EP1147294A1 - Procede et dispositif de conduite d'une turbomachine, de maniere a limiter l'encrassement de parties internes de la turbomachine par des salissures provenant du gaz de procede - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif de conduite d'une turbomachine, de maniere a limiter l'encrassement de parties internes de la turbomachine par des salissures provenant du gaz de procedeInfo
- Publication number
- EP1147294A1 EP1147294A1 EP00900529A EP00900529A EP1147294A1 EP 1147294 A1 EP1147294 A1 EP 1147294A1 EP 00900529 A EP00900529 A EP 00900529A EP 00900529 A EP00900529 A EP 00900529A EP 1147294 A1 EP1147294 A1 EP 1147294A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- turbomachine
- circuit
- substance
- cleaning
- impurities
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 101100203601 Caenorhabditis elegans sor-3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/002—Cleaning of turbomachines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/70—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning
- F04D29/701—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/705—Adding liquids
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for operating a turbomachine comprising an inlet and an outlet for a process gas, so as to limit the fouling of internal parts of the turbomachine by dirt coming from the process gas.
- the fouling of the internal parts of turbomachinery, and in particular of centrifugal compressors, is a phenomenon that the user can hardly control or prevent.
- the conduct of the process implemented in the turbomachine can be modified significantly.
- pressure and temperature levels or traffic flows in the compressor can be changed due to the formation of deposits in the aerodynamic channels such as blades or compressor diffusers.
- the mechanical elements of the turbomachine can be subjected to stresses leading to their deterioration. It is therefore necessary to protect these mechanical elements.
- the unbalance, axial thrust variations, soiling or inter linings ⁇ nes caused by deposits on the dynamic parts of the turbomachine may induce vibrations that are detrimental to the proper operation of the turbomachine.
- the deposition and agglomeration of dirt on the internal parts of turbomachinery and in particular of centrifugal compressors are due to two main causes.
- the filters or the separators arranged upstream of the turbomachines cannot stop particles having a size of a few micrometers which deposit on the internal parts of the turbomachine.
- the pressure and temperature levels reached in the compressor, as well as the nature of the gases whose compression is carried out favor reactions of the polymerization type on the deposited materials or corrosion of the internal parts of the compressor under '
- fouling of the internal parts of turbomachinery and in particular of centrifugal compressors is a general phenomenon which occurs in all cases during normal operation of the turbomachine.
- Anti-fouling coating processes or solvents or chemical additives are known which make it possible to reduce or eliminate fouling, in certain specific cases.
- the main methods used which can be combined with one another consist of:
- each of the methods is adapted to a particular case and no method is known which is of general application.
- Cleaning processes are also known which are applied outside the sector of the operation of turbomachinery and which use a solvent constituted by a dense fluid under pressure such as carbon dioxide, in the liquid state or even in the supercritical state. . In such processes, carbon dioxide can be used in place of organic solvents.
- Carbon dioxide CO 2 has a critical point at a pressure of 73 bars (7.3 MPa) and at a temperature of 31 ° C.
- These cleaning methods use carbon dioxide at a pressure higher than the critical pressure and at a temperature which can be lower than the critical temperature, the carbon dioxide then being liquid, or even at a temperature higher than the critical temperature, the carbon dioxide then being in a supercritical state intermediate between the liquid and gaseous states.
- the critical CO 2 pressure and temperature values which are not very difficult to achieve, allow industrial application.
- turbochargers which have an inlet into which a gas intervening in a process in which the gas undergoes a physical or chemical transformation is introduced, it is generally desirable to continuously carry out the removal of dirt inside the tur - bocharger, during the operation of this turbocharger. It has been proposed to introduce into the process gas stream, at the inlet of the turbocharger, a substance capable of dissolving the dirt deposited inside the turbocharger. At the outlet of the turbocharger, a fluid is recovered consisting of the process gas and the substance in the supercritical state containing the soils in the dissolved state. It is then necessary to carry out a separation of the process gas and the fluid constituted by the substance containing the soils in the dissolved state.
- the use of the compressor to circulate the dissolving substance is generally incompatible with the dimensioning of the horn. presser due to the level of pressure and developed power necessary for a constant speed of rotation.
- the object of the invention is therefore to propose a method for operating a turbomachine comprising an inlet and an outlet for a process gas put into circulation in a circuit called a process circuit, making it possible to limit fouling of the internal parts of the turbomachine by dirt coming from the process gas, without having to ensure the continuous circulation, regeneration and recycling of a cleaning substance, during all the operating phases of the turbomachine.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that between at least two successive phases of normal operation of the turbomachine during which only process gas is introduced into the inlet of the compressor and the process gas for its use, a cleaning phase is carried out during which a substance in the dense state capable of dissolving the dirt on the internal parts of the turbomachine is introduced into the process circuit the turbomachine and the process gas is separated from the substance in which the dirt is dissolved in the form of impurities in the liquid state.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 which make it possible to implement the method of the invention according to a first mode and according to a second embodiment differ only in the construction of the turbocharger cleaning circuit. In both cases, the same use circuit, or process circuit 1, is used. Therefore, only the process circuit relating to the embodiment of FIG. 1 will be described, the corresponding elements in Figures 1 and 2 showing the same references.
- the cleaning circuits 2 and 2 ′ are different in the case of the first and in the case of the second embodiment of the method of the invention.
- the cleaning circuit 2 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 makes it possible, during the cleaning phases of the turbocharger, to continuously regenerate the dense cleaning substance which is constituted by CO 2 in the supercritical state.
- the cleaning circuit 2 ′ does not perform any regeneration of the substance 0 used which is also CO 2 in the supercritical state, during the cleaning phases, the CO 2 supercritical containing dissolved impurities being recycled in the process circuit 1.
- the supercritical CO 2 containing impurities is recovered in a storage container at the end of the cleaning phase, before restarting a new functional phase s normal installation.
- the circuit of method 1 in the case of the first and second embodiment, comprises a turbocharger 3, the inlet part 4 of which is connected to a pipe 5 for the supply of process gas to circuit 1.
- the gas from process reaching compressor 3 via line 5 contains dirt.
- a shut-off valve 6 makes it possible to shut off the supply of process gas to the circuit 1.
- the turbocharger 3 has an outlet part 7 connected to a pipe 8 for discharging the compressed gas in the turbocharger 25 towards a separator 9 and a pipe 10 for transferring the compressed gas to an installation for use.
- a heat exchanger 11 is arranged which makes it possible to cool the process gas at the outlet of the turbocharger 3.
- the pipe 8 is connected by a first branch on which is arranged a stop valve 13, at the first separation 30 teur liquid gas 9 which is constituted by a filtration unit and, by a second branch on which is disposed a stop valve 14, to a second liquid gas separator 12 also constituted by a filtration unit.
- the process gas containing dirt is introduced into the inlet part 4 of the turbocharger, compressed and then discharged through the outlet part 7 of the turbocharger into the pipe 8.
- the stop valve 14 is closed and the valve 13 is open.
- the compressed and cooled process gas is introduced into the separator 9 which makes it possible to separate from the process gas impurities constituted by condensates.
- the condensates are evacuated via line 15.
- the compressed process gas is evacuated via line 10 to an installation allowing its use.
- the cooling of the process gas by the heat exchanger 11 is adjusted according to the end use of the process gas.
- pollutants contained in the process gas are deposited on internal parts of the turbocharger 3, such as blades or diffusers, these pollutants constituting dirt in the internal part of the compressor.
- the amount of dirt deposited on the internal parts of the compressor can increase with the time of use of the compressor, which leads to the drawbacks which have been mentioned above.
- a cleaning phase which is carried out using in the process circuit, before entry turbocharger 3, a soil dissolving substance consisting of a chemical compound in a dense and preferably supercritical state.
- supercritical C0 2 is used for cleaning the compressor.
- a supply tank 20 containing CO 2 in the supercritical state is used which is placed as a bypass on circuit 2, downstream of the separator 12 on a line 21 leaving the separator 12.
- a three-way valve 19 makes it possible to put the supply tank 20 in communication with the line 21 of the cleaning circuit 2 , so as to introduce supercritical CO into the cleaning circuit 2 or to isolate the line 21 from the supply tank 20.
- clean supercritical CO 2 is introduced into the storage tank 20 by the pipe 27.
- the cleaning circuit 2 is then supplied from the supply tank 20, by opening the three-way valve 19.
- the supercritical CO 2 introduced into the circuit 2 arrives in the pipe 18 to be intr oduit in the process circuit 1 and in the inlet part 4 of the turbocharger 3, in mixture with process gas admitted into the process circuit through line 5.
- the supercritical CO 2 circulating with the process gas in the turbo-compressor 3 dissolves the dirt deposited on the internal parts of the turbocharger. Is recovered in the outlet part 7 of the turbocharger 3, compressed process gas containing CO 2 containing dirt in the dissolved state.
- the process gas containing the dissolved dirt in the C0 2 is cooled in the heat exchanger 11 which produces a condensation of the C0 2 containing the impurities contained in the process gas.
- the second separator 12 separates the compressed process gas which is evacuated towards the installation for use by a line 17 and the liquid mixture of CO 2 and impurities which is evacuated by the line 21 of the cleaning circuit 2.
- the liquid phase consisting of CO 2 and impurities undergoes an expansion produced by an expansion valve 22, so that downstream of the expansion valve 22, the fluid flowing in the cleaning circuit 2 is constituted by CO 2 in gaseous form and impurities dissolved in the liquid state.
- the fluid passes through a separator 23 of the cleaning circuit 2 constituted by a gas / liquid separator filter.
- the separator 23 separates the gaseous CO which is sent by an outlet pipe in a compressor 24 and impurities dissolved in the liquid state or possibly in the solid state which are discharged from the separator 23, by a discharge pipe 25.
- the purified CO 2 gas is compressed by the compressor 24 and passes through a heat exchanger 26 which makes it possible to raise the temperature of the compressed CO, so that at the outlet of the heat exchanger 26, the fluid circulating in the circuit cleaning 2 consists of clean supercritical C0 2 which can be returned to process circuit 1, via line 18.
- the cleaning circuit can thus be operated continuously, until satisfactory cleaning of the internal parts of the turbo-compressor 3 is obtained.
- valves 14 and 16 are closed and the stop valve 13 of the process circuit is opened. This begins a new phase of normal operation of the turbocharger 3 and the installation.
- the three-way valve 19 is placed in a position enabling the cleaning C0 2 to be recovered in the supply container 20.
- the installation comprising the turbocharger 3 can operate continuously with intermittent cleaning phases making it possible to avoid excessive fouling of the turbocharger. sor 3.
- the duration of the normal operating phases and of the cleaning phases is adjusted so as to avoid excessive fouling of the turbocharger 3, while limiting the additional energy expenditure due in particular to the use of the compressor 24 on the cleaning circuit. 2.
- the process circuit 1 is identical to the process circuit implemented in the case of the first embodiment.
- the cleaning circuit 2 ′ comprises, as before, the shut-off valves 14 and 16 and the second separator 12 making it possible to recover from the line 21 ′ of the cleaning circuit 2 ′, during cleaning, a liquid phase constituted with CO 2 containing dirt from the turbocharger 3 in the dissolved state.
- the cleaning circuit according to the second embodiment in which regeneration of the dissolving substance is not carried out has a simpler structure than the cleaning circuit 2 of the first embodiment.
- the cleaning circuit comprises, following the separator 12, a CO 2 recovery tank 20 'and a pump 24'.
- CO 2 in the supercritical state is introduced into the CO 2 recovery tank 20 ′, at the start of the cleaning phase.
- the supercritical CO 2 is sent by the pump 24 'in the line 18 connected to the process circuit 1.
- the supercritical C0 2 containing liquid impurities is collected in the storage tank 20 ′, the discharge pipe 25 ′ of which is closed. driven by a valve.
- the CO 2 in the supercritical state containing impurities is then sucked by the pump 24 'then discharged into the pipe 18 to be reintroduced into the process gas.
- Cleaning is thus carried out by circulation of CO 2 in the supercritical state, in the process circuit 1 and in the cleaning circuit, until the time when the supercritical CO 2 is saturated with impurities in the liquid state.
- the cleaning circuit 2 ' is then isolated from the process circuit 1 and the supercritical CO 2 containing liquid impurities is recovered in the recovery tank 20'. The installation is returned to normal operation.
- the supercritical C0 2 containing dirt in the liquid state is evacuated via the evacuation pipe 25 'from the recovery container 20' and, optionally, regenerated by separation of the CO 2 and liquid impurities, for example by a process of expansion and vaporization of C0 2 followed by filtration.
- CO 2 in the supercritical state is introduced into the container 20 ′ to carry out a subsequent cleaning step.
- the installation can also operate continuously, the cleaning capacity of the turbocharger 3 being limited only by increasing the quantity of impurities dissolved in the CO 2 in the state supercritical and reaching saturation state.
- the regeneration of CO 2 in the liquid state or in the supercritical state could be carried out by decanting the liquid impurities inside a decanting container or possibly inside the recovery container 21 ′.
- the installation can be operated continuously, without excessive fouling of the turbocharger, by adjusting the duration of the successive phases of normal operation and cleaning.
- the method according to the first embodiment which has the advantage of greater flexibility of implementation, however has the disadvantage of requiring greater energy expenditure. This energy expenditure depends in fact on the duration of the cleaning phases interspersed between two phases of normal operation of the installation.
- substances other than C0 2 in the supercritical state can be used for dissolving the dirt in the turbocharger.
- Such substances can be, for example, water (H 2 0), propane (C3H8) or pentane (C 5 H 12 ), in the supercritical state.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9901047 | 1999-01-29 | ||
FR9901047A FR2789128B1 (fr) | 1999-01-29 | 1999-01-29 | Procede et dispositif de conduite d'une turbomachine de maniere a limiter l'encrassement de parties internes de la turbomachine par des salissures provenant du gaz de procede |
PCT/FR2000/000013 WO2000045034A1 (fr) | 1999-01-29 | 2000-01-05 | Procede et dispositif de conduite d'une turbomachine, de maniere a limiter l'encrassement de parties internes de la turbomachine par des salissures provenant du gaz de procede |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1147294A1 true EP1147294A1 (fr) | 2001-10-24 |
EP1147294B1 EP1147294B1 (fr) | 2003-09-10 |
Family
ID=9541398
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00900529A Expired - Lifetime EP1147294B1 (fr) | 1999-01-29 | 2000-01-05 | Procede et dispositif de conduite d'une turbomachine, de maniere a limiter l'encrassement de parties internes de la turbomachine par des salissures provenant du gaz de procede |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6575711B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1147294B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60005139T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2789128B1 (fr) |
NO (1) | NO20012640L (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2000045034A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8858720B2 (en) * | 2008-12-09 | 2014-10-14 | Chevron Belgium Nv | Method for cleaning deposits from turbocharger and supercharger compressors |
CN101922313B (zh) * | 2009-06-09 | 2013-06-26 | 同济大学 | 一种抑制地热发电用汽轮机结垢的方法 |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4411413A (en) | 1980-11-24 | 1983-10-25 | The Budd Company | Apparatus for shoring during the manufacture of a reefer container |
JPS57168527A (en) | 1981-04-10 | 1982-10-16 | Nec Corp | Digital logic circuit |
JPS5885371A (ja) * | 1981-11-13 | 1983-05-21 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | タ−ビン翼へのスケ−ル付着防止法 |
JPS5960036A (ja) * | 1982-09-29 | 1984-04-05 | Hitachi Ltd | ガスタ−ビンの主軸流圧縮機及びタ−ビンの水洗浄系統 |
JPS5977010A (ja) * | 1982-10-25 | 1984-05-02 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 地熱タービンの洗浄方法 |
FR2616883B1 (fr) * | 1987-06-18 | 1990-03-30 | Framatome Sa | Bac d'epuration d'eau de generateur de vapeur |
JPH04334775A (ja) * | 1991-05-13 | 1992-11-20 | Hitachi Ltd | 遠心圧縮機の自圧式羽根車洗浄システム |
US5355901A (en) * | 1992-10-27 | 1994-10-18 | Autoclave Engineers, Ltd. | Apparatus for supercritical cleaning |
US5417768A (en) * | 1993-12-14 | 1995-05-23 | Autoclave Engineers, Inc. | Method of cleaning workpiece with solvent and then with liquid carbon dioxide |
-
1999
- 1999-01-29 FR FR9901047A patent/FR2789128B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-01-05 US US09/890,187 patent/US6575711B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-01-05 WO PCT/FR2000/000013 patent/WO2000045034A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2000-01-05 EP EP00900529A patent/EP1147294B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-01-05 DE DE60005139T patent/DE60005139T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-05-29 NO NO20012640A patent/NO20012640L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO0045034A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US6575711B1 (en) | 2003-06-10 |
FR2789128A1 (fr) | 2000-08-04 |
NO20012640L (no) | 2001-08-27 |
DE60005139T2 (de) | 2004-06-09 |
WO2000045034A1 (fr) | 2000-08-03 |
NO20012640D0 (no) | 2001-05-29 |
FR2789128B1 (fr) | 2001-04-20 |
DE60005139D1 (de) | 2003-10-16 |
EP1147294B1 (fr) | 2003-09-10 |
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