheless be introduced through any of a variety of other approaches (depending on the implant size), including posterior, anterior, antero-lateral, and postero-lateral approaches, without departing from the scope of the present invention. The implant 10 includes a longitudinal axis L, a leading element 12, a trailing element 16, and a flexible element 14 extending along the longitudinal axis L. The flexible element 14 is situated between the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 along the longitudinal axis L and connects the leading element 12 with the trailing element 16.
  • The implant 10 may be provided in any number of sizes by varying one or more of the implant height, width, and length. By way of example only, the implant may be provided with a length dimension ranging from 30 mm to 60 mm. By way of further example, the implant may be provided with a width dimension ranging from 15 mm to 22 mm. By way of still further example, the implant may be provided with a height dimension ranging from 5 mm to 20 mm. The size ranges described, by way of example only, are generally appropriate for implantation into the lumbar region of the spine. The dimensions of the implant may be altered according to proportions of the particular patient. Further variation of the implant dimensions may be implemented to produce implants generally appropriate for implantation into either of the thoracic spine and the cervical spine.
  • The leading element 12 and trailing element 16 may be of bone or non-bone construction. By way of example, the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 may be cut and shaped from a suitable allograft bone. Preferably, the allograft source comprises a donor femur, however, it will be appreciated that any suitable bone may be used. Alternatively, the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 may be comprised of any suitable bio-compatible material including, but not limited to, polymer compositions (e.g. poly-ether-ether-ketone (PEEK) and/or poly-ether-ketone-ketone (PEKK) or any combination of PEEK and PEKK), and metals (e.g. titanium).
  • The leading element 12 has a top surface 18, a bottom surface 20, opposing sidewalls 22 (which comprise an anterior side and a posterior side when the implant is positioned in the disc space), a distal end 24, and a proximal end 26. The trailing element 16 has a top surface 28, a bottom surface 30, opposing sidewalls 32 (which comprise an anterior side and a posterior side when the implant is positioned in the disc space), a distal end 34, and a proximal end 36. Though not shown, it will be appreciated that the opposing side walls 22, 32 may be dimensioned with differing heights in order to promote the natural curvature of the spine. That is, by way of example, the sidewalls 22, 32 may be dimensioned such that the sidewalls comprising the anterior side when the implant is positioned in the disc space have a greater height than the sidewalls comprising the posterior side, thus restoring the lordotic curvature of the lumbar (and cervical) spine. Alternatively, the sidewalls 22, 32 may be dimensioned such that the sidewalls comprising the anterior side when the implant is positioned in the disc space have a lesser height than the sidewalls comprising the posterior side, thus restoring the kyphotic curvature of the thoracic spine. The top surfaces 18, 28 and bottom surfaces 20, 30 may be provided in any number of suitable surface contours, including but not limited to generally planar, concave, and/or convex.
  • The leading element 12 and/or trailing element 16 may also include anti-migration features designed to increase the friction between the implant 10 and the adjacent contacting surfaces of the vertebral bodies. Such anti-migration features may include ridges or teeth 38 provided along the top surfaces 18, 28 and/or bottom surface 20, 30. Additional anti-migration features may also include one or more spike elements 40 disposed at various locations along the implant 10. In one embodiment, the implant 10 includes a total of 4 spike elements 40 extending through the upper surfaces 18, 28 and the lower surfaces 20, 30. Spike elements 40 may be positioned near the “corners” of the implant 10 where the distal end 24 of leading element 12 meets sidewalls 22 and the proximal end 36 of trailing element 16 meets sidewalls 32. The spike elements 40 may be manufactured from any of a variety of suitable materials, including but not limited to a metal, ceramic, and/or polymer material, preferably having radiopaque characteristics. The spike elements 40 may also take any of a variety of suitable shapes, including but not limited to a generally elongated element disposed within the implant 10 such that the ends thereof extend generally perpendicularly from the upper 18, 28 and/or lower surfaces 20, 30. When the spike elements 40 are provided having radiodense characteristics and the leading and trailing elements 12, 16 are manufactured from a radiolucent material (such as, by way of example only, PEEK and/or PEKK), the spike elements 40 will be readily observable under X-ray or fluoroscopy such that a surgeon may track the progress of the implant 10 during implantation and/or the placement of the implant 10 after implantation.
  • The implant 10 may be configured with one or more fusion apertures 42. Preferably, each of leading element 12 and trailing element 16 include a fusion aperture 42 extending in a vertical fashion through the top surface 18, 28 and bottom surface 20, 30, respectively. The fusion apertures 42 function primarily as an avenue for bony fusion between adjacent vertebrae. The fusion apertures 42 may be provided in any of a variety of suitable shapes, including but not limited to the generally rectangular shape best viewed in FIG. 3, or a generally circular, oblong and/or triangular shape or any combination thereof. The spinal fusion implant 10 may have a plurality of visualization apertures 44 which allow a clinician to make visual observations of the degree of bony fusion un-obscured by the sidewalls 22, 32 of the implant 10 to facilitate further diagnosis and treatment. Preferably, each of leading element 12 and trailing element 16 include at least one visualization aperture 44. Visualization apertures may be provided in any of a variety of suitable shapes, including but not limited to the generally oblong shape best viewed in FIGS. 1-2, or a generally circular, rectangular and/or triangular shape or any combination thereof.
  • Fusion between the adjacent vertebrae may be facilitated or augmented by introducing or positioning various osteoinductive materials within the fusion apertures 42 and/or adjacent to the spinal fusion implant 10. Such osteoinductive materials may be introduced before, during, or after the insertion of the implant 10, and may include (but are not necessarily limited to) autologous bone harvested from the patient receiving the spinal fusion implant 10, bone allograft, bone xenograft, any number of non-bone implants (e.g. ceramic, metallic, polymer), bone morphogenic protein, and bio-resorbable compositions, including but not limited to any of a variety of poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) based polymers.
  • The leading element 12 and the trailing element 14 are connected via flexible element 14. Flexible element 14 allows the trailing element 16 to move relative to the leading element 12 (or vice versa). Thus, trailing element 16 (and/or leading element 12) may bend from a neutral position in which the trailing element 16 (and/or leading element 12) is aligned with the longitudinal axis L to a biased position in which the trailing element (and/or the leading element 12) deviates from the longitudinal axis L by and angle α. This flexibility allows the implant 10 to adopt various temporary profiles that may be desirable. By way of example, when the operative corridor used to access the disc space is offset or angled relative to the plane of the disc space (due to, for example, one or more anatomical and procedural constraints or considerations) the implant 10 may transition from the offset access trajectory to the disc space in stages (e.g. the leading element 12 may transition before the trailing element 16), thus protecting the vertebral endplates during insertion. The flexible element 14 should thus be flexible enough to allow the trailing element 16 to bend appropriately without effecting the overall integrity and strength of the implant 10.
  • The flexible element 14 may comprise any number of suitable forms for providing the desired flexibility to the implant 10. By way of example, flexible element 14 may comprise any one or a combination of, but not limited to a spring, a textile body (constructed, for example, via one or more of embroidery, weaving, three-dimensional weaving, knitting, three-dimensional knitting, injection molding, compression molding, cutting woven or knitted fabrics, etc.), and an elastomeric body. According to one embodiment, leading element 12, trailing element 16, and flexible element 14 may be formed of a single component. According to one example of such an embodiment, the entire implant 10 may be formed of polymer material (e.g. PEEK) and a central portion of the component may be machined in a manner that provides the necessary flexibility. Alternatively, leading element 12, trailing element 16, and flexible element 14 may comprise separate components. It will be appreciated that any manner of mechanisms or techniques may be used attach the flexible element 14 to the proximal end 26 of leading element 12 and distal end 34 of trailing element 16, respectively. By way of example only, flexible element 14 may be attached via mechanical fasteners (e.g. snaps, rivets, screws, pins, etc . . . ), chemical bonding, thermal bonding, adhesives, and molding.
  • As mentioned above, the implant 10 is configured for lateral introduction into the disc space. A lateral approach to the disc space can be highly advantageous over other approaches to the spine. However, the iliac crest of the pelvis generally lies lateral to the L5-S1 disc space making a lateral approach to this spinal level (and thus the advantages that accompany a lateral approach) difficult to achieve in practice. According to one clinical utilization, set forth by way of example only, the implant 10 may be employed to advantageously access and fuse the L5-S1 disc space from a lateral approach, as will now be described. With the patient properly situated on the surgical table (preferably in the lateral decubitus position) an operative corridor is created to the L5-S1 disc space from a skin entry position located superior to L5-S1. By way of example only, the operative corridor may be created using any know tissue distraction and/or tissue retraction systems 46, such as, by way of example only, the tissue distraction and retraction assemblies shown and described in the commonly owned U.S. Pat. No. 7,207,949, the entire contents of which is incorporated by reference into this disclosure as if set forth fully herein. The skin entry position depends upon individual patient anatomy but should be positioned just superior to the iliac crest. The distal end of the tissue distraction/retraction system 46 may then be advanced at an angle towards the L5-S1 disc space, avoiding the iliac crest. Once the distraction/retraction system 46 reaches the L5-S1 disc space, the operative corridor may be expanded by spreading the distraction/retraction system 46 to a final working configuration. Alternatively, the distraction/retraction assembly may be advanced straight to the spine from the skin entry position, and thereafter adjusted to position the distal end of the distraction/retraction system (and thus the operative corridor) adjacent to the L5-S1 disc space.
  • After the creation of the operative corridor, the intervertebral space may be prepared via any number of well known preparation tools, including but not limited to kerrisons, rongeurs, pituitaries, and rasps. According to one embodiment, the preparation tools may utilize distal working ends angularly offset from the longitudinal axis of the tool shafts to facilitate entry into the disc space through the angled operative corridor. After preparation, an insertion instrument 48 is utilized to advance the implant 10 through the operative corridor and into the intervertebral space. As illustrated in FIG. 4A, the implant 10 is preferably advanced through the operative corridor in the neutral position (i.e. with leading element 12 and trailing element 16 aligned with the longitudinal axis L).
  • As illustrated in FIG. 4B, the flexible element 14 permits the trailing element 16 to move relative to the leading element 12 as the leading element 12 enters the disc space. In this manner, the longitudinal axis L of the implant is permitted to rotate into alignment with the disc space, despite the small height of the disc space relative to the length of the implant and any space constraints in the operative corridor. The implant 10 may thus be advance into the disc with a reduced risk of gouging or otherwise injuring the vertebral endplates and without requiring a portion of the vertebral body be removed to improve the entry angle into the intervertebral space. The insertion instrument 48 may utilize any number of suitable means for engaging the trailing element 16 of implant 10. To facilitate insertion of the implant 10, the insertion instrument 48 may utilize an angularly offset distal head and/or a flexible shaft. Once the entire implant 10 is inserted into the prepared space and resumes a generally neutral position, the implant 10 is released from the insertion instrument 48, the tissue distraction/retraction system 46 removed, and the operative corridor closed, as depicted in FIG. 5. As previously mentioned, additional materials may be included in the procedure before, during or after the insertion of the spinal fusion implant 10 to aid the natural fusion of the targeted spinal level.
  • Alternative example embodiments of implants capable of insertion into the L5-S1 disc space via a lateral surgical approach as described above, are illustrated, by way of example only, in FIGS. 6-13. The alternate embodiments illustrated by way of example, in FIGS. 6-13 are similar to the implant 10 such that repeat discussion of common elements is unnecessary and common elements are numbered accordingly. With reference to FIGS. 6-8, implant 110 includes leading element 12 and trailing element 16. Rather than the flexible member 14 of implant 10, however, the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 are connected by an articulating element 50. The articulating element 50 allows the trailing element 16 to move relative to the leading element 12 (or vice versa). Thus, trailing element 16 (and/or leading element 12) may bend from the neutral position in which the trailing element 16 (and/or leading element 12) is aligned with the longitudinal axis L to a biased position in which the trailing element (and/or the leading element 12) deviates from the longitudinal axis L. Implant 110 may thus adopt various temporary profiles prior to and during insertion into the disc space. The articulating element 50 may be constructed of any suitable biocompatible material, but preferably, comprises the same material as leading element 12 and trailing element 16. As illustrated, one articulating element 50 preferably attaches to an interior surface of both sidewalls 22 and 32 on each side of the implant. By attaching the articulating element 50 to the interior surface of sidewalls 22, 32 the outer dimensions of implant 110 may remain the same or similar to implant 10, however, it will be appreciated that the articulating element 50 may also be attached along the outer surface of sidewalls 22, 32.
  • As best viewed in FIG. 6A, articulating elements 50 are attached to the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 with fasteners 52. In the illustrated embodiment, fasteners 52 comprise cylindrical pins inserted through both the articulating element 50 and the leading element 12 or trailing element 16. Alternatively, it will be appreciated that fasteners 52 may comprise any suitable connector, such as, for example, a post extending from articulating element 50 into a corresponding aperture on leading element 12 or trailing element 16, or vice versa. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an implant 210 according to another example embodiment. Implant 210 is identical to implant 110 except that the length of at least one of the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 is shortened and at least one intervening member 54 is situated between leading element 12 and trailing element 16 on each side of the implant 210. As shown, the implant 210 includes three intervening members 54 on each side. For each intervening member 54 added to implant 210 an additional articulating element 50 is also added. Thus, the implant 210 as pictured utilizes four articulating elements 50 on each side of the implant. Decreasing the length of the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 and adding articulating elements 50 and intervening members 54 increases the overall offset angle (of the surgical corridor relative to the plane of the disc space) from which the implant 210 may be safely implanted into the disc space.
  • Turning now to FIGS. 9-12, an example implant 310 is illustrated. Implant 310 includes a leading element 12, a trailing element 16, and a central element 56. Central element 56 includes a top surface 58, a bottom surface 60, opposing sidewalls 62 (which comprise an anterior side and a posterior side when the implant 310 is positioned in the disc space), a distal end 64, and a proximal end 66. The leading element 12, trailing element 16, and central element 56 are loosely connected in an initial position via at least one wire 68 (and preferably, at least two wires 68 are utilized, as depicted herein) fixed to leading element 12 and passing through central element 56 and trailing element 16, exiting from the proximal end 36 of trailing element 16. The wires 68 may be formed of any suitable material having flexibility enough to allow central element 56 and trailing element 16 to move relative to leading element 12 and each other. Preferably, wire 68 will also provide enough stiffness so that movement between the elements is controlled and not floppy. This controlled movement facilitates initial placement of the leading element 12 within the disc space. By way of example only, the wires 68 may be formed of nitanol or other similar metals. The leading, central, and trailing elements 12, 56, and 16 are further configured to interlock with one another upon final insertion of the implant 310 within the disc space. To accomplish this, central element 56 includes a male snap connector 70 extending from proximal end 66 and a female snap receptacle 72 formed within distal end 64. Extending from proximal end 26, leading element 12 includes a male snap connector 74 complementary to the female snap receptacle 72 of central element 56. Trailing element 16 includes a female snap receptacle 76 within distal end 34.
  • To insert the implant 310, an operative corridor is created as described above. After the leading end 12 is directed to the disc space, the implant advanced all the way into the disc space with the aid of an insertion instrument. Similar to the implants described above, the flexible nature of the wires 68 allows the implant 310 to transition from the offset operative corridor into alignment with the disc space in stages. After the implant is completely advanced into the disc space, the wires 68, which are fixed to leading element 12 may be pulled away from the disc space while pressure is applied to the trailing element 16 in a direction towards the disc space. This combined action draws the leading element and central element together, such that snap connector 74 engages in snap receptacle 72, locking the leading element 12 and central element 56 together. The central element 56 and trailing element 16 will also be drawn together such the snap connector 70 engages in snap receptacle 76, locking central element 56 and trailing element 16 together. Once the implant 310 is locked together within the disc space, the wires 68 extending from trailing element 16 may be removed. This may be accomplished, for example, simply by cutting the exposed portion of wires 68, or any number of other suitable methods. FIGS. 9-10 illustrate the implant 310 prior to locking the leading element 12, central element 56, and trailing element 16 together, while FIGS. 11-12 depict the implant in its final locked position.
  • FIGS. 13-15 depict yet another example embodiment of an implant 410 according to the present invention. Implant 410 comprises leading element 12 and trailing element 16. Leading element 12 and a trailing element 16 are loosely connected by an embroidered tether 78 fixed to leading element 12 and passing through trailing element 16. It will be appreciated that any number of suitable tethers other than the embroidered tether described may be utilized. By way of example only, the tether may be comprised of wire similar to wires 68 described above. The proximal side 26 of leading element 12 and distal side 34 of trailing element 16 are configured with complementary articulating surfaces 80 and 82, respectively. By way of example, articulating surface 80 of leading element 12 comprises a convex extension of sidewalls 22 while the articulating surface 82 of trailing element 16 comprises a concave depression in sidewalls 32. Alternatively, articulating surface 80 could be a concave depression and articulating surface 82 could be a convex extension. The complementary articulating surfaces 80, 82, together with the loose connection provided by tether 78 permit the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 to move relative to each other, and again, like the implants described above, allows implant 410 to transition from alignment in an operative corridor to alignment with the disc space in stages when the disc space is angularly offset form the operative corridor. To deliver implant 410 through the offset operative corridor, the leading end 12 is advanced through the corridor until reaching the disc space, The orientation of the leading element is transitioned into alignment with the disc space and leading element 12 is positioned therein. Initially, the leading implant 410 may be held slightly rigid to facilitate initial positioning of the leading element 12 in the disc space by pulling tether 78 and applying pressure to trailing element 16 with the aid of an insertion instrument. Thereafter, providing slack to the tether 78 allows the trailing element 16 to move relative to the leading element 12 such that the implant can again align with the disc space in stages. After the implant is fully positioned within the disc space, the tether 78 may again be pulled while providing force in the opposite direction with the insertion tool. This draws the leading element 12 and trailing element 16 tightly together and the tether 78 may be tied or otherwise fixed at the proximal end 36 of trailing element 16 to maintain the elements 12, 16 in snug configuration. The excess tether 78 may be removed.
  • While the invention is susceptible to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiments thereof have been shown by way of example in the drawings and are herein described in detail. It should be understood, however, that the description herein of specific embodiments is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined herein. By way of example only, the description illustrates the use and implantation of implants into the L5-S1 disc space via a lateral approach. It will be appreciated however, that numerous situations may arise where it is desirable to deliver an intervertebral implant through an operative corridor aligned obliquely to the disc space, and the invention is not intended to be limited to the L5-S1 disc space.

Claims (17)

1. An implant for positioning within the intervertebral disc space between a pair of adjacent vertebral bodies, the implant having a longitudinal axis extending from a first end of said implant to a second end of said implant, said implant comprising:
a first element and a second element moveably connected about said longitudinal axis, at least one of said first element and said second element being moveable between a position in alignment with said longitudinal axis and a position angulary offset from said longitudinal axis.
2. The implant of claim 1 wherein said first element and said second element are connected by a flexible member.
3. The implant of claim 1, wherein said first element and said second element are connected by an articulating member.
4. The implant of claim 1, wherein said first element and said second element are connected via at least of a tether and a wire.
5. The implant of claim 2, wherein said flexible member is comprises a spring.
6. The implant of claim 2, wherein said flexible member comprises at least one of a textile body and an elastomeric body.
7. The implant of claim 1 wherein said implant is configured for insertion via a lateral approach to the spine.
8. The implant of claim 7, a wherein said implant is configured for lateral implantation to the L5-S1 spinal level.
9. The implant of claim 1, comprising a third element moveably connected to at least one of said first element and said second element, said third element moveable between a position in alignment with said longitudinal axis and a position angulary offset from said longitudinal axis.
10. A method of positioning an implant within the intervertebral disc space between a pair of adjacent vertebral endplates, said disc space having a plane and said plane being generally parallel to said vertebral endplates, said method comprising the steps of:
a) creating an operative corridor to said intervertebral disc space, said operative corridor having an axis oblique to said disc space plane;
b) advancing said implant through said operative corridor;
c) altering the orientation of a first element of said implant such that it is in general alignment with said disc space plane without altering the alignment of a second element of said implant;
d) advancing said first element into said disc space,
e) Altering the orientation of said second element such that it is in general alignment with said disc space plane,
f) and advancing said second element into said disc space. adjusting the orientation of said implant such that a positioning a first element of said implant said implant comprising a first element and a second element movably connectable
11. The method of claim 10, wherein said disc space is L5-S1.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein said operative corridor begins at an entry site superior to L5-S1.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein said skin entry site is superior to the iliac crest.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein said operative corridor is created with at least one of a tissue retraction system and a tissue distraction system.
15. The method of 1, comprising the additional step of providing said implant with said first element and said second element connected about said longitudinal axis via a flexible member.
16. The method of 1, comprising the additional step of providing said implant with said first element and said second element connected about said longitudinal axis via an articulating member.
17. The method of 1, comprising the additional step of providing said implant with said first element and said second element connected via at least of a tether and a wire.
US12/317,867 2007-12-28 2008-12-29 Spinal surgical implant and related methods Active US9101491B2 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US12/317,867 US9101491B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2008-12-29 Spinal surgical implant and related methods
US14/823,329 US9943415B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2015-08-11 Spinal surgical implant and related methods
US15/918,316 US10898339B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2018-03-12 Spinal surgical implant and related methods
US17/123,519 US20210128314A1 (en) 2007-12-28 2020-12-16 Spinal Surgical Implant and Related Methods

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US954607P 2007-12-28 2007-12-28
US12/317,867 US9101491B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2008-12-29 Spinal surgical implant and related methods

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/823,329 Continuation US9943415B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2015-08-11 Spinal surgical implant and related methods

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20110125266A1 true US20110125266A1 (en) 2011-05-26
US9101491B2 US9101491B2 (en) 2015-08-11

Family

ID=44062660

Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US12/317,867 Active US9101491B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2008-12-29 Spinal surgical implant and related methods
US14/823,329 Active 2029-01-10 US9943415B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2015-08-11 Spinal surgical implant and related methods
US15/918,316 Active 2029-04-17 US10898339B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2018-03-12 Spinal surgical implant and related methods
US17/123,519 Pending US20210128314A1 (en) 2007-12-28 2020-12-16 Spinal Surgical Implant and Related Methods

Family Applications After (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US14/823,329 Active 2029-01-10 US9943415B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2015-08-11 Spinal surgical implant and related methods
US15/918,316 Active 2029-04-17 US10898339B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2018-03-12 Spinal surgical implant and related methods
US17/123,519 Pending US20210128314A1 (en) 2007-12-28 2020-12-16 Spinal Surgical Implant and Related Methods

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (4) US9101491B2 (en)

Cited By (46)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110029083A1 (en) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Flexible Spinal Implant
US20110029085A1 (en) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Flexible spinal implant
US20120083889A1 (en) * 2010-10-05 2012-04-05 Alphatec Spine, Inc. Intervertebral device and methods of use
US20120158140A1 (en) * 2010-12-17 2012-06-21 Warsaw Orothropedic, Inc. Flexiable spinal implant
US20120290089A1 (en) * 2011-05-10 2012-11-15 Melamed Hooman M Vertebral spacer
US20130173004A1 (en) * 2010-08-24 2013-07-04 Flexmedex, LLC Support device and method for use
EP2747682A1 (en) * 2011-08-23 2014-07-02 Flexmedex, LLC Tissue removal device and method
US20140277481A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 Benvenue Medical, Inc. Spinal fusion implants and devices and methods for deploying such implants
US8845733B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2014-09-30 DePuy Synthes Products, LLC Lateral spondylolisthesis reduction cage
US8936643B2 (en) 2006-07-31 2015-01-20 DePuy Synthes Products, LLC Spinal fusion implant
US20150265417A1 (en) * 2011-09-21 2015-09-24 Flexmedex, LLC Support device and method
US9149286B1 (en) 2010-11-12 2015-10-06 Flexmedex, LLC Guidance tool and method for use
US9226764B2 (en) 2012-03-06 2016-01-05 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Conformable soft tissue removal instruments
US9259329B2 (en) 2004-09-21 2016-02-16 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Expandable support device and method of use
US9289240B2 (en) 2005-12-23 2016-03-22 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Flexible elongated chain implant and method of supporting body tissue with same
US9314350B1 (en) * 2011-09-23 2016-04-19 Samy Abdou Spinal fixation devices and methods of use
CN105997311A (en) * 2016-06-30 2016-10-12 李照文 Adjustable interbody fusion device
US9486330B2 (en) 2013-03-01 2016-11-08 Bones And Spine Surgery Inc. Minimally invasive method and surgical tools for trans-PSOAS approach
US9687356B1 (en) * 2011-10-07 2017-06-27 Nuvasive, Inc. Spinal fusion implants and related methods
US9770339B2 (en) 2005-07-14 2017-09-26 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Expandable support device and method of use
US20180000604A1 (en) * 2009-04-16 2018-01-04 Nuvasive, Inc. Methods and Apparatus for Performing Spine Surgery
US9931224B2 (en) 2009-11-05 2018-04-03 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Self-pivoting spinal implant and associated instrumentation
US10022245B2 (en) 2012-12-17 2018-07-17 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Polyaxial articulating instrument
US10111757B2 (en) 2012-10-22 2018-10-30 Cogent Spine, LLC Devices and methods for spinal stabilization and instrumentation
US10285819B2 (en) 2008-11-12 2019-05-14 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Fixation device and method
US10543107B2 (en) 2009-12-07 2020-01-28 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for minimally invasive spinal stabilization and instrumentation
US10548740B1 (en) 2016-10-25 2020-02-04 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment
US10695105B2 (en) 2012-08-28 2020-06-30 Samy Abdou Spinal fixation devices and methods of use
US10758289B2 (en) 2006-05-01 2020-09-01 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Expandable support device and method of use
US10857003B1 (en) 2015-10-14 2020-12-08 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for vertebral stabilization
US10918498B2 (en) 2004-11-24 2021-02-16 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement
US10940014B2 (en) 2008-11-12 2021-03-09 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Fixation device and method
US10966843B2 (en) 2017-07-18 2021-04-06 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Implant inserters and related methods
US10973648B1 (en) 2016-10-25 2021-04-13 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment
US11006982B2 (en) 2012-02-22 2021-05-18 Samy Abdou Spinous process fixation devices and methods of use
US11039935B2 (en) * 2011-06-17 2021-06-22 Global Medical Inc Expandable spinal implant and flexible driver
US11045331B2 (en) 2017-08-14 2021-06-29 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Intervertebral implant inserters and related methods
US11179248B2 (en) 2018-10-02 2021-11-23 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for spinal implantation
US11224453B2 (en) 2014-07-08 2022-01-18 Spinal Elements, Inc. Apparatus and methods for disrupting intervertebral disc tissue
US11369490B2 (en) 2011-03-22 2022-06-28 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Universal trial for lateral cages
US11471145B2 (en) 2018-03-16 2022-10-18 Spinal Elements, Inc. Articulated instrumentation and methods of using the same
US11497619B2 (en) 2013-03-07 2022-11-15 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Intervertebral implant
US11564811B2 (en) 2015-02-06 2023-01-31 Spinal Elements, Inc. Graft material injector system and method
US11583327B2 (en) 2018-01-29 2023-02-21 Spinal Elements, Inc. Minimally invasive interbody fusion
US20230056904A1 (en) * 2014-07-07 2023-02-23 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Multiple spinal surgical pathways systems and methods
US11771483B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2023-10-03 Spinal Elements, Inc. Minimal impact access system to disc space

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8105382B2 (en) 2006-12-07 2012-01-31 Interventional Spine, Inc. Intervertebral implant
US8900307B2 (en) 2007-06-26 2014-12-02 DePuy Synthes Products, LLC Highly lordosed fusion cage
EP2471493A1 (en) 2008-01-17 2012-07-04 Synthes GmbH An expandable intervertebral implant and associated method of manufacturing the same
CA2720580A1 (en) 2008-04-05 2009-10-08 Synthes Usa, Llc Expandable intervertebral implant
US9526620B2 (en) 2009-03-30 2016-12-27 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Zero profile spinal fusion cage
US9393129B2 (en) 2009-12-10 2016-07-19 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Bellows-like expandable interbody fusion cage
US8979860B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2015-03-17 DePuy Synthes Products. LLC Enhanced cage insertion device
TW201215379A (en) 2010-06-29 2012-04-16 Synthes Gmbh Distractible intervertebral implant
US9402732B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2016-08-02 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Expandable interspinous process spacer implant
KR102043737B1 (en) * 2011-09-20 2019-11-12 더유니버시티오브톨레도 Expandable inter-vertebral cage and method of installing same
US9913728B2 (en) * 2013-03-14 2018-03-13 Quandary Medical, Llc Spinal implants and implantation system
US11426290B2 (en) 2015-03-06 2022-08-30 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Expandable intervertebral implant, system, kit and method
EP3760166A1 (en) 2015-04-29 2021-01-06 Institute For Musculoskeletal Science And Education, Ltd. Coiled implants and systems
US10449051B2 (en) * 2015-04-29 2019-10-22 Institute for Musculoskeletal Science and Education, Ltd. Implant with curved bone contacting elements
US10492921B2 (en) 2015-04-29 2019-12-03 Institute for Musculoskeletal Science and Education, Ltd. Implant with arched bone contacting elements
CN109688981A (en) 2016-06-28 2019-04-26 Eit 新兴移植技术股份有限公司 Distensible, adjustable angle intervertebral cage
JP7023877B2 (en) 2016-06-28 2022-02-22 イーアイティー・エマージング・インプラント・テクノロジーズ・ゲーエムベーハー Expandable and angle-adjustable range-of-motion intervertebral cage
US10398563B2 (en) 2017-05-08 2019-09-03 Medos International Sarl Expandable cage
US11344424B2 (en) 2017-06-14 2022-05-31 Medos International Sarl Expandable intervertebral implant and related methods
US10744001B2 (en) 2017-11-21 2020-08-18 Institute for Musculoskeletal Science and Education, Ltd. Implant with improved bone contact
US11446156B2 (en) 2018-10-25 2022-09-20 Medos International Sarl Expandable intervertebral implant, inserter instrument, and related methods
US11426286B2 (en) 2020-03-06 2022-08-30 Eit Emerging Implant Technologies Gmbh Expandable intervertebral implant
US11850160B2 (en) 2021-03-26 2023-12-26 Medos International Sarl Expandable lordotic intervertebral fusion cage
US11752009B2 (en) 2021-04-06 2023-09-12 Medos International Sarl Expandable intervertebral fusion cage

Citations (95)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3867728A (en) * 1971-12-30 1975-02-25 Cutter Lab Prosthesis for spinal repair
US4501269A (en) * 1981-12-11 1985-02-26 Washington State University Research Foundation, Inc. Process for fusing bone joints
US4657550A (en) * 1984-12-21 1987-04-14 Daher Youssef H Buttressing device usable in a vertebral prosthesis
US4743256A (en) * 1985-10-04 1988-05-10 Brantigan John W Surgical prosthetic implant facilitating vertebral interbody fusion and method
US4834757A (en) * 1987-01-22 1989-05-30 Brantigan John W Prosthetic implant
US4932975A (en) * 1989-10-16 1990-06-12 Vanderbilt University Vertebral prosthesis
US5015247A (en) * 1988-06-13 1991-05-14 Michelson Gary K Threaded spinal implant
US5026373A (en) * 1988-10-17 1991-06-25 Surgical Dynamics, Inc. Surgical method and apparatus for fusing adjacent bone structures
US5290494A (en) * 1990-03-05 1994-03-01 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Process of making a resorbable implantation device
US5306309A (en) * 1992-05-04 1994-04-26 Calcitek, Inc. Spinal disk implant and implantation kit
US5306307A (en) * 1991-07-22 1994-04-26 Calcitek, Inc. Spinal disk implant
US5397364A (en) * 1993-10-12 1995-03-14 Danek Medical, Inc. Anterior interbody fusion device
US5405391A (en) * 1993-02-16 1995-04-11 Hednerson; Fraser C. Fusion stabilization chamber
US5413602A (en) * 1991-09-30 1995-05-09 Howmedica Gmbh Vertebral body spacer device
US5425772A (en) * 1993-09-20 1995-06-20 Brantigan; John W. Prosthetic implant for intervertebral spinal fusion
US5431658A (en) * 1994-02-14 1995-07-11 Moskovich; Ronald Facilitator for vertebrae grafts and prostheses
US5443515A (en) * 1994-01-26 1995-08-22 Implex Corporation Vertebral body prosthetic implant with slidably positionable stabilizing member
US5443514A (en) * 1993-10-01 1995-08-22 Acromed Corporation Method for using spinal implants
US5484437A (en) * 1988-06-13 1996-01-16 Michelson; Gary K. Apparatus and method of inserting spinal implants
US5489308A (en) * 1989-07-06 1996-02-06 Spine-Tech, Inc. Spinal implant
US5489307A (en) * 1993-02-10 1996-02-06 Spine-Tech, Inc. Spinal stabilization surgical method
US5514180A (en) * 1994-01-14 1996-05-07 Heggeness; Michael H. Prosthetic intervertebral devices
US5522899A (en) * 1988-06-28 1996-06-04 Sofamor Danek Properties, Inc. Artificial spinal fusion implants
US5534030A (en) * 1993-02-09 1996-07-09 Acromed Corporation Spine disc
US5540688A (en) * 1991-05-30 1996-07-30 Societe "Psi" Intervertebral stabilization device incorporating dampers
US5593409A (en) * 1988-06-13 1997-01-14 Sofamor Danek Group, Inc. Interbody spinal fusion implants
US5609636A (en) * 1994-05-23 1997-03-11 Spine-Tech, Inc. Spinal implant
US5611800A (en) * 1994-02-15 1997-03-18 Alphatec Manufacturing, Inc. Spinal fixation system
US5632747A (en) * 1995-03-15 1997-05-27 Osteotech, Inc. Bone dowel cutter
US5645598A (en) * 1996-01-16 1997-07-08 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Spinal fusion device with porous material
US5653761A (en) * 1994-03-18 1997-08-05 Pisharodi; Madhavan Method of lumbar intervertebral disk stabilization
US5653762A (en) * 1994-03-18 1997-08-05 Pisharodi; Madhavan Method of stabilizing adjacent vertebrae with rotating, lockable, middle-expanded intervertebral disk stabilizer
US5716415A (en) * 1993-10-01 1998-02-10 Acromed Corporation Spinal implant
US5728159A (en) * 1997-01-02 1998-03-17 Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation Serrated bone graft
US5741261A (en) * 1996-06-25 1998-04-21 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Minimally invasive spinal surgical methods and instruments
US5766252A (en) * 1995-01-24 1998-06-16 Osteonics Corp. Interbody spinal prosthetic implant and method
US5772661A (en) * 1988-06-13 1998-06-30 Michelson; Gary Karlin Methods and instrumentation for the surgical correction of human thoracic and lumbar spinal disease from the antero-lateral aspect of the spine
US5782830A (en) * 1995-10-16 1998-07-21 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Implant insertion device
US5782832A (en) * 1996-10-01 1998-07-21 Surgical Dynamics, Inc. Spinal fusion implant and method of insertion thereof
US5797909A (en) * 1988-06-13 1998-08-25 Michelson; Gary Karlin Apparatus for inserting spinal implants
US5865848A (en) * 1997-09-12 1999-02-02 Artifex, Ltd. Dynamic intervertebral spacer and method of use
US5865845A (en) * 1996-03-05 1999-02-02 Thalgott; John S. Prosthetic intervertebral disc
US5885299A (en) * 1994-09-15 1999-03-23 Surgical Dynamics, Inc. Apparatus and method for implant insertion
US5888224A (en) * 1993-09-21 1999-03-30 Synthesis (U.S.A.) Implant for intervertebral space
US5904719A (en) * 1997-07-24 1999-05-18 Techsys Medical, Llc Interbody fusion device having partial circular section cross-sectional segments
US5910315A (en) * 1997-07-18 1999-06-08 Stevenson; Sharon Allograft tissue material for filling spinal fusion cages or related surgical spaces
US6015436A (en) * 1996-06-07 2000-01-18 Heinrich Ulrich Implant for filling a space between vertebrae
US6039761A (en) * 1997-02-12 2000-03-21 Li Medical Technologies, Inc. Intervertebral spacer and tool and method for emplacement thereof
US6042582A (en) * 1997-05-20 2000-03-28 Ray; Charles D. Instrumentation and method for facilitating insertion of spinal implant
US6045580A (en) * 1996-09-06 2000-04-04 Osteotech, Inc. Fusion implant device and method of use
US6048342A (en) * 1997-01-02 2000-04-11 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. Spine distraction implant
US6059829A (en) * 1995-03-08 2000-05-09 Synthese Intervertebral implant
US6063088A (en) * 1997-03-24 2000-05-16 United States Surgical Corporation Method and instrumentation for implant insertion
US6083225A (en) * 1996-03-14 2000-07-04 Surgical Dynamics, Inc. Method and instrumentation for implant insertion
US6110210A (en) * 1999-04-08 2000-08-29 Raymedica, Inc. Prosthetic spinal disc nucleus having selectively coupled bodies
US6193756B1 (en) * 1997-09-30 2001-02-27 Sulzer Orthopaedie Ag Tubular support body for bridging two vertebrae
US6200347B1 (en) * 1999-01-05 2001-03-13 Lifenet Composite bone graft, method of making and using same
US6224607B1 (en) * 1999-01-25 2001-05-01 Gary K. Michelson Instrumentation and method for creating an intervertebral space for receiving an implant
US6224631B1 (en) * 1998-03-20 2001-05-01 Sulzer Spine-Tech Inc. Intervertebral implant with reduced contact area and method
US6235059B1 (en) * 1996-04-03 2001-05-22 Scient'x (Societe A Responsabilite Limitee) Intersomatic setting and fusion system
US6241771B1 (en) * 1997-08-13 2001-06-05 Cambridge Scientific, Inc. Resorbable interbody spinal fusion devices
US6241769B1 (en) * 1998-05-06 2001-06-05 Cortek, Inc. Implant for spinal fusion
US6251140B1 (en) * 1998-05-27 2001-06-26 Nuvasive, Inc. Interlocking spinal inserts
US6258125B1 (en) * 1998-08-03 2001-07-10 Synthes (U.S.A.) Intervertebral allograft spacer
US6277149B1 (en) * 1999-06-08 2001-08-21 Osteotech, Inc. Ramp-shaped intervertebral implant
US6371989B1 (en) * 1996-09-13 2002-04-16 Jean-Luc Chauvin Method of providing proper vertebral spacing
US6383221B1 (en) * 1999-01-22 2002-05-07 Osteotech, Inc. Method for forming an intervertebral implant
US6387130B1 (en) * 1999-04-16 2002-05-14 Nuvasive, Inc. Segmented linked intervertebral implant systems
US6409766B1 (en) * 1998-07-30 2002-06-25 Expanding Concepts, Llc Collapsible and expandable interbody fusion device
US6432140B1 (en) * 1999-12-10 2002-08-13 Chih-I Lin Intervertebral retrieval device
US6440142B1 (en) * 2001-04-27 2002-08-27 Third Millennium Engineering, Llc Femoral ring loader
US6503279B1 (en) * 1996-09-04 2003-01-07 Synthes (Usa) Intervertebral implant
US6527773B1 (en) * 1999-10-07 2003-03-04 Osteotech, Inc. Cervical dowel and insertion tool
US6595998B2 (en) * 2001-03-08 2003-07-22 Spinewave, Inc. Tissue distraction device
US6676703B2 (en) * 1999-02-25 2004-01-13 Depuy Acromed, Inc. Spinal fusion implant
US6706067B2 (en) * 2000-11-03 2004-03-16 Osteotech, Inc. Spinal intervertebral implant and method of making
US6743255B2 (en) * 1999-08-13 2004-06-01 Bret Ferree Spinal fusion cage with lordosis correction
US6746454B2 (en) * 2000-11-07 2004-06-08 Osteotech, Inc. Implant insertion tool
US6746484B1 (en) * 1997-08-26 2004-06-08 Society De Fabrication De Materiel De Orthopedique, S.A. Spinal implant
US6755841B2 (en) * 2000-05-08 2004-06-29 Depuy Acromed, Inc. Medical installation tool
US6851430B2 (en) * 2000-05-01 2005-02-08 Paul M. Tsou Method and apparatus for endoscopic spinal surgery
US6855167B2 (en) * 2001-12-05 2005-02-15 Osteotech, Inc. Spinal intervertebral implant, interconnections for such implant and processes for making
US6984245B2 (en) * 2000-02-22 2006-01-10 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Anterior impacted bone graft and driver instruments
US6986788B2 (en) * 1998-01-30 2006-01-17 Synthes (U.S.A.) Intervertebral allograft spacer
US6989031B2 (en) * 2001-04-02 2006-01-24 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Hemi-interbody spinal implant manufactured from a major long bone ring or a bone composite
US7018416B2 (en) * 2000-07-06 2006-03-28 Zimmer Spine, Inc. Bone implants and methods
US7192447B2 (en) * 2002-12-19 2007-03-20 Synthes (Usa) Intervertebral implant
US20070162138A1 (en) * 2005-12-12 2007-07-12 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Vertebral implant and insertion tool
US7244258B2 (en) * 1999-02-04 2007-07-17 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Methods and instrumentation for vertebral interbody fusion
US7326251B2 (en) * 2003-04-01 2008-02-05 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Interbody fusion device
US20080058933A1 (en) * 2006-07-31 2008-03-06 Ronald Garner Spinal fusion implant
US7776095B2 (en) * 2005-03-28 2010-08-17 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Spinal system and method including lateral approach
US7867277B1 (en) * 2005-07-15 2011-01-11 Nuvasive Inc. Spinal fusion implant and related methods
US8016829B2 (en) * 2004-02-09 2011-09-13 Depuy Spine, Inc. Systems and methods for spinal surgery
US8187334B2 (en) * 2004-03-29 2012-05-29 Nuvasive, Inc. System and methods for spinal fusion

Family Cites Families (72)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3848601A (en) 1972-06-14 1974-11-19 G Ma Method for interbody fusion of the spine
US4781591A (en) 1987-04-06 1988-11-01 Allen James P Endosteal implant and method for performing implantation thereof
US7491205B1 (en) 1988-06-13 2009-02-17 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Instrumentation for the surgical correction of human thoracic and lumbar spinal disease from the lateral aspect of the spine
US5609635A (en) 1988-06-28 1997-03-11 Michelson; Gary K. Lordotic interbody spinal fusion implants
CA1318469C (en) 1989-02-15 1993-06-01 Acromed Corporation Artificial disc
US5055104A (en) 1989-11-06 1991-10-08 Surgical Dynamics, Inc. Surgically implanting threaded fusion cages between adjacent low-back vertebrae by an anterior approach
US5047055A (en) 1990-12-21 1991-09-10 Pfizer Hospital Products Group, Inc. Hydrogel intervertebral disc nucleus
US5171278A (en) 1991-02-22 1992-12-15 Madhavan Pisharodi Middle expandable intervertebral disk implants
US5263953A (en) 1991-12-31 1993-11-23 Spine-Tech, Inc. Apparatus and system for fusing bone joints
AU672596B2 (en) 1992-02-14 1996-10-10 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Polymeric screws and coatings for surgical uses
FR2694882B1 (en) 1992-08-24 1994-10-21 Sofamor Intervertebral disc prosthesis.
US5562735A (en) 1992-11-09 1996-10-08 Hospital For Joint Diseases Spinal stabilization system and improved method
EP0621020A1 (en) 1993-04-21 1994-10-26 SULZER Medizinaltechnik AG Intervertebral prosthesis and method of implanting such a prosthesis
CA2166697A1 (en) 1993-07-07 1995-01-19 Sorrel Elizabeth Wolowacz Implantable prosthesis, kit and device for manufacturing the same
DE4328062A1 (en) 1993-08-20 1995-02-23 Heinrich Ulrich Implant to replace vertebral bodies and / or to stabilize and fix the spine
US5454811A (en) 1993-11-08 1995-10-03 Smith & Nephew Dyonics, Inc. Cam lock orthopedic fixation screw and method
CA2551185C (en) 1994-03-28 2007-10-30 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Apparatus and method for anterior spinal stabilization
DE4423257C2 (en) 1994-07-02 2001-07-12 Ulrich Heinrich Implant to be inserted between the vertebral body of the spine as a placeholder
EP0781113B1 (en) 1994-09-15 2002-03-27 Surgical Dynamics, Inc. Conically-shaped anterior fusion cage
US5562736A (en) 1994-10-17 1996-10-08 Raymedica, Inc. Method for surgical implantation of a prosthetic spinal disc nucleus
DE69534978T2 (en) 1994-12-09 2007-01-04 SDGI Holdings, Inc., Wilmington Adjustable vertebral body replacement
AU708384B2 (en) 1994-12-12 1999-08-05 Howmedica Osteonics Corp. Conically-shaped fusion cage and method of implantation
US5665122A (en) 1995-01-31 1997-09-09 Kambin; Parviz Expandable intervertebral cage and surgical method
DE19504867C1 (en) 1995-02-14 1996-02-29 Harms Juergen Position retainer for spine
US5860973A (en) 1995-02-27 1999-01-19 Michelson; Gary Karlin Translateral spinal implant
AU2101495A (en) 1995-03-13 1996-10-02 Steven D. Gelbard Spinal stabilization implant system
US5782919A (en) 1995-03-27 1998-07-21 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Interbody fusion device and method for restoration of normal spinal anatomy
US5702449A (en) 1995-06-07 1997-12-30 Danek Medical, Inc. Reinforced porous spinal implants
US5683394A (en) 1995-09-29 1997-11-04 Advanced Spine Fixation Systems, Inc. Fusion mass constrainer
US5814084A (en) 1996-01-16 1998-09-29 University Of Florida Tissue Bank, Inc. Diaphysial cortical dowel
US5800550A (en) 1996-03-13 1998-09-01 Sertich; Mario M. Interbody fusion cage
US5700264A (en) 1996-07-01 1997-12-23 Zucherman; James F. Apparatus and method for preparing a site for an interbody fusion implant
US5702455A (en) 1996-07-03 1997-12-30 Saggar; Rahul Expandable prosthesis for spinal fusion
DE69733976T2 (en) 1996-10-22 2006-06-01 Howmedica Osteonics Corp. Surgical drill and retractor
US5968098A (en) 1996-10-22 1999-10-19 Surgical Dynamics, Inc. Apparatus for fusing adjacent bone structures
US6120506A (en) 1997-03-06 2000-09-19 Sulzer Spine-Tech Inc. Lordotic spinal implant
DE977527T1 (en) 1997-04-25 2001-07-05 Stryker France Sa TWO-PIECE INTERMEDIATE IMPLANTS
CA2238117C (en) 1997-05-30 2006-01-10 United States Surgical Corporation Method and instrumentation for implant insertion
US6004326A (en) 1997-09-10 1999-12-21 United States Surgical Method and instrumentation for implant insertion
US6159215A (en) 1997-12-19 2000-12-12 Depuy Acromed, Inc. Insertion instruments and method for delivering a vertebral body spacer
US6143033A (en) 1998-01-30 2000-11-07 Synthes (Usa) Allogenic intervertebral implant
US6008433A (en) 1998-04-23 1999-12-28 Stone; Kevin R. Osteotomy wedge device, kit and methods for realignment of a varus angulated knee
US6159211A (en) 1998-10-22 2000-12-12 Depuy Acromed, Inc. Stackable cage system for corpectomy/vertebrectomy
US6442814B1 (en) 1999-04-23 2002-09-03 Spinal Concepts, Inc. Apparatus for manufacturing a bone dowel
FR2795945B1 (en) 1999-07-09 2001-10-26 Scient X ANATOMICAL INTERSOMATIC IMPLANT AND GRIPPER FOR SUCH AN IMPLANT
US6454806B1 (en) 1999-07-26 2002-09-24 Advanced Prosthetic Technologies, Inc. Spinal surgical prosthesis
US6080158A (en) * 1999-08-23 2000-06-27 Lin; Chih-I Intervertebral fusion device
CN1180751C (en) 1999-08-27 2004-12-22 库尔斯恩蒂斯股份公司 Intervertebral implant
AU2726701A (en) 1999-12-10 2001-06-18 Nuvasive, Inc. Facet screw and bone allograft intervertebral support and fusion system
US6319257B1 (en) 1999-12-20 2001-11-20 Kinamed, Inc. Inserter assembly
WO2001091686A1 (en) 2000-05-30 2001-12-06 Lin Paul S Implant for placement between cervical vertebrae
US6626905B1 (en) 2000-08-02 2003-09-30 Sulzer Spine-Tech Inc. Posterior oblique lumbar arthrodesis
US6468311B2 (en) 2001-01-22 2002-10-22 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Modular interbody fusion implant
US6979353B2 (en) 2001-12-03 2005-12-27 Howmedica Osteonics Corp. Apparatus for fusing adjacent bone structures
US7125425B2 (en) 2002-10-21 2006-10-24 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Systems and techniques for restoring and maintaining intervertebral anatomy
WO2006034436A2 (en) * 2004-09-21 2006-03-30 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Expandable support device and method of use
EP1814492A2 (en) * 2004-11-15 2007-08-08 Disc-O-Tech Medical Technologies, Ltd. Assembled prosthesis such as a disc
US20060247778A1 (en) * 2005-01-26 2006-11-02 Ferree Bret A Intradiscal devices including spacers facilitating posterior-lateral and other insertion approaches
ATE531346T1 (en) * 2005-02-24 2011-11-15 Morphogeny Llc CONNECTED, SLIDING AND MATCHABLE ROTATABLE COMPONENTS
US7267690B2 (en) * 2005-03-09 2007-09-11 Vertebral Technologies, Inc. Interlocked modular disc nucleus prosthesis
US20060247781A1 (en) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-02 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Implant
US20070010889A1 (en) * 2005-07-06 2007-01-11 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Foldable nucleus replacement device
US20070260314A1 (en) * 2006-05-02 2007-11-08 Ashok Biyani Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion cage
US8506636B2 (en) 2006-09-08 2013-08-13 Theken Spine, Llc Offset radius lordosis
US8025697B2 (en) * 2006-09-21 2011-09-27 Custom Spine, Inc. Articulating interbody spacer, vertebral body replacement
CN101677862B (en) * 2007-02-06 2012-04-18 先锋外科技术公司 Intervertebral implant devices and methods for insertion thereof
US8021429B2 (en) * 2007-03-08 2011-09-20 Zimmer Spine, Inc. Deployable segmented TLIF device
CA2720977A1 (en) * 2007-04-09 2008-10-16 Vertiflex, Inc. Multi-component interbody device
FR2917287B1 (en) * 2007-06-15 2010-09-03 Ldr Medical INTERVERTEBRAL PROSTHESIS
US8663331B2 (en) * 2007-11-30 2014-03-04 Custom Spine, Inc. Maximum support TLIF implant
EP2265200B1 (en) * 2008-03-14 2020-05-27 Mazor Robotics Ltd. Segmented insert for intervertebral support
US9592063B2 (en) * 2010-06-24 2017-03-14 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Universal trial for lateral cages

Patent Citations (100)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3867728A (en) * 1971-12-30 1975-02-25 Cutter Lab Prosthesis for spinal repair
US4501269A (en) * 1981-12-11 1985-02-26 Washington State University Research Foundation, Inc. Process for fusing bone joints
US4657550A (en) * 1984-12-21 1987-04-14 Daher Youssef H Buttressing device usable in a vertebral prosthesis
US4743256A (en) * 1985-10-04 1988-05-10 Brantigan John W Surgical prosthetic implant facilitating vertebral interbody fusion and method
US4834757A (en) * 1987-01-22 1989-05-30 Brantigan John W Prosthetic implant
US5797909A (en) * 1988-06-13 1998-08-25 Michelson; Gary Karlin Apparatus for inserting spinal implants
US5015247A (en) * 1988-06-13 1991-05-14 Michelson Gary K Threaded spinal implant
US5741253A (en) * 1988-06-13 1998-04-21 Michelson; Gary Karlin Method for inserting spinal implants
US5772661A (en) * 1988-06-13 1998-06-30 Michelson; Gary Karlin Methods and instrumentation for the surgical correction of human thoracic and lumbar spinal disease from the antero-lateral aspect of the spine
US5785710A (en) * 1988-06-13 1998-07-28 Sofamor Danek Group, Inc. Interbody spinal fusion implants
US5484437A (en) * 1988-06-13 1996-01-16 Michelson; Gary K. Apparatus and method of inserting spinal implants
US5593409A (en) * 1988-06-13 1997-01-14 Sofamor Danek Group, Inc. Interbody spinal fusion implants
US5522899A (en) * 1988-06-28 1996-06-04 Sofamor Danek Properties, Inc. Artificial spinal fusion implants
US5026373A (en) * 1988-10-17 1991-06-25 Surgical Dynamics, Inc. Surgical method and apparatus for fusing adjacent bone structures
US5489308A (en) * 1989-07-06 1996-02-06 Spine-Tech, Inc. Spinal implant
US4932975A (en) * 1989-10-16 1990-06-12 Vanderbilt University Vertebral prosthesis
US5290494A (en) * 1990-03-05 1994-03-01 Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System Process of making a resorbable implantation device
US5540688A (en) * 1991-05-30 1996-07-30 Societe "Psi" Intervertebral stabilization device incorporating dampers
US5306307A (en) * 1991-07-22 1994-04-26 Calcitek, Inc. Spinal disk implant
US5413602A (en) * 1991-09-30 1995-05-09 Howmedica Gmbh Vertebral body spacer device
US5306309A (en) * 1992-05-04 1994-04-26 Calcitek, Inc. Spinal disk implant and implantation kit
US5534030A (en) * 1993-02-09 1996-07-09 Acromed Corporation Spine disc
US5489307A (en) * 1993-02-10 1996-02-06 Spine-Tech, Inc. Spinal stabilization surgical method
US5405391A (en) * 1993-02-16 1995-04-11 Hednerson; Fraser C. Fusion stabilization chamber
US5425772A (en) * 1993-09-20 1995-06-20 Brantigan; John W. Prosthetic implant for intervertebral spinal fusion
US5888224A (en) * 1993-09-21 1999-03-30 Synthesis (U.S.A.) Implant for intervertebral space
US5716415A (en) * 1993-10-01 1998-02-10 Acromed Corporation Spinal implant
US5443514A (en) * 1993-10-01 1995-08-22 Acromed Corporation Method for using spinal implants
US5397364A (en) * 1993-10-12 1995-03-14 Danek Medical, Inc. Anterior interbody fusion device
US5514180A (en) * 1994-01-14 1996-05-07 Heggeness; Michael H. Prosthetic intervertebral devices
US5443515A (en) * 1994-01-26 1995-08-22 Implex Corporation Vertebral body prosthetic implant with slidably positionable stabilizing member
US5431658A (en) * 1994-02-14 1995-07-11 Moskovich; Ronald Facilitator for vertebrae grafts and prostheses
US5611800A (en) * 1994-02-15 1997-03-18 Alphatec Manufacturing, Inc. Spinal fixation system
US5653762A (en) * 1994-03-18 1997-08-05 Pisharodi; Madhavan Method of stabilizing adjacent vertebrae with rotating, lockable, middle-expanded intervertebral disk stabilizer
US5653761A (en) * 1994-03-18 1997-08-05 Pisharodi; Madhavan Method of lumbar intervertebral disk stabilization
US5609636A (en) * 1994-05-23 1997-03-11 Spine-Tech, Inc. Spinal implant
US5885299A (en) * 1994-09-15 1999-03-23 Surgical Dynamics, Inc. Apparatus and method for implant insertion
US5766252A (en) * 1995-01-24 1998-06-16 Osteonics Corp. Interbody spinal prosthetic implant and method
US6059829A (en) * 1995-03-08 2000-05-09 Synthese Intervertebral implant
US5632747A (en) * 1995-03-15 1997-05-27 Osteotech, Inc. Bone dowel cutter
US5782830A (en) * 1995-10-16 1998-07-21 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Implant insertion device
US5645598A (en) * 1996-01-16 1997-07-08 Smith & Nephew, Inc. Spinal fusion device with porous material
US5865845A (en) * 1996-03-05 1999-02-02 Thalgott; John S. Prosthetic intervertebral disc
US6083225A (en) * 1996-03-14 2000-07-04 Surgical Dynamics, Inc. Method and instrumentation for implant insertion
US6235059B1 (en) * 1996-04-03 2001-05-22 Scient'x (Societe A Responsabilite Limitee) Intersomatic setting and fusion system
US6015436A (en) * 1996-06-07 2000-01-18 Heinrich Ulrich Implant for filling a space between vertebrae
US5741261A (en) * 1996-06-25 1998-04-21 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Minimally invasive spinal surgical methods and instruments
US6503279B1 (en) * 1996-09-04 2003-01-07 Synthes (Usa) Intervertebral implant
US6045580A (en) * 1996-09-06 2000-04-04 Osteotech, Inc. Fusion implant device and method of use
US6371989B1 (en) * 1996-09-13 2002-04-16 Jean-Luc Chauvin Method of providing proper vertebral spacing
US5782832A (en) * 1996-10-01 1998-07-21 Surgical Dynamics, Inc. Spinal fusion implant and method of insertion thereof
US5728159A (en) * 1997-01-02 1998-03-17 Musculoskeletal Transplant Foundation Serrated bone graft
US6048342A (en) * 1997-01-02 2000-04-11 St. Francis Medical Technologies, Inc. Spine distraction implant
US6039761A (en) * 1997-02-12 2000-03-21 Li Medical Technologies, Inc. Intervertebral spacer and tool and method for emplacement thereof
US6063088A (en) * 1997-03-24 2000-05-16 United States Surgical Corporation Method and instrumentation for implant insertion
US6042582A (en) * 1997-05-20 2000-03-28 Ray; Charles D. Instrumentation and method for facilitating insertion of spinal implant
US5910315A (en) * 1997-07-18 1999-06-08 Stevenson; Sharon Allograft tissue material for filling spinal fusion cages or related surgical spaces
US5904719A (en) * 1997-07-24 1999-05-18 Techsys Medical, Llc Interbody fusion device having partial circular section cross-sectional segments
US6241771B1 (en) * 1997-08-13 2001-06-05 Cambridge Scientific, Inc. Resorbable interbody spinal fusion devices
US6746484B1 (en) * 1997-08-26 2004-06-08 Society De Fabrication De Materiel De Orthopedique, S.A. Spinal implant
US5865848A (en) * 1997-09-12 1999-02-02 Artifex, Ltd. Dynamic intervertebral spacer and method of use
US6193756B1 (en) * 1997-09-30 2001-02-27 Sulzer Orthopaedie Ag Tubular support body for bridging two vertebrae
US6986788B2 (en) * 1998-01-30 2006-01-17 Synthes (U.S.A.) Intervertebral allograft spacer
US6224631B1 (en) * 1998-03-20 2001-05-01 Sulzer Spine-Tech Inc. Intervertebral implant with reduced contact area and method
US6241769B1 (en) * 1998-05-06 2001-06-05 Cortek, Inc. Implant for spinal fusion
US6251140B1 (en) * 1998-05-27 2001-06-26 Nuvasive, Inc. Interlocking spinal inserts
US6409766B1 (en) * 1998-07-30 2002-06-25 Expanding Concepts, Llc Collapsible and expandable interbody fusion device
US6258125B1 (en) * 1998-08-03 2001-07-10 Synthes (U.S.A.) Intervertebral allograft spacer
US6200347B1 (en) * 1999-01-05 2001-03-13 Lifenet Composite bone graft, method of making and using same
US6383221B1 (en) * 1999-01-22 2002-05-07 Osteotech, Inc. Method for forming an intervertebral implant
US6224607B1 (en) * 1999-01-25 2001-05-01 Gary K. Michelson Instrumentation and method for creating an intervertebral space for receiving an implant
US7244258B2 (en) * 1999-02-04 2007-07-17 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Methods and instrumentation for vertebral interbody fusion
US6676703B2 (en) * 1999-02-25 2004-01-13 Depuy Acromed, Inc. Spinal fusion implant
US6110210A (en) * 1999-04-08 2000-08-29 Raymedica, Inc. Prosthetic spinal disc nucleus having selectively coupled bodies
US6387130B1 (en) * 1999-04-16 2002-05-14 Nuvasive, Inc. Segmented linked intervertebral implant systems
US6277149B1 (en) * 1999-06-08 2001-08-21 Osteotech, Inc. Ramp-shaped intervertebral implant
US6743255B2 (en) * 1999-08-13 2004-06-01 Bret Ferree Spinal fusion cage with lordosis correction
US6527773B1 (en) * 1999-10-07 2003-03-04 Osteotech, Inc. Cervical dowel and insertion tool
US6432140B1 (en) * 1999-12-10 2002-08-13 Chih-I Lin Intervertebral retrieval device
US6984245B2 (en) * 2000-02-22 2006-01-10 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Anterior impacted bone graft and driver instruments
US6851430B2 (en) * 2000-05-01 2005-02-08 Paul M. Tsou Method and apparatus for endoscopic spinal surgery
US6755841B2 (en) * 2000-05-08 2004-06-29 Depuy Acromed, Inc. Medical installation tool
US7018416B2 (en) * 2000-07-06 2006-03-28 Zimmer Spine, Inc. Bone implants and methods
US6706067B2 (en) * 2000-11-03 2004-03-16 Osteotech, Inc. Spinal intervertebral implant and method of making
US6746454B2 (en) * 2000-11-07 2004-06-08 Osteotech, Inc. Implant insertion tool
US6595998B2 (en) * 2001-03-08 2003-07-22 Spinewave, Inc. Tissue distraction device
US6989031B2 (en) * 2001-04-02 2006-01-24 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Hemi-interbody spinal implant manufactured from a major long bone ring or a bone composite
US6440142B1 (en) * 2001-04-27 2002-08-27 Third Millennium Engineering, Llc Femoral ring loader
US6855167B2 (en) * 2001-12-05 2005-02-15 Osteotech, Inc. Spinal intervertebral implant, interconnections for such implant and processes for making
US7192447B2 (en) * 2002-12-19 2007-03-20 Synthes (Usa) Intervertebral implant
US7326251B2 (en) * 2003-04-01 2008-02-05 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Interbody fusion device
US7951203B2 (en) * 2003-04-01 2011-05-31 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Interbody fusion device
US8016829B2 (en) * 2004-02-09 2011-09-13 Depuy Spine, Inc. Systems and methods for spinal surgery
US8187334B2 (en) * 2004-03-29 2012-05-29 Nuvasive, Inc. System and methods for spinal fusion
US8246686B1 (en) * 2004-03-29 2012-08-21 Nuvasive, Inc. Systems and methods for spinal fusion
US8361156B2 (en) * 2004-03-29 2013-01-29 Nuvasive, Inc. Systems and methods for spinal fusion
US7776095B2 (en) * 2005-03-28 2010-08-17 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Spinal system and method including lateral approach
US7867277B1 (en) * 2005-07-15 2011-01-11 Nuvasive Inc. Spinal fusion implant and related methods
US20070162138A1 (en) * 2005-12-12 2007-07-12 Sdgi Holdings, Inc. Vertebral implant and insertion tool
US20080058933A1 (en) * 2006-07-31 2008-03-06 Ronald Garner Spinal fusion implant

Cited By (109)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9259329B2 (en) 2004-09-21 2016-02-16 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Expandable support device and method of use
US9314349B2 (en) 2004-09-21 2016-04-19 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Expandable support device and method of use
US11051954B2 (en) 2004-09-21 2021-07-06 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Expandable support device and method of use
US10918498B2 (en) 2004-11-24 2021-02-16 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement
US11096799B2 (en) 2004-11-24 2021-08-24 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for inter-vertebral orthopedic device placement
US9770339B2 (en) 2005-07-14 2017-09-26 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Expandable support device and method of use
US11701233B2 (en) 2005-12-23 2023-07-18 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Flexible elongated chain implant and method of supporting body tissue with same
US11406508B2 (en) 2005-12-23 2022-08-09 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Flexible elongated chain implant and method of supporting body tissue with same
US10881520B2 (en) 2005-12-23 2021-01-05 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Flexible elongated chain implant and method of supporting body tissue with same
US9956085B2 (en) 2005-12-23 2018-05-01 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Flexible elongated chain implant and method of supporting body tissue with same
US9289240B2 (en) 2005-12-23 2016-03-22 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Flexible elongated chain implant and method of supporting body tissue with same
US11141208B2 (en) 2006-05-01 2021-10-12 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Expandable support device and method of use
US10758289B2 (en) 2006-05-01 2020-09-01 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Expandable support device and method of use
US10813677B2 (en) 2006-05-01 2020-10-27 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Expandable support device and method of use
US9737413B2 (en) 2006-07-31 2017-08-22 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Spinal fusion implant
US10010428B2 (en) 2006-07-31 2018-07-03 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Spinal fusion implant
US9713538B2 (en) 2006-07-31 2017-07-25 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Spinal fusion implant
US8936643B2 (en) 2006-07-31 2015-01-20 DePuy Synthes Products, LLC Spinal fusion implant
US10695191B2 (en) 2006-07-31 2020-06-30 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Spinal fusion implant
US9320614B2 (en) 2006-07-31 2016-04-26 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Spinal fusion implant
US9387091B2 (en) 2006-07-31 2016-07-12 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Spinal fusion implant
US10292828B2 (en) 2008-11-12 2019-05-21 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Fixation device and method
US10940014B2 (en) 2008-11-12 2021-03-09 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Fixation device and method
US10285819B2 (en) 2008-11-12 2019-05-14 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Fixation device and method
US10285820B2 (en) 2008-11-12 2019-05-14 Stout Medical Group, L.P. Fixation device and method
US10426627B2 (en) * 2009-04-16 2019-10-01 Nuvasive, Inc. Methods and apparatus for performing spine surgery
US20180000604A1 (en) * 2009-04-16 2018-01-04 Nuvasive, Inc. Methods and Apparatus for Performing Spine Surgery
US11246713B2 (en) 2009-04-16 2022-02-15 Nuvasive, Inc. Methods and apparatus for performing spine surgery
US20110029083A1 (en) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Flexible Spinal Implant
US20110029085A1 (en) * 2009-07-31 2011-02-03 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Flexible spinal implant
US10195049B2 (en) 2009-11-05 2019-02-05 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Self-pivoting spinal implant and associated instrumentation
US9931224B2 (en) 2009-11-05 2018-04-03 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Self-pivoting spinal implant and associated instrumentation
US10792166B2 (en) 2009-11-05 2020-10-06 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Self-pivoting spinal implant and associated instrumentation
US11712349B2 (en) 2009-11-05 2023-08-01 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Self-pivoting spinal implant and associated instrumentation
US10945861B2 (en) 2009-12-07 2021-03-16 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for minimally invasive spinal stabilization and instrumentation
US11918486B2 (en) 2009-12-07 2024-03-05 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for minimally invasive spinal stabilization and instrumentation
US10543107B2 (en) 2009-12-07 2020-01-28 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for minimally invasive spinal stabilization and instrumentation
US10610380B2 (en) 2009-12-07 2020-04-07 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for minimally invasive spinal stabilization and instrumentation
US10857004B2 (en) 2009-12-07 2020-12-08 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for minimally invasive spinal stabilization and instrumentation
US10405989B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2019-09-10 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Lateral spondylolisthesis reduction cage
US9592063B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2017-03-14 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Universal trial for lateral cages
US9907560B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2018-03-06 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Flexible vertebral body shavers
US10646350B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2020-05-12 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Multi-segment lateral cages adapted to flex substantially in the coronal plane
US9801639B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2017-10-31 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Lateral spondylolisthesis reduction cage
US9801640B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2017-10-31 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Lateral spondylolisthesis reduction cage
US11911287B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2024-02-27 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Lateral spondylolisthesis reduction cage
US9282979B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2016-03-15 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Instruments and methods for non-parallel disc space preparation
US10588754B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2020-03-17 DePuy Snythes Products, Inc. Lateral spondylolisthesis reduction cage and instruments and methods for non-parallel disc space preparation
US9763678B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2017-09-19 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Multi-segment lateral cage adapted to flex substantially in the coronal plane
US10449057B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2019-10-22 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Lateral spondylolisthesis reduction cage
US8845733B2 (en) 2010-06-24 2014-09-30 DePuy Synthes Products, LLC Lateral spondylolisthesis reduction cage
US10070968B2 (en) * 2010-08-24 2018-09-11 Flexmedex, LLC Support device and method for use
US20130173004A1 (en) * 2010-08-24 2013-07-04 Flexmedex, LLC Support device and method for use
US20160022429A1 (en) * 2010-08-24 2016-01-28 Flexmedex, LLC Support device and method for use
US10952868B2 (en) 2010-10-05 2021-03-23 Eit Emerging Implant Technologies Gmbh Intervertebral device and methods of use
US9408710B2 (en) * 2010-10-05 2016-08-09 Morgan Packard Lorio Intervertebral device and methods of use
US20120083889A1 (en) * 2010-10-05 2012-04-05 Alphatec Spine, Inc. Intervertebral device and methods of use
US9149286B1 (en) 2010-11-12 2015-10-06 Flexmedex, LLC Guidance tool and method for use
US8512408B2 (en) * 2010-12-17 2013-08-20 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Flexiable spinal implant
US20120158140A1 (en) * 2010-12-17 2012-06-21 Warsaw Orothropedic, Inc. Flexiable spinal implant
US11369490B2 (en) 2011-03-22 2022-06-28 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Universal trial for lateral cages
US20120290089A1 (en) * 2011-05-10 2012-11-15 Melamed Hooman M Vertebral spacer
US9005292B2 (en) * 2011-05-10 2015-04-14 Hooman M. MELAMED Vertebral spacer
US11039935B2 (en) * 2011-06-17 2021-06-22 Global Medical Inc Expandable spinal implant and flexible driver
EP2747682A4 (en) * 2011-08-23 2015-01-21 Flexmedex Llc Tissue removal device and method
EP2747682A1 (en) * 2011-08-23 2014-07-02 Flexmedex, LLC Tissue removal device and method
US9050112B2 (en) 2011-08-23 2015-06-09 Flexmedex, LLC Tissue removal device and method
US20150265417A1 (en) * 2011-09-21 2015-09-24 Flexmedex, LLC Support device and method
US11517449B2 (en) 2011-09-23 2022-12-06 Samy Abdou Spinal fixation devices and methods of use
US9314350B1 (en) * 2011-09-23 2016-04-19 Samy Abdou Spinal fixation devices and methods of use
US9610176B1 (en) 2011-09-23 2017-04-04 Samy Abdou Spinal fixation devices and methods of use
US10575961B1 (en) 2011-09-23 2020-03-03 Samy Abdou Spinal fixation devices and methods of use
US9901458B1 (en) 2011-09-23 2018-02-27 Samy Abdou Spinal fixation devices and methods of use
US11324608B2 (en) 2011-09-23 2022-05-10 Samy Abdou Spinal fixation devices and methods of use
US9867714B1 (en) 2011-09-23 2018-01-16 Samy Abdou Spinal fixation devices and methods of use
US9687356B1 (en) * 2011-10-07 2017-06-27 Nuvasive, Inc. Spinal fusion implants and related methods
US11839413B2 (en) 2012-02-22 2023-12-12 Samy Abdou Spinous process fixation devices and methods of use
US11006982B2 (en) 2012-02-22 2021-05-18 Samy Abdou Spinous process fixation devices and methods of use
US9226764B2 (en) 2012-03-06 2016-01-05 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Conformable soft tissue removal instruments
US10695105B2 (en) 2012-08-28 2020-06-30 Samy Abdou Spinal fixation devices and methods of use
US11559336B2 (en) 2012-08-28 2023-01-24 Samy Abdou Spinal fixation devices and methods of use
US10111757B2 (en) 2012-10-22 2018-10-30 Cogent Spine, LLC Devices and methods for spinal stabilization and instrumentation
US11173040B2 (en) * 2012-10-22 2021-11-16 Cogent Spine, LLC Devices and methods for spinal stabilization and instrumentation
US11918483B2 (en) 2012-10-22 2024-03-05 Cogent Spine Llc Devices and methods for spinal stabilization and instrumentation
US10022245B2 (en) 2012-12-17 2018-07-17 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Polyaxial articulating instrument
US9486330B2 (en) 2013-03-01 2016-11-08 Bones And Spine Surgery Inc. Minimally invasive method and surgical tools for trans-PSOAS approach
US11497619B2 (en) 2013-03-07 2022-11-15 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Intervertebral implant
US10231843B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2019-03-19 Benvenue Medical, Inc. Spinal fusion implants and devices and methods for deploying such implants
US20140277481A1 (en) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-18 Benvenue Medical, Inc. Spinal fusion implants and devices and methods for deploying such implants
US9480574B2 (en) * 2013-03-14 2016-11-01 Benvenue Medical, Inc. Spinal fusion implants and devices and methods for deploying such implants
US20230056904A1 (en) * 2014-07-07 2023-02-23 Warsaw Orthopedic, Inc. Multiple spinal surgical pathways systems and methods
US11224453B2 (en) 2014-07-08 2022-01-18 Spinal Elements, Inc. Apparatus and methods for disrupting intervertebral disc tissue
US11564811B2 (en) 2015-02-06 2023-01-31 Spinal Elements, Inc. Graft material injector system and method
US11246718B2 (en) 2015-10-14 2022-02-15 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for vertebral stabilization
US10857003B1 (en) 2015-10-14 2020-12-08 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for vertebral stabilization
CN105997311A (en) * 2016-06-30 2016-10-12 李照文 Adjustable interbody fusion device
US10973648B1 (en) 2016-10-25 2021-04-13 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment
US11259935B1 (en) 2016-10-25 2022-03-01 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment
US11058548B1 (en) 2016-10-25 2021-07-13 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment
US11752008B1 (en) 2016-10-25 2023-09-12 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment
US10744000B1 (en) 2016-10-25 2020-08-18 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment
US10548740B1 (en) 2016-10-25 2020-02-04 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for vertebral bone realignment
US11771483B2 (en) 2017-03-22 2023-10-03 Spinal Elements, Inc. Minimal impact access system to disc space
US10966843B2 (en) 2017-07-18 2021-04-06 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Implant inserters and related methods
US11690734B2 (en) 2017-08-14 2023-07-04 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Intervertebral implant inserters and related methods
US11045331B2 (en) 2017-08-14 2021-06-29 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Intervertebral implant inserters and related methods
US11583327B2 (en) 2018-01-29 2023-02-21 Spinal Elements, Inc. Minimally invasive interbody fusion
US11471145B2 (en) 2018-03-16 2022-10-18 Spinal Elements, Inc. Articulated instrumentation and methods of using the same
US11179248B2 (en) 2018-10-02 2021-11-23 Samy Abdou Devices and methods for spinal implantation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US9101491B2 (en) 2015-08-11
US10898339B2 (en) 2021-01-26
US20160067054A1 (en) 2016-03-10
US20210128314A1 (en) 2021-05-06
US9943415B2 (en) 2018-04-17
US20180200071A1 (en) 2018-07-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US20210128314A1 (en) Spinal Surgical Implant and Related Methods
US11701236B2 (en) Articulating expandable intervertebral implant
US20210298915A1 (en) Stabilized expandable intervertebral spacer
US9861494B2 (en) Universally expanding cage
US7815682B1 (en) Spinal fusion implant and related methods
US10285823B2 (en) Spinal implants
JP2022082722A (en) Expanding interbody implant and articulating inserter, and methods of use
US9351849B2 (en) Intervertebral implant facilitating unilateral placement, instruments and methods
US8043377B2 (en) Implantable intervertebral fusion device
US7887595B1 (en) Methods and apparatus for spinal fusion
US6258125B1 (en) Intervertebral allograft spacer
USRE38614E1 (en) Intervertebral allograft spacer
US9226834B2 (en) Spinal fusion implant and related methods
EP3769725B1 (en) Expanding intervertebral implants
US11850161B2 (en) Expanding intervertebral implants

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: NUVASIVE, INC., CALIFORNIA

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:RODGERS, W. BLAKE;CURRAN, MATTHEW;ARNOLD, BENJAMIN;SIGNING DATES FROM 20090329 TO 20090401;REEL/FRAME:022505/0126

STCF Information on status: patent grant

Free format text: PATENTED CASE

AS Assignment

Owner name: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, CALIFORNIA

Free format text: NOTICE OF GRANT OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNORS:NUVASIVE, INC.;IMPULSE MONITORING, INC.;REEL/FRAME:040634/0404

Effective date: 20160208

Owner name: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, CA

Free format text: NOTICE OF GRANT OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNORS:NUVASIVE, INC.;IMPULSE MONITORING, INC.;REEL/FRAME:040634/0404

Effective date: 20160208

AS Assignment

Owner name: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, TE

Free format text: NOTICE OF GRANT OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNORS:NUVASIVE, INC.;BIOTRONIC NATIONAL, LLC;NUVASIVE CLINICAL SERVICES MONITORING, INC.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:042490/0236

Effective date: 20170425

Owner name: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, TEXAS

Free format text: NOTICE OF GRANT OF SECURITY INTEREST IN PATENTS;ASSIGNORS:NUVASIVE, INC.;BIOTRONIC NATIONAL, LLC;NUVASIVE CLINICAL SERVICES MONITORING, INC.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:042490/0236

Effective date: 20170425

MAFP Maintenance fee payment

Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 4TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1551); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

Year of fee payment: 4

AS Assignment

Owner name: BANK OF AMERICA, N.A., AS ADMINISTRATIVE AGENT, NORTH CAROLINA

Free format text: SECURITY INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:NUVASIVE, INC.;NUVASIVE CLINICAL SERVICES MONITORING, INC.;NUVASIVE CLINICAL SERVICES, INC.;AND OTHERS;REEL/FRAME:052918/0595

Effective date: 20200224

MAFP Maintenance fee payment

Free format text: PAYMENT OF MAINTENANCE FEE, 8TH YEAR, LARGE ENTITY (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: M1552); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY

Year of fee payment: 8