EP0685633A1 - Valve control with a device for varying the opening and closing time of a poppet valve, particularly for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Valve control with a device for varying the opening and closing time of a poppet valve, particularly for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0685633A1
EP0685633A1 EP95106052A EP95106052A EP0685633A1 EP 0685633 A1 EP0685633 A1 EP 0685633A1 EP 95106052 A EP95106052 A EP 95106052A EP 95106052 A EP95106052 A EP 95106052A EP 0685633 A1 EP0685633 A1 EP 0685633A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
drive shaft
camshaft
valve lever
lever
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP95106052A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Gert Fischer
Johannes Hoehl
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Publication of EP0685633A1 publication Critical patent/EP0685633A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0036—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction
    • F01L13/0047—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque the valves being driven by two or more cams with different shape, size or timing or a single cam profiled in axial and radial direction the movement of the valves resulting from the sum of the simultaneous actions of at least two cams, the cams being independently variable in phase in respect of each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0063—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of cam contact point by displacing an intermediate lever or wedge-shaped intermediate element, e.g. Tourtelot

Definitions

  • the invention is based on the preamble of claim 1 from PCT / EP 93/03451.
  • the invention has for its object a generic valve control while avoiding both a cylinder head-side individual support of a valve lever and a separate drive shaft for an arranged in the valve lever forcibly displaceable, acted upon by the control cam intermediate element to further develop such that each valve lever is supported in its storage over a hydrodynamic lubricating film.
  • valve lever which is designed as a rocker arm or as a rocker arm, is arranged such that it can be pivoted or pivoted on the drive shaft, which rotates synchronously with the camshaft, the valve lever bearing being arranged via a hollow drive shaft and a tap hole is connected to the machine lubrication system.
  • valve levers are provided with hydrodynamic lubricating films in their bearings on the drive which is constantly rotating during machine operation -Shaft are arranged.
  • the construction of a cylinder head with respect to the bearing points provided for the drive shaft can be advantageously influenced by a positionally secure arrangement of the respective valve lever between two eccentrics arranged on the drive shaft of a push rod of a push crank gear connected to the intermediate element of the valve lever.
  • the above-described embodiment of the invention also enables, in conjunction with the hollow drive shaft, that further puncture holes penetrating the eccentric are used to supply lubricant into the bearing connection of the eccentric and the push rod.
  • the invention opens up the advantageous embodiment that at least one of the axles is selected as a drive shaft rotating synchronously with the camshaft, which drives an intermediate element a valve lever arranged on the drive shaft and / or an intermediate element of a valve lever mounted on the parallel adjacent axis.
  • This configuration makes it possible to use only one valve lever axis that has been converted into a drive shaft, the intermediate elements of the own and to drive the opposite valve lever or both valve lever types.
  • a non-generic valve control with a role acted upon by the control cam in a swivel lever is known, which can be shifted for the purpose of changing the transmission ratio of the swivel lever to forcibly change the valve lift and associated control time during the control cam base circle phase.
  • the pivot lever is also mounted on a shaft that serves to displace the roller, which, in contrast to the generic valve control for static assignment of the roller to the control cam, is only adjustable in angle of rotation during its base circle phase, as is e.g. is already known from CH-PS 390 617. Neither a suggestion nor a hint for the object of registration can be found in both documents.
  • the valve control 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is equipped with an arrangement 2 for variably changing the opening and closing of a lifting valve 3 serving for gas exchange of an internal combustion engine 4, which is not shown in detail.
  • the lift valve 3 is actuated by a control cam 5 of a camshaft 6 via a valve lever 7.
  • valve lever 7 of the valve control 1 according to FIG. 1 is designed as a rocker arm 9 mounted on the axis 8 so as to be tiltable.
  • the valve lever 7 is a rocker arm 10 which is pivotably mounted on the axis 8.
  • each of the valve levers 7 or 9 and 10 is cam-side with a guide 12 which is essentially concentric with the camshaft axis 11 with each stroke of the valve 3 relative to rotating control cam 5 equipped in the same and / or in the opposite direction positively controlled intermediate element 13.
  • the intermediate element 13 is designed as a roller to reduce friction losses.
  • the roller 13 is in a drive connection via a thrust crank mechanism 16 preferably consisting of push rods 14 and eccentrics 15, for which purpose the rocker arm axis 8 (FIG. 1) or the rocker arm axis 8 (FIG. 2) in one
  • Control device 17 of the arrangement 2 is used as a drive shaft 18 which rotates synchronously with the camshaft 6 and can be rotated relative to the camshaft 6.
  • the constant synchronism of the drive shaft 18 formed from the axis 8 of the respective valve lever 7 and non-rotatably connected to the eccentrics 15 to the camshaft 6 is achieved by means of a gear 19 with a total transmission ratio of 1: 1 of the control device 17.
  • the transmission 19 comprises two gear wheels 20, 21 of equal size, which mesh with one another.
  • the control device 17 includes a rotation angle adjustment device 22, which is arranged as a speed-dependent and / or load-dependent, switchable coupling between the gear wheel 21 and the drive shaft 18 and the relative change in rotational position between the gear wheel 21 and the drive shaft 18 is used and thus between this and the camshaft 6.
  • each drive shaft 18 is hollow, with a tap hole 26 penetrating the wall of the hollow drive shaft 18 being provided in the region of each valve lever bearing 25.
  • Lubricant supplied from the machine lubrication system via the hollow drive shaft 18 and the tap bore 26 causes in the valve lever bearing 25 between the tiltable or pivotable valve lever 7 or 9 and 10 and the drive shaft 18, which rotates synchronously with the camshaft 6, forms a hydrodynamic lubricating film.
  • a high level of operational reliability of the respective valve control 1 is thus achieved in an advantageously simple manner.
  • the eccentric 15 is currently positioned in FIG. 1, taking into account the specified directions of rotation of the camshaft 6 and the drive shaft 18, by means of the rotation angle adjustment device 22 such that it further rolls the roller 13 in the guide 12 of the rocker arm 9 moves in opposite directions relative to the rotating control cam 5 and thus the cam contour consisting of the opening flank 23 and the closing flank 24 comes into effect earlier. A shorter opening of the lift valve 3 is thus achieved.
  • the eccentric 15 moves the roller 13 in the same direction relative to the rotating control cam 5, so that the cam contour consisting of the opening flank 23 and the closing flank 24 becomes effective later and thus a longer opening of the lift valve 3 is effected.
  • the respective valve lever 7 or 9 or 10 between two eccentrics 15 arranged on the drive shaft 18 or axis 8 in a rotationally fixed manner is one with the intermediate element or the roller 13 of the rocker arm 9 or the rocker arm 10 connected push rod 14 of the slider crank mechanism 16 is arranged in a secured position.
  • valve control 1 For a partially illustrated cross-flow cylinder head of an internal combustion engine 4 with an overhead camshaft 6 and a rocker arm or rocker arm axis 8 on the inlet and outlet side, to simplify the valve control 1 further, it can be provided that at least one of the axes 8 than with the camshaft 6 synchronously rotating and relative to it rotationally adjustable drive shaft 18 is designed, for example serves both to drive a roller 13 of a valve lever 7 mounted on the drive shaft 18 and a roller 13 of a valve lever 7 mounted on the parallel adjacent axis 8.
  • An example of a control of the intermediate elements in valve levers for intake and exhaust valves by means of a separate drive shaft is described in the generic PCT / EP 93/03451.

Abstract

The stroke valve (3) is operated from a control cam (5) of a camshaft (6) via a valve lever (7). The valve lever is provided with a same direction and/or counterwise forced controlled roller (13) which via a thrust crank gear (16) is in drive connection with a drive shaft of a control device (17)/(18) synchronously rotating with the camshaft. The valve lever formed as a rocker lever (9) or a pull lever and is tippably or pivotably located on the drive shaft. The valve lever location is in connection with the engine lubricating system via the hollow drive shaft which has a tap hole (26). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung geht gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 von der PCT/EP 93/03451 aus.The invention is based on the preamble of claim 1 from PCT / EP 93/03451.

In diesem Dokument ist eine Ausführung einer gattungsgemäßen Ventilsteuerung gezeigt und beschrieben, bei der Ein- und Auslaßventile von den Steuernocken einer einzigen Nockenwelle über Schlepphebel betätigt sind. Die Schlepphebel für beide Ventilarten sind jeweils im ventilfernen Endbereich einzeln gegen den Zylinderkopf schwenkbeweglich abgestützt. Die Schlepphebel sind über vorzugsweise als Rollen gestaltete Zwischenelemente von den Steuernocken beaufschlagt, wobei die in den Schlepphebeln jeweils geführt angeordneten Rollen mittels Schubstangen von einer gesonderten, mit der Nockenwelle ständig synchron drehenden und zu dieser relativ drehwinkelverstellbaren Welle einer separaten Steuervorrichtung angetrieben sind derart, daß jede Rolle relativ zum drehenden Steuernocken mit diesem gleich- und/oder gegensinnig zwangsgesteuert bewegt ist.In this document, an embodiment of a generic valve control is shown and described, in which intake and exhaust valves are actuated by the control cams of a single camshaft via rocker arms. The rocker arms for both types of valve are individually pivotally supported against the cylinder head in the end area remote from the valve. The rocker arms are acted upon by the control cams via intermediate elements which are preferably designed as rollers, the rollers which are each guided in the rocker arms being driven by means of push rods from a separate shaft, which rotates synchronously with the camshaft and can be rotated relative to this, by a separate control device such that each Roll relative to the rotating control cam with this in the same and / or opposite direction is positively controlled.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine gattungsgemäße Ventilsteuerung unter Vermeidung sowohl einer zylinderkopfseitigen Einzelabstützung eines Ventilhebels als auch einer gesonderten Antriebswelle für ein im Ventilhebel zwangsverlagerbar angeordnetes, vom Steuernocken beaufschlagtes Zwischenelement derart weiterzubilden, daß jeder Ventilhebel in seiner Lagerung über einen hydrodynamischen Schmierfilm getragen ist.The invention has for its object a generic valve control while avoiding both a cylinder head-side individual support of a valve lever and a separate drive shaft for an arranged in the valve lever forcibly displaceable, acted upon by the control cam intermediate element to further develop such that each valve lever is supported in its storage over a hydrodynamic lubricating film.

Diese Aufgabe ist mit dem Patentanspruch 1 dadurch gelöst, daß der als Kipphebel oder als Schlepphebel ausgebildete Ventilhebel auf der zur Nockenwelle ständig synchron drehenden Antriebs-Welle kipp- bzw. schwenkbeweglich gelagert angeordnet ist, wobei die Ventilhebel-Lagerung über eine hohle Antriebs-Welle und einer Stichbohrung mit dem Maschinenschmiersystem in Verbindung steht.This object is achieved with patent claim 1 in that the valve lever, which is designed as a rocker arm or as a rocker arm, is arranged such that it can be pivoted or pivoted on the drive shaft, which rotates synchronously with the camshaft, the valve lever bearing being arranged via a hollow drive shaft and a tap hole is connected to the machine lubrication system.

Mit der erfindungsgemäßen Ausgestaltung der Antriebs-Welle für Zwischenelemente zusätzlich als Kipp- oder Schlepphebel-Achse ist neben dieser die Ventilsteuerung vorteilhaft vereinfachenden Doppelfunktion der für hohe Betriebssicherheit besondere Vorteil gegeben, daß die Ventilhebel über hydrodynamische Schmierfilme in ihren Lagern auf der beim Maschinenbetrieb ständig drehenden Antriebs-Welle angeordnet sind.With the inventive design of the drive shaft for intermediate elements additionally as a rocker arm or rocker arm axis, in addition to this advantageously simplifying the valve control double function, there is a particular advantage for high operational safety that the valve levers are provided with hydrodynamic lubricating films in their bearings on the drive which is constantly rotating during machine operation -Shaft are arranged.

Weiter kann in Ausgestaltung der Erfindung durch eine lagegesicherte Anordnung des jeweiligen Ventilhebels zwischen zwei auf der Antriebs-Welle angeordneten Exzentern einer mit dem Zwischenelement des Ventilhebels verbundenen Schubstange eines Schubkurbelgetriebes die Konstruktion eines Zylinderkopfes bezüglich der für die Antriebs-Welle vorgesehenen Lagerstellen vorteilhaft beeinflußt werden. Die vorbeschriebene Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ermöglicht ferner in Verbindung mit der hohlen Antriebs-Welle, daß weitere, die Exzenter durchsetzende Stichbohrungen der Zuführung von Schmiermittel in die Lagerverbindung von Exzenter und Schubstange dienen.Furthermore, in an embodiment of the invention, the construction of a cylinder head with respect to the bearing points provided for the drive shaft can be advantageously influenced by a positionally secure arrangement of the respective valve lever between two eccentrics arranged on the drive shaft of a push rod of a push crank gear connected to the intermediate element of the valve lever. The above-described embodiment of the invention also enables, in conjunction with the hollow drive shaft, that further puncture holes penetrating the eccentric are used to supply lubricant into the bearing connection of the eccentric and the push rod.

Für einen Querstrom-Zylinderkopf mit obenliegender Nockenwelle und je einer ein- und auslaßseitigen Kipp- oder Schlepphebel-Achse eröffnet die Erfindung die vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung, daß zumindest eine der Achsen als mit der Nockenwelle synchron drehende Antriebs-Welle gewählt ist, die dem Antrieb eines Zwischenelementes eines auf der Antriebs-Welle gelagert angeordneten Ventilhebels und/oder eines Zwischenelementes eines auf der parallel benachbarten Achse gelagerten Ventilhebels dient. Diese Ausgestaltung ermöglicht es, mit nur einer zu einer Antriebs-Welle umgestalteten Ventilhebel-Achse die Zwischenelemente der eigenen und die der gegenüberliegenden Ventilhebel oder die beider Ventilhebelarten anzutreiben.For a cross-flow cylinder head with an overhead camshaft and an inlet and exhaust-side rocker or rocker arm axle, the invention opens up the advantageous embodiment that at least one of the axles is selected as a drive shaft rotating synchronously with the camshaft, which drives an intermediate element a valve lever arranged on the drive shaft and / or an intermediate element of a valve lever mounted on the parallel adjacent axis. This configuration makes it possible to use only one valve lever axis that has been converted into a drive shaft, the intermediate elements of the own and to drive the opposite valve lever or both valve lever types.

Aus der DE-A 42 20 816 ist eine gattungsfremde Ventilsteuerung mit einer vom Steuernocken beaufschlagten Rolle in einem Schwenkhebel bekannt, die zwecks Änderung des Übersetzungsverhältnisses des Schwenkhebels zur zwangsweisen Änderung von Ventilhub und zugehöriger Steuerzeit während der Steuernocken-Grundkreisphase verlagerbar ist. Zwar ist hierbei der Schwenkhebel auch auf einer der Verlagerung der Rolle dienenden Welle gelagert, die jedoch im Gegensatz zur gattungsgemäßen Ventilsteuerung für eine statische Zuordnung der Rolle zum Steuernocken während dessen Grundkreisphase lediglich drehwinkelverstellbar ist, wie dies z.B. aus der CH-PS 390 617 vorbekannt ist. Beiden Dokumenten ist weder eine Anregung noch ein Hinweis für den Anmeldegegenstand zu entnehmen.From DE-A 42 20 816 a non-generic valve control with a role acted upon by the control cam in a swivel lever is known, which can be shifted for the purpose of changing the transmission ratio of the swivel lever to forcibly change the valve lift and associated control time during the control cam base circle phase. Although the pivot lever is also mounted on a shaft that serves to displace the roller, which, in contrast to the generic valve control for static assignment of the roller to the control cam, is only adjustable in angle of rotation during its base circle phase, as is e.g. is already known from CH-PS 390 617. Neither a suggestion nor a hint for the object of registration can be found in both documents.

Die Erfindung ist anhand von in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen beschrieben. Es zeigt

Figur 1
einen auf einer zur Nockenwelle synchron drehenden Antriebs-Welle einer Steuervorrichtung zur Änderung der Ventilöffnungsperiode gelagert angeordneten Kipphebel und in
Figur 2
einen auf einer derartigen Antriebs-Welle angeordneten Schlepphebel.
The invention is described with reference to exemplary embodiments shown schematically in the drawing. It shows
Figure 1
a rocker arm mounted on a drive shaft of a control device for changing the valve opening period and rotating in synchronism with the camshaft
Figure 2
a rocker arm arranged on such a drive shaft.

Die in den Figuren 1 und 2 jeweils gezeigte Ventilsteuerung 1 ist mit einer Anordnung 2 zur variablen Änderung der Öffnung und Schließung eines dem Gaswechsel dienenden Hubventiles 3 einer nicht näher dargestellten Brennkraftmaschine 4 ausgerüstet. Bei jeder Ventilsteuerung 1 ist das Hubventil 3 von einem Steuernocken 5 einer Nockenwelle 6 über einen Ventilhebel 7 betätigt.The valve control 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is equipped with an arrangement 2 for variably changing the opening and closing of a lifting valve 3 serving for gas exchange of an internal combustion engine 4, which is not shown in detail. With each valve control 1, the lift valve 3 is actuated by a control cam 5 of a camshaft 6 via a valve lever 7.

Der Ventilhebel 7 der Ventilsteuerung 1 gemäß Figur 1 ist als ein auf der Achse 8 kippbeweglich gelagerter Kipphebel 9 gestaltet. In Figur 2 ist der Ventilhebel 7 ein auf der Achse 8 schwenkbeweglich gelagerter Schlepphebel 10.The valve lever 7 of the valve control 1 according to FIG. 1 is designed as a rocker arm 9 mounted on the axis 8 so as to be tiltable. In FIG. 2, the valve lever 7 is a rocker arm 10 which is pivotably mounted on the axis 8.

Zur variablen Änderung der Öffnung und Schließung des Hubventiles 3 und damit zur Änderung der Ventilöffnungsperiode des Hubventiles 3 ist jeder der Ventilhebel 7 bzw. 9 und 10 nockenseitig mit einem in einer zur Nockenwellenachse 11 im wesentlichen konzentrischen Führung 12 bei jedem Hub des Ventils 3 relativ zum drehenden Steuernocken 5 gleich- und/oder gegensinnig zwangsgesteuerten Zwischenelement 13 ausgerüstet. Das Zwischenelement 13 ist zur Reduzierung von Reibverlusten als Rolle gestaltet. Zur gesteuerten Änderung der Ventilöffnungsperiode des Hubventiles 3 steht die Rolle 13 über eine vorzugsweise aus Schubstangen 14 und Exzentern 15 bestehenden Schubkurbelgetriebe 16 in Antriebsverbindung, wozu die Kipphebel-Achse 8 (Figur 1) bzw. die Schlepphebel-Achse 8 (Figur 2) in einer Steuervorrichtung 17 der Anordnung 2 als eine mit der Nockenwelle 6 ständig synchron drehenden und relativ zur Nockenwelle 6 drehwinkelverstellbare Antriebs-Welle 18 dient.To variably change the opening and closing of the lift valve 3 and thus to change the valve opening period of the lift valve 3, each of the valve levers 7 or 9 and 10 is cam-side with a guide 12 which is essentially concentric with the camshaft axis 11 with each stroke of the valve 3 relative to rotating control cam 5 equipped in the same and / or in the opposite direction positively controlled intermediate element 13. The intermediate element 13 is designed as a roller to reduce friction losses. For the controlled change of the valve opening period of the lift valve 3, the roller 13 is in a drive connection via a thrust crank mechanism 16 preferably consisting of push rods 14 and eccentrics 15, for which purpose the rocker arm axis 8 (FIG. 1) or the rocker arm axis 8 (FIG. 2) in one Control device 17 of the arrangement 2 is used as a drive shaft 18 which rotates synchronously with the camshaft 6 and can be rotated relative to the camshaft 6.

Der ständige Gleichlauf der aus der Achse 8 des jeweiligen Ventilhebels 7 gebildeten und mit den Exzentern 15 drehfest verbundenen Antriebs-Welle 18 zur Nockenwelle 6 ist mittels eines Getriebes 19 mit einer Gesamtübersetzung von 1:1 der Steuervorrichtung 17 erzielt. Das Getriebe 19 umfaßt in der einfachen Ausführung zwei gleich große, miteinander kämmende Zahnräder 20, 21.The constant synchronism of the drive shaft 18 formed from the axis 8 of the respective valve lever 7 and non-rotatably connected to the eccentrics 15 to the camshaft 6 is achieved by means of a gear 19 with a total transmission ratio of 1: 1 of the control device 17. In the simple embodiment, the transmission 19 comprises two gear wheels 20, 21 of equal size, which mesh with one another.

Zur Erzielung unterschiedlich langer Öffnungsperioden des Hubventiles 3 umfaßt die Steuervorrichtung 17 eine Drehwinkelverstell-Einrichtung 22, die als eine drehzahl- und/oder lastabhängig gesteuerte, schaltbare Kupplung zwischen dem Getrieberad 21 und der Antriebs-Welle 18 angeordnet ist und der relativen Drehlagenänderung zwischen dem Getrieberad 21 und der Antriebs-Welle 18 dient und somit zwischen dieser und der Nockenwelle 6.In order to achieve opening periods of the lift valve 3 of different lengths, the control device 17 includes a rotation angle adjustment device 22, which is arranged as a speed-dependent and / or load-dependent, switchable coupling between the gear wheel 21 and the drive shaft 18 and the relative change in rotational position between the gear wheel 21 and the drive shaft 18 is used and thus between this and the camshaft 6.

Wie aus den Figuren 1 und 2 weiter ersichtlich, ist jede Antriebs-Welle 18 hohl ausgeführt, wobei im Bereich jeder Ventilhebel-Lagerung 25 eine die Wandung der hohlen Antriebs-Welle 18 durchsetzende Stichbohrung 26 vorgesehen ist.As can also be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, each drive shaft 18 is hollow, with a tap hole 26 penetrating the wall of the hollow drive shaft 18 being provided in the region of each valve lever bearing 25.

Über die hohle Antriebs-Welle 18 und die Stichbohrung 26 aus dem Maschinenschmiersystem zugeführtes Schmiermittel bewirkt in der Ventilhebel-Lagerung 25 zwischen dem kipp- oder schwenkbeweglichen Ventilhebels 7 bzw. 9 und 10 und der ständig mit der Nockenwelle 6 synchron drehenden Antriebs-Welle 18 die Ausbildung eines hydrodynamischen Schmierfilmes. Damit ist in vorteilhaft einfacher Weise eine hohe Betriebssicherheit der jeweiligen Ventilsteuerung 1 erzielt.Lubricant supplied from the machine lubrication system via the hollow drive shaft 18 and the tap bore 26 causes in the valve lever bearing 25 between the tiltable or pivotable valve lever 7 or 9 and 10 and the drive shaft 18, which rotates synchronously with the camshaft 6, forms a hydrodynamic lubricating film. A high level of operational reliability of the respective valve control 1 is thus achieved in an advantageously simple manner.

Diese kann zusätzlich in einfacher Weise gesteigert werden durch weitere Stichbohrungen 27 in den Exzentern 15 zu den Lageranordnungen mit den Schubstangen 14.This can additionally be increased in a simple manner by further branch bores 27 in the eccentrics 15 to the bearing arrangements with the push rods 14.

Bezüglich der Funktion der Ventilsteuerung 1 ist in Figur 1 unter Beachtung der angegebenen Drehrichtungen von Nockenwelle 6 und Antriebs-Welle 18 mittels der Drehwinkelverstell-Einrichtung 22 der Exzenter 15 momentan derart positioniert, daß er im weiteren Drehfortgang die Rolle 13 in der Führung 12 des Kipphebels 9 relativ zum drehenden Steuernocken 5 gegensinnig bewegt und damit die aus Öffnungsflanke 23 und Schließflanke 24 bestehende Nockenkontur früher zur Wirkung kommt. Damit ist eine kürzere Öffnung des Hubventiles 3 erreicht. Infolge gesteuerter Änderung der Drehwinkelverstell-Einrichtung 22 - wobei der Exzenter vorzugsweise um 180° weitergedreht ist - bewegt der Exzenter 15 die Rolle 13 relativ zum drehenden Steuernocken 5 gleichsinnig, womit die Nockenkontur aus Öffnungsflanke 23 und Schließflanke 24 später wirksam wird und damit eine längere Öffnung des Hubventiles 3 bewirkt ist.With regard to the function of the valve control 1, the eccentric 15 is currently positioned in FIG. 1, taking into account the specified directions of rotation of the camshaft 6 and the drive shaft 18, by means of the rotation angle adjustment device 22 such that it further rolls the roller 13 in the guide 12 of the rocker arm 9 moves in opposite directions relative to the rotating control cam 5 and thus the cam contour consisting of the opening flank 23 and the closing flank 24 comes into effect earlier. A shorter opening of the lift valve 3 is thus achieved. As a result of a controlled change in the angle-of-rotation adjustment device 22 - the eccentric preferably being rotated further by 180 ° - the eccentric 15 moves the roller 13 in the same direction relative to the rotating control cam 5, so that the cam contour consisting of the opening flank 23 and the closing flank 24 becomes effective later and thus a longer opening of the lift valve 3 is effected.

In Figur 2 ergibt sich bei einer mit der Figur 1 übereinstimmenden Steuerung der Rolle 13 in der Führung 12 des Schlepphebels 10 durch die diametrale Positionierung der Nockenwelle 6 zunächst eine maximale Ventilöffnungsperiode. Wie unter Beachtung der für die Getrieberäder 20, 21 angegebenen Drehrichtung erkennbar, wird die Rolle 13 über den Exzenter 15 und die Schubstange 14 relativ zum drehenden Steuernocken 5 gleichsinnig bewegt. Dies bedeutet, daß die Rolle 13 mit der Nockenkontur aus Öffnungsflanke 23 und Schließflanke 24 zum einen später in Eingriff gelangt und durch die gleichsinnige Bewegung länger auf der Nockenflanke verweilt. Erreicht ist damit eine längere Öffnung des Hubventiles 3. Nach gesteuerter Änderung der Drehwinkelverstell-Einrichtung 22 mit einem vorzugsweise um 180° in diametrale Position verstellten Exzenter 15 wird die Rolle 13 über den Exzenter 15 relativ zum drehenden Steuernocken 5 gegensinnig bewegt, womit die Nockenkontur aus Öffnungsflanke 23 und Schließflanke 24 mit der Rolle 13 früher in Eingriff kommt und auf der Nockenkontur kürzer verweilt. Erreicht ist damit eine kurze Öffnung des Hubventiles 3.In FIG. 2, when the roller 13 in the guide 12 of the rocker arm 10 is in accordance with FIG. 1, the diametrical positioning of the camshaft 6 initially results in a maximum valve opening period. As can be seen in consideration of the direction of rotation indicated for the gear wheels 20, 21, the roller 13 is moved in the same direction relative to the rotating control cam 5 via the eccentric 15 and the push rod 14. This means that the roller 13 later comes into engagement with the cam contour consisting of the opening flank 23 and the closing flank 24 and remains longer on the cam flank due to the movement in the same direction. A longer opening of the lift valve 3 is thus achieved. After a controlled change in the angle of rotation adjustment device 22 with an eccentric 15 which is preferably adjusted by 180 ° in the diametrical position, the roller 13 is moved in opposite directions via the eccentric 15 relative to the rotating control cam 5, thus removing the cam contour Opening edge 23 and closing edge 24 with the roller 13 engages earlier and stays shorter on the cam contour. A short opening of the lift valve 3 is thus achieved.

Zur Erzielung eines einfachen Aufbaus der jeweiligen Ventilsteuerung 1 ist der jeweilige Ventilhebel 7 bzw. 9 oder 10 zwischen zwei auf der Antriebs-Welle 18 respektive Achse 8 drehfest angeordneten Exzentern 15 einer mit dem Zwischenelement bzw. der Rolle 13 des Kipphebels 9 bzw. des Schlepphebels 10 verbundenen Schubstange 14 des Schubkurbelgetriebes 16 lagegesichert angeordnet.To achieve a simple construction of the respective valve control 1, the respective valve lever 7 or 9 or 10 between two eccentrics 15 arranged on the drive shaft 18 or axis 8 in a rotationally fixed manner is one with the intermediate element or the roller 13 of the rocker arm 9 or the rocker arm 10 connected push rod 14 of the slider crank mechanism 16 is arranged in a secured position.

Für einen teilweise dargestellten Querstrom-Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine 4 mit obenliegender Nockenwelle 6 und je einer ein- und auslaßseitigen Kipp- oder Schlepphebel-Achse 8 kann zu einer weitergehenden Vereinfachung der Ventilsteuerung 1 vorgesehen sein, daß zumindest eine der Achsen 8 als mit der Nockenwelle 6 synchron drehende und relativ zu ihr drehwinkelverstellbare Antriebs-Welle 18 gestaltet ist, die z.B. sowohl dem Antrieb einer Rolle 13 eines auf der Antriebs-Welle 18 gelagerten Ventilhebels 7 als auch einer Rolle 13 eines auf der parallel benachbarten Achse 8 gelagerten Ventilhebels 7 dient. Ein Beispiel einer Steuerung der Zwischenelemente in Ventilhebeln für Ein- und Auslaßventile mittels einer gesonderten Antriebs-Welle ist in der gattungsbildenden PCT/EP 93/03451 beschrieben.For a partially illustrated cross-flow cylinder head of an internal combustion engine 4 with an overhead camshaft 6 and a rocker arm or rocker arm axis 8 on the inlet and outlet side, to simplify the valve control 1 further, it can be provided that at least one of the axes 8 than with the camshaft 6 synchronously rotating and relative to it rotationally adjustable drive shaft 18 is designed, for example serves both to drive a roller 13 of a valve lever 7 mounted on the drive shaft 18 and a roller 13 of a valve lever 7 mounted on the parallel adjacent axis 8. An example of a control of the intermediate elements in valve levers for intake and exhaust valves by means of a separate drive shaft is described in the generic PCT / EP 93/03451.

Claims (3)

Ventilsteuerung mit einer Anordnung zur variablen Änderung der Öffnung und Schließung eines Hubventils, insbesondere für Brennkraftmaschinen, - bei der das Hubventil (3) von einem Steuernocken (5) einer Nockenwelle (6) über einen Ventilhebel (7) betätigt ist, der - nockenseitig mit einem in einer zur Nockenwellenachse (11) im wesentlichen konzentrischen Führung (12) bei jedem Ventilhub relativ zum drehenden Steuernocken (5) gleich- und/oder gegensinnig zwangsgesteuerten Zwischenelement (Rolle 13) ausgerüstet ist, das - über ein Schubkurbelgetriebe (16) in Antriebsverbindung steht mit einer mit der Nockenwelle (6) synchron drehenden und relativ drehwinkelverstellbaren Antriebs-Welle (18) einer Steuervorrichtung (17), dadurch gekennzeichnet, - daß der als Kipphebel (9) oder als Schlepphebel (10) ausgebildete Ventilhebel (7) auf der zur Nockenwelle (6) ständig synchron drehenden Antriebs-Welle (18) kipp- bzw. schwenkbeweglich gelagert angeordnet ist, wobei - die Ventilhebel-Lagerung (25) über die hohl gestaltete Antriebs-Welle (18) und einer die Wellenwandung durchsetzenden Stichbohrung (26) mit dem Maschinenschmiersystem in Verbindung steht. Valve control with an arrangement for variably changing the opening and closing of a globe valve, in particular for internal combustion engines, - In which the lift valve (3) is actuated by a control cam (5) of a camshaft (6) via a valve lever (7) - Cam side with a in a to the camshaft axis (11) substantially concentric guide (12) at each valve lift relative to the rotating control cam (5) is equipped in the same and / or opposite direction positively controlled intermediate element (roller 13), the a drive crank mechanism (16) is in drive connection with a drive shaft (18) of a control device (17) which rotates synchronously with the camshaft (6) and is relatively adjustable in angle of rotation, characterized, - That the as a rocker arm (9) or as a rocker arm (10) formed valve lever (7) on the camshaft (6) constantly synchronously rotating drive shaft (18) is arranged tiltably or pivotably, wherein - The valve lever mounting (25) via the hollow drive shaft (18) and a through the shaft wall penetrating hole (26) is in communication with the machine lubrication system. Ventilsteuerung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, - daß der jeweilige Ventilhebel (7 bzw. 9, 10) zwischen zwei auf der hohen Antriebs-Welle (18) angeordneten Exzentern (15) einer mit dem Zwischenelement (Rolle 13) des Ventilhebels (7) verbundenen Schubstange (14) des Schubkurbelgetriebes (16) lagegesichert angeordnet ist, und - daß jeder Exzenter (15) eine Stichbohrung (27) zur Lageranordnung mit der Schubstange (14) aufweist. Valve control according to claim 1, characterized in - That the respective valve lever (7 or 9, 10) between two on the high drive shaft (18) arranged eccentrics (15) with the intermediate element (roller 13) of the valve lever (7) connected to the push rod (14) of the thrust crank mechanism ( 16) is arranged secured in position, and - That each eccentric (15) has a tap hole (27) for bearing arrangement with the push rod (14). Ventilsteuerung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 2, für einen Querstrom-Zylinderkopf mit obenliegender Nockenwelle (6) und je einer ein- und auslaßseitigen Kipp- oder Schlepphebel-Achse (8),
dadurch gekennzeichnet, - daß zumindest einer der Achsen (8) als mit der Nockenwelle (6) ständig synchron drehende Antriebs-Welle (18) gestaltet ist, die - dem Antrieb eines Zwischenelementes (Rolle 13) eines auf der hohlen Antriebs-Welle (18) gelagert angeordneten Ventilhebels (7) und/oder - eines Zwischenelementes (Rolle 13) eines auf der parallel benachbarten Achse (8) gelagerten Ventilhebels (7) dient. Valve control according to claims 1 to 2, for a cross-flow cylinder head with an overhead camshaft (6) and a rocker arm or rocker arm shaft (8) on the inlet and outlet side,
characterized, - That at least one of the axes (8) is designed as a drive shaft (18) which rotates synchronously with the camshaft (6) and which - The drive of an intermediate element (roller 13) of a valve lever (7) arranged on the hollow drive shaft (18) and / or - An intermediate element (roller 13) of a valve lever (7) mounted on the parallel adjacent axis (8) is used.
EP95106052A 1994-05-31 1995-04-22 Valve control with a device for varying the opening and closing time of a poppet valve, particularly for internal combustion engines Withdrawn EP0685633A1 (en)

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DE19944418909 DE4418909A1 (en) 1994-05-31 1994-05-31 Valve control with an arrangement for variably changing the opening and closing of a globe valve, in particular for internal combustion engines
DE4418909 1994-05-31

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1111206A3 (en) * 1999-12-09 2002-06-19 Mechadyne PLC Valve actuating mechanism
DE10137072A1 (en) * 2001-07-28 2003-02-13 Erich Schuermann Device for driving valve of piston stroke engine includes operating cam which completes rotationally swinging movements about constant rotational point
EP1605142A1 (en) * 2003-03-11 2005-12-14 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Variable valve mechanism for internal combustion engine
CN102966406A (en) * 2012-11-25 2013-03-13 天津大学 Cam mechanism controlled by using double swinging arms
CN102966391A (en) * 2012-11-25 2013-03-13 天津大学 Swinging arm mechanism controlled by using double cams
DE102014201083A1 (en) 2014-01-22 2015-07-23 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Variably changing a valve opening time of a charge exchange valve

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DE4220816A1 (en) * 1992-06-25 1994-01-05 Schaeffler Waelzlager Kg Adjustable valve control for IC engine - has adjustable intermediate member between cam and pivot lever along guide path
EP0626035A1 (en) * 1992-12-13 1994-11-30 Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag Valve control for an internal combustion engine.

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JPS61226509A (en) * 1985-03-30 1986-10-08 Niigata Eng Co Ltd Suction and exhaust timing adjusting equipment
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1111206A3 (en) * 1999-12-09 2002-06-19 Mechadyne PLC Valve actuating mechanism
DE10137072A1 (en) * 2001-07-28 2003-02-13 Erich Schuermann Device for driving valve of piston stroke engine includes operating cam which completes rotationally swinging movements about constant rotational point
EP1605142A1 (en) * 2003-03-11 2005-12-14 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Variable valve mechanism for internal combustion engine
EP1605142A4 (en) * 2003-03-11 2010-08-04 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Variable valve mechanism for internal combustion engine
CN102966406A (en) * 2012-11-25 2013-03-13 天津大学 Cam mechanism controlled by using double swinging arms
CN102966391A (en) * 2012-11-25 2013-03-13 天津大学 Swinging arm mechanism controlled by using double cams
CN102966406B (en) * 2012-11-25 2015-06-03 天津大学 Cam mechanism controlled by using double swinging arms
DE102014201083A1 (en) 2014-01-22 2015-07-23 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Variably changing a valve opening time of a charge exchange valve

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