DE4435927C1 - Fitment for placing on drill hand=piece, for explanting, grinding and implanting bone granules - Google Patents

Abstract

The drill (2) has a duct (5) for holding the hand-piece (3). The holder-duct (5) and suction duct (6) open out into a suction-hood (7) which is open on the drill-side end. A fluid-inlet leads directly into the suction-hood. A vacuum tube system consisting of a suction-hose (11) and suction appliance (12) is positioned on the hand-piece side and is attached to the suction duct. The holder-duct and suction duct are parallel to the lengthwise axis and extend through the fitment (4).

Description

The invention relates to an attachment for plugging on the drill side Handpiece of a drilling device for explanting and crushing bones.

He explants and transforms human bone material line for the purpose of transplantation. Implantations and transplantation Bones are mainly used in ear, nose and throat medicine, Oral, maxillofacial, facial and neurosurgery as well as in plastic, general and dental surgery performed. Doing so will bones parts from different body regions, preferably from iliac crest and Schä del region, removed and transplanted. Depending on the operational need the bone fragments taken "in one piece" are in their original Shape as a whole or as any part thereof or after crushing into re-planted as granules in a bone mill. From practice are below Different types of bone granules for use in the dental and plastic surgery and maxillofacial surgery known by Kno banks are made available. A distinction is made between homologous gra nulates that contain other people's bones, heterologous granules that Bones from animals contain and mixtures of these two granules When using such granules, there is - if only very low - risk of pathogen transmission of infectious diseases such as HIV, He patitis, Jakob-Creuzfeld syndrome and BSE. The use of artificial Pure bone replacement materials, such as. B. Hydroxyapatite is also problematic, since foreign body reactions often occur, which are a total on prevent healing of such materials.

In the dental field in particular, it is often only the implantation of very small amounts of bone required, such as B. when filling bones pockets in the alveolar bone in the area of the tooth roots. To minimize the risks associated with such implantations, namely, on the one hand, the Risk of infection and on the other hand the risk of a foreign body reaction, it is sensible, the patient to whom the implantation is to be performed, also to remove the bone material from a suitable bone donor site to take.  

In the registered documents of the German utility model 84 31 344 becomes an attachment to be placed on the handpiece of a drill device described, which is used in dental laboratories and also in dental field applies. The famous essay exists at all essentially from a sleeve of rotationally symmetrical basic shape, which on both Open ends and can be placed on the handpiece via an internal thread. Of the known essay includes a side suction nozzle, to which a as Ab suction line serving hose can be plugged on. The hose leads to an ab Suction device comprising a filter system. A liquid supply directly in the well-known essay, d. H. into the suction bell formed by the attachment is not provided here, what is part of a dental mission on the Pa is problematic. The lateral arrangement of the suction nozzle on the known essay additionally complicates the use on the patient, where from For reasons of space, a compact construction of the entire drilling device with attachment is to be preferred.

The subject of DE 34 02 585 A1 is to replace a handpiece for receiving selectable dental tools. The known handpiece includes a suction device tion with a suction tube extending along the handpiece. An Suction bell-forming attachment for attaching to the be known handpiece is not described here.

From DE 37 34 714 C1 a device for crushing bones is known.

The registered documents of the German utility model 18 07 115 and 84 15 145 describe devices for bone removal.

Hydroxyapatite in connection with tooth root treatments is from DE 34 08 503 A1 known.

The invention is based on the object of creating a device which with little equipment for the removal of small amounts of Kno Chen granulate is suitable. The device should therefore not only be used for removal - Explan  tation - serve from human bone, but at the same time for comminution - Transformation - and manufacture of bone meal granules for immediate or later replanting.

The attachment according to the invention for a drilling device solves the above Task by the features of claim 1. According to the one initially mentioned attachment a receiving channel for the handpiece and an Ab suction channel, with the receiving channel and the suction channel in one on the boh Open suction bell on the rear end. There are also a liquid supply guidance directly into the suction bell and a handpiece on the suction channel connected vacuum hose system consisting of a suction hose and egg ner suction device provided, wherein the suction device upstream for separating the bone particles.

According to the invention, it was first recognized that the surgical or dental field known drill as an abrasive instrument too are suitable for removing and crushing bone material. As before in this context it has been partially recognized that such drilling equipment as a rule are already available in medical practices and hospitals where Usually, bone grafts are performed. It it has also been recognized that the known drilling device alone is not is sufficient, as the extracted and crushed bone material too must be caught. According to the invention, therefore, an essay for a be Known drilling device proposed, with the help of the kno can be suctioned off. The essay is quasi over the Drill put over and put on the handpiece of the drill. The essay therefore includes a receiving channel for the handpiece. In addition, an Ab Suction channel provided through which the loosened bone meal granules removed can be sucked. According to the invention, it has been recognized that the Bone meal granules can be extracted particularly efficiently if the bone donor site is shielded in a suitable manner. The front one Drill-side area of the attachment according to the invention is therefore a suction bell formed so that the attachment on the drill side is opened like a bell and can be positioned over the bone donor site. The events Boh  Cleaning, shredding, suctioning and collecting thus run almost simultaneously in one closed off like a bell. This represents an enormous time saver because the bone meal granules thus obtained are immediately ready for a transplant is available.

For cooling and also for transporting the drilled bone meal granules lats serves a liquid, being a Liquid supply is provided, which opens directly into the suction bell. The liquid supply can be, for example, in the form of an outside of the handpiece the drilling device guided line can be realized. In this case it is before partial if the essay as at least a third channel for this line Has liquid supply, which is also substantially parallel to Longitudinal axis of the attachment is guided directly into the suction bell. Another It is possible to use internally cooled drills without a sepa rate hydration. In this case, the liquid is over the hand piece of the drilling device in the suction bell of the invention sentence.

On the handpiece side there is a vacuum hose system on the suction channel of the Auf set connected. The liquid is pumped through this vacuum hose system Aspiration / bone particle mixture sucked off during the drilling process. A sol Ches vacuum hose system includes in addition to the suction channel closed suction hose also a suction device in the form of a Vacuum pump. This vacuum pump is also a filter system and a centrifuge device upstream, with which the bone particles from the liquid components of the extracted mixture are separated. The Sepa Ration can also be done in a sedimentation process.

In an embodiment of the er that is advantageous from a production point of view inventive attachment are the receiving channel and the suction channel in the guided essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the attachment.

There are now various possibilities for the configuration of the invention essay. In a simplest variant, the suction channel and the Ka  realized for the liquid supply with a round cross section. Depending on Manufacturing methods of the essay are also other forms of the cross intersection of these channels conceivable. There is also the possibility of Suction channel and possibly the channel for supplying liquid as an annular channel form, the suction channel the receiving channel and possibly the channel to the river liquid supply would surround.

Since dental and surgical instruments are only used sterile, could the article according to the invention advantageously as a disposable part be educated.

In an advantageous variant of the attachment according to the invention, the one penetration depth of the drill specified by namely by the projection of the Drill from the suction bell of the attachment is defined. By suitable pre Given the depth of penetration of the drill into the bone, the type of removal can be found bone - corticalis / cancellous bone. Contains corticalis is a protein that induces bone growth and is therefore particularly suitable for Suitable for transplantation purposes.

In principle, very different drills can be used in connection with the invent appropriate essay can be used. It is only essential that the up Take channel for the handpiece according to the drill and the handpiece is dimensioned. When using an internally cooled drill is - as already indicated - no separate liquid supply, so no corresponding Ka nal, required in the essay. As a drive for the drill, for example Air turbine or a micromotor serve.

It is essential that the essay according to the invention in connection with be knew and belong to the standard equipment of practices and hospitals the dental and surgical units can be used so that the ap parative effort for the explantation and transformation of bone mini is lubricated. By not using homologous and heterologous Bone granules from bone banks are the risks of unwanted, ak Civilian disease transmissions switched off. In principle, with the  However, the inventive article also won such bone materials be. As a possible use here are procedures in the dental Surgery and maxillofacial surgery, especially in implantology, called parodon technology, in procedures for jaw augmentation, in pre-prosthetic surgery, for plastic surgery, sinus lift and the bone splitting technique.

The invention is explained below with reference to the drawing. In the drawing shows

Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation, an article according to the invention for a drilling device before and after putting on the drilling device,

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the front region of the attachment shown in Fig. 1 and

Fig. 3 shows an overall operation of a device for explantation and trans formation of bone having an inventive article.

In Fig. 1, a drilling device 1 is shown explant and transformation of bone, which comprises a drill bit 2 and a handle 3 for the auger 2. Furthermore, an attachment 4 is shown - once independently of the drilling device 1 and once attached to the drilling device 1 or the handpiece 3 .

According to the invention, the attachment 4 has a receiving channel 5 for the handpiece 3 and a suction channel 6 . Both channels 5 and 6 open into a suction bell 7 formed on the drill-side end of the attachment 4 .

Both the receiving channel 5 and the suction channel 6 extend through the attachment 4 essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis.

From the illustration of the drilling device 1 with attached attachment 4 it is clear that the drill 2 from the attachment 4 or over the edge of the suction bell 7 protrudes. The penetration depth of the drill 2 is defined by this projection.

The paper 4 shown in FIG. 1 has a third longitudinal axis of the attachment 4 run substantially parallel and open into the suction bell 7 the channel 8, which serves as a liquid supply directly into the suction bell 7. The illustrated drilling device 1 comprises a line 9 for a cooling medium which is guided outside the handpiece 3 . When attaching the attachment 4 to the drilling device 1 , this line 9 is guided through the channel 8 into the suction bell 7 .

The arrangement and geometry of these channels 5 , 6 and 8 is shown for the embodiment described here in FIG. 2, which shows a drill-side top view of the attachment 4 , that is, an insight into the suction bell 7 . The channels 5 , 6 and 8 in the exemplary embodiment shown here have an essentially round cross-sectional area.

Both the drill 2 and the attachment 4 are advantageously designed as disposable parts. The drilling device 1 further comprises a drive unit 10 with an air turbine or a micromotor.

An overall functional diagram is shown schematically in FIG. 3. This functional image can be seen that a vacuum hose system is provided for suction of the liquid / bone particle mixture, consisting of a suction hose 11 connected to the suction channel of the attachment and a suction device 12 . The suction device 12 is preceded by a filter system 13 or a centrifuge device 14 for separating the bone particles from the liquid constituents of the mixture. It would also be possible to obtain the bone particles by sedimentation. A coolant reservoir 15 and a coolant hose 16 are also shown , via which the coolant is conducted to the handpiece.

Finally, it should be pointed out that the article according to the invention as well the device according to the invention not only for obtaining autologous kno Chen granules can be used, but also for mixing autologous Bone granules with artificial bone replacement materials, such as. B. Hydro xylapatite, or to obtain homologous or heterologous Bone meal granules.

Claims (8)

1. Attachment ( 4 ) for plugging on the handpiece on the handpiece ( 3 ) of a drilling device ( 1 ) for explanting and crushing bone into bone particles with a drill ( 2 ), with a receiving channel ( 5 ) for the handpiece ( 3 ) and a suction channel ( 6 ), the receiving channel ( 5 ) and the suction channel ( 6 ) opening into a suction bell ( 7 ) open at the end of the drill, with a liquid supply directly into the suction bell ( 7 ) and with a handpiece on the suction channel ( 6 ) connected vacuum hose system consisting of a suction hose ( 11 ) and a suction device ( 12 ), the suction device ( 12 ) being preceded by a device for separating the bone particles. 2. An attachment according to claim 1, wherein the receiving channel ( 5 ) and the suction channel ( 6 ) extend substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis through the attachment ( 4 ). 3. Attachment according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein at least a third substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the attachment ( 4 ) extending and in the suction bell ( 7 ) opening channel ( 8 ) is provided as a liquid feed. 4. Attachment according to claim 3, wherein the suction channel ( 6 ) and the channel ( 8 ) for liquid supply are designed as an annular channel and the suction channel ( 6 ) surrounds the receiving channel ( 5 ) and the channel ( 8 ) for liquid supply. 5. Attachment according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the attachment ( 4 ) is designed as a way part. 6. An attachment according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the depth of penetration of the drill ( 2 ) is defined by its top part from the suction bell ( 7 ) of the attachment ( 4 ). 7. An attachment according to claim 6, wherein the hand piece ( 3 ) serves as a direct liquid supply into the cavity when the drill is internally cooled. 8. Attachment according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the device for separating the bone particles comprises a filter system ( 13 ) and / or a centrifuge device ( 14 ).