DE102013211594A1 - Bone chip mill - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a bone chipping cutter (1) with a housing (8), an input / output shaft (4) mounted in the housing (8), the end of which on the tool side has a first connection (10) for non-rotatably connecting a milling cutter (12) the input / output shaft (4) and its drive-side end has a second connection (26) for connecting a rotary drive, as well as a suction line (30) which runs in the housing (8) and has at least one in the housing (8) Receiving space (34a, 34b) for receiving bone chips transported in the suction line (30).

Description

The present invention relates to a surgical instrument, in particular a dental surgical element, for milling and collecting bone chips from bone material, such as jaw bone material according to the preamble of claim 1.

In surgical procedures, such as the treatment of bone defects in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery, oral surgery, dental implantology surgery, trauma surgery, orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, plastic surgery, and veterinary surgery, it is often necessary, such as For example, in the dental surgical implant bed preparation in the alveolar crest of the upper and lower jaw to be implanted, the patient should first remove the bone material in order to reuse it later elsewhere. For example, when placing implants in a graft bed, the goal is to ensure rapid, adequate blood supply and grafting through the widest possible abutment area between graft bed and graft. The graft losses are to be reduced by the fitting of the previously conventionally removed bone material by the subsequent reinsertion.

In order to carry out such methods, a set of instruments is required with which the bone material to be reused later can be milled off and collected.

Surgical instruments with which bone material can be milled and collected at the same time are known in the art. For example, the WO 03/030766 A1 a hand-operated scraper for scraping bone tissue having a lid-sealable groove into which the scraped bone material can be transported.

The German utility model DE 93 04 959 discloses an electrically operated bone milling machine, in which the chips produced during the production of the bone recess are collected directly in the milling head. For this purpose, the surgical bone cutter on a milling head having at least one cutting edge, and a substantially flat free end face, wherein the cutting edges are formed by the intersections between the end face of the milling head and the walls of the back of the milling head extending slot-shaped passages. The bone material removed by the cutting edges of the milling head is transported through the slot-shaped passages arranged in the milling head into a cavity located in the milling head, which serves as a collecting container.

A disadvantage of this arrangement is, on the one hand, that part of the scraped-off bone material remains in the bone created by the milling head and then has to be suctioned off in order to provide a clean opening in the bone, and on the other hand, since the milling head can be used as a bone chip collection container at the same time, not be used multiple times. Since in addition to the bone chips and a lot of soft tissue is transported into the interior of the milling head, is due to the relatively limited size of the milling head, the sump very quickly full. Therefore, during a surgical bone removal, several milling heads may need to be used, whereby the site to be treated must be repeatedly aspirated between the individual removal operations. The procedure defined by such an instrument for the surgical removal of bone material is therefore very time-consuming, since it involves many individual steps.

Object of the present invention is therefore to avoid these disadvantages by providing a suitable bone milling machine as far as possible.

This object is achieved by a bone milling cutter according to claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are disclosed in the subclaims.

The bone chip milling cutter according to the invention has a housing, a drive / output shaft arranged in the housing, whose tool-side end has a first connection for non-rotatably connecting a milling cutter or milling head to the input / output shaft and whose drive-side end has a second connection for connecting a rotary drive, as well as a suction line. The suction line of the bone milling machine according to the invention is arranged running in the housing and connected to at least one arranged in the housing receiving space for receiving transported in the suction bone chips.

In such a device, the milled bone chip material is not, as in the prior art, collected in the milling head, but transported by the suction directly into the housing arranged in the receiving space. In this way, the bone chips otherwise remaining in the generated recess in the bone are collected during removal. Replacement of the milling head due to the fact that the bone collecting container is full, is not required.

In an advantageous embodiment, the housing has a protective cover releasably secured to the housing, which defines with a part of the proximal end of the housing a milling cutter receiving area, in which the tool-side end of the input / output shaft is accommodated. This ensures that the bone chip material worked out during milling is not distributed in the vicinity of the machined spot.

So that as much as possible the entire material worked out can be advantageously opened one end of the suction line for sucking away milled bone chips into the milling cutter receiving area.

The protective cover is preferably formed to include a recess for receiving a portion of the reamer and should have an integral bone support portion on the recess so as not to entrain any material such as bone chips or tissue into the environment around the reamer during milling can be distributed.

In a preferred embodiment, the receiving space has at least one bone chip collection container arranged in the housing and removable from the housing so that sufficient material can be collected. When a bone chip collection bin is full, the filled bin can be removed from the instrument and replaced with a sterile new bin. The filled container can then be temporarily stored sterile, for example, with a stopper on the operating table.

The bone chip collection container preferably has a graduation and, for reasons of hygiene, is preferably a disposable article which is packaged in a sterile manner before use. The bone chips stored in the container are protected against dehydration by being kept moist by the extracted coagulum, which is advantageously also collected in the bone chip collection container. The container emptying can be done for example by means of a slider.

In a preferred embodiment, the suction line of the bone cutting machine has at least one filter element for filtering out bone chips transported through the suction line. Thus, for example, the suction air can pass through the filter element, while the bone chips transported with the suction air get caught on the filter element and are taken up in the bone chip collection container.

The filter element is preferably interchangeable, that is, it can be easily removed or inserted from the bone milling machine. In this way, a quick exchange can take place when the filter element is added and for this reason can no longer fulfill a filter function.

For example, the bone milling machine can have two or more receiving chambers, preferably arranged in series one behind the other, in the housing. These receiving spaces can be separated from one another, for example, by one or more filter elements, so that the bone chips are received, for example, in a first receiving space or in a first bone chip collecting container. The filter element can be designed so that blood particles, tissue fluid and / or smaller tissue parts can pass through the filter element and can be accommodated in a second receiving space arranged behind the filter element. It can also be provided a filter element, which allows only gaseous components, such as the suction air to pass.

The housing of the bone milling machine advantageously has a media connection for connecting a suction line, which is connected to the suction line, preferably via the at least one receiving space, on the inside of the housing. Thus, a suction line present in each dental practice can easily be connected via the media connection arranged on the housing to the suction line guided in the housing.

In an advantageous embodiment of the bone cutting machine, the input / output shaft is designed as a hollow spindle. A hollow spindle can be formed particularly dimensionally stable. On the other hand, the cavity in the hollow spindle can also be used, for example, as a suction for sucking off and removing the milled off bone particles.

In this document, a drive / output shaft is to be understood as meaning both an integrally formed drive shaft and an output shaft connected to a drive shaft, possibly via a plurality of intermediate links.

If the input / output shaft is designed as a hollow spindle, the suction line can be formed for example from the hollow spindle and an adjacent to the first terminal end of the hollow spindle vacuum chamber. As already shown above, the first connection is connected to the tool-side end of the input / output shaft and intended to receive the cutter. If the extracted material is passed through the hollow spindle, no additional suction line must be provided in the housing. The bone milling cutter can be made smaller and more manageable.

In a preferred embodiment, the housing of the bone milling machine is designed as a handpiece holder with a micromotor attachment, wherein the micromotor attachment is preferably arranged at the distal end of the bone milling machine. The input / output shaft is connected to a cutter having paddle wheels with cutting blades. Such a milling cutter has the advantage that the scraped-off material is picked up immediately with the cutting blades and, as a result of the milling cutter rotating, is transported directly to the suction opening of the suction conduit. So the material can be easily sucked off the cutting blade. The cutter can also have a "roll shape" and enable a large-scale chip removal.

The input / output shaft can be arranged adjustable in height in the housing so that the position of a cutter attached to the first connection is adjustable relative to the housing. In particular, if the input / output shaft as a drive shaft which is pivotally connected to an output shaft is formed, a height adjustment can be effected in that the axial direction of rotation of the output shaft is changed. This can be done for example by means of an adjusting tool. In this way, the Abtragungstiefe can be adjusted.

The second connection of the input / output shaft may be connected to an electric motor, which forms the rotary drive for the rotation of the input / output shaft. In one embodiment, the electric motor may be received directly in the housing.

In addition, a Spülkanalleitung be attached to the housing or arranged to extend in the housing, with which the surgically treated area of the bone can be rinsed and prepared for further processing. The rinsing agent or rinsing medium may be, for example, a physiological saline solution. On the one hand, a flushing channel line integrated into the bone milling machine has the advantage that it can be flushed and aspirated at the same time, and on the other hand has the advantage that it does not have to be handled with an additional flushing tube on the patient.

In order to be able to better see the area to be surgically treated, in a preferred embodiment a light source, preferably designed as an LED, is arranged on the housing, preferably on the proximal end of the housing, in such a way that the surgical area to be treated can be illuminated. Alternatively, the suction line may also have a light guide or the conversion of the suction line may be formed as a light guide.

The terms used in the following description, such as "top", "bottom", "left" and "right" and the like, refer to embodiments and are not intended to be limiting in any way, even if they refer to preferred embodiments.

The bone milling machine can have an angling or several bends to ensure optimum access of the front part of the bone milling machine to the operating area.

The bone milling cutter is preferably of modular construction so that it can be easily cleaned and sterilized. Thus, in a preferred embodiment, for example, the housing can be opened and the input / output shaft can be removed from the housing. The extending in the housing suction can also be easily removed, cleaned and reinstalled.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. Show it:

1 a bone cutter in cross-section,

2 a bone chip collector,

3 the front part of a further inventive embodiment of the bone trimmer.

In the 1 illustrated bone cutting machine 1 For example, for dental applications, the drive base is a conventional standardized handpiece fixture 2 on a customary in dentistry / medicine micromotor attachment with quick change, snap-in function and coupling to an input / output shaft 4 ,

The input / output shaft 4 has a drive shaft 4a on that with an output shaft 4b over a hinged connection 6 is connected and in a housing 8th is arranged.

The housing 8th the bony router 1 can be an angling 9 or more bends 9 . 9a for optimum access of the front part of the bone milling cutter 1 to ensure the surgical field and to the surgeon a secure holding the handpiece holder 2 to enable.

The tool-side end of the input / output shaft 4 has a first connection 10 for non-rotatably connecting a milling cutter 12 with the input / output shaft 4 on. The router 12 is designed as a paddle wheel made of stainless steel and has curved, sharp, rounded cutting blades 14 on. The router 12 is in a router receiving area 16 arranged, on the one hand, from a proximal end 18 of the housing 8th on the other hand of a protective cover 20 is limited.

The protective cover 20 is detachable on the housing 8th attached and can be removed if necessary, or against another protective cover 20 be replaced. The protective cover 20 also has a recess 22 for receiving a part of the milling cutter and one at the recess 22 molded bone support area 24 ,

The drive end of the input / output shaft 4 has a second port 26 for connecting a rotary drive, such as a motor on. A arranged at a further proximal end of the housing light source 28 is directed so that the radiation emitted by the light source points to the operating area.

Is the bony router 1 formed as a handpiece, it may be necessary that the light source 28 - not, instead of the operating area, the hand of the Bone Milling Machine 1 illuminate surrounding surgeon - closer to the proximal end 18 of the housing 8th is arranged so that the light exits there. This can be done, for example, with the help of an extension 29 be accomplished. Of course, the extension can 29 , as in 1 is shown in dashed lines, for example, be designed as a light guide, with an adapter to the in the housing 8th arranged light source 28 is attachable and, if it is outside the housing ( 8th ) is arranged to extend, preferably can be fixed stably on the housing. The extension 29 On the other hand, of course, one in the housing 8th extending electrical or optical supply line for a light source, such as an LED. The person skilled in the art for this purpose many possibilities of the embodiment are known.

In the case 8th is a suction line 30 arranged, whose open end 32 for sucking milled bone chips into the milling cutter receiving area 16 is directed. The suction line 30 is about one in the case 8th arranged recording room 34a . 34b and a filter element 36 inside the case 8th connected to a media port (not shown) attached to the housing 8th is arranged and its outwardly facing side can be connected to a suction line, as is common, for example, in dental offices.

The suction line 30 is in one embodiment via a with the suction line 30 Mediumsmäßig connected intake manifold 37 (dashed lines in 1 ) from the housing 8th led out and at the front end 37a connected to the suction hose.

In the recording room 34a . 34b can be a bone chip collector 38 for example, pushed over a rail guide and in the recording room 34a . 34b be completely absorbed. 2 shows such a bone chip collection container 38 ,

3 shows the front part of another embodiment of a bone milling machine 1 , In this embodiment, the suction line 30 in the interior of the trained as a hollow spindle input / output shaft 4 arranged. The hollow spindle is open to the tool-side end opposite end and connects to a vacuum chamber 39 on, with the recording room 34a . 34b connected is.

The one from the bone with the cutter 12 milled bone chips are used with the cutting blades 14 of the milling cutter 12 through the recess 22 into the cutter receiving area 16 transported and there from the end 32 the suction line 30 taken and in the recording rooms 34a . 34b recorded bone chip collection container 38 transported. That at the end of the recording room 34b arranged filter element 36 Ensures that the milled bone chips can not be transported further. They remain attached to the filter element and can enter the bone chip collection container 38 be dissipated. The filter element 36 For example, it is designed to allow only gaseous and liquid components to pass through. The gaseous constituents, for example the suction air, can pass through the filter element 36 pass through and over the adjoining part of the suction 30 and the media connection with the suction line to be sucked. In this way, no milled bone material is lost. However, the filter element may also be formed, for example, as a side wall of a bone chip collection container. At the in 3 illustrated embodiment, the milled bone material through the interior of the hollow spindle of the input / output shaft 4 transported and over the vacuum chamber 39 the bone chip collector 38 fed.

When the bone chips bin 38 is full, he can get out of the recording room 34a . 34b be removed and, for example, with a stopper 40 be closed, as in 2 is shown. The bone chips collection container 38 Serves for the sterile absorption of bone chips and the adherent blood, which serves the nutrition and the moistening of the obtained bone chips. The container emptying can by means of a slider 42 respectively.

The bone chip collection container 38 is for hygienic reasons one before its use preferably sterile packed and only once to use container. He can, for example, along with the stopper 40 the slider 42 , and a spring-hard wire for piercing clogged leads, are provided as a kit, the kit preferably being sterile-packaged. A suction hose with adapter for connecting the suction hose to the suction line 30 can also be provided if needed.

The bone milling machine is preferably dismountable so that it can be easily cleaned and sterilized after use.

The invention has been explained with reference to preferred embodiments, without being limited to these embodiments. The features of the individual embodiments can be freely combined with functionally equivalent features of other embodiments or interchangeable, if there is compatibility. In particular, for example, several filter stages can be connected in series, the bone milling machine 1 For example, you can only have one recording room 34a or optionally also more than two receiving spaces. Between the individual receiving spaces can filter elements 36 be arranged to provide, for example, receiving spaces for more or less large particles or provide additional receiving space for tissue fluid or blood.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Bone chip mill

2

Handle receiving

4

Input / output shaft

4a

drive shaft

4b

output shaft

6

articulated connection

8th

casing

9

angling

9a

further bend

10

first connection

12

milling cutter

14

cutting blades

16

Weldon chuck area

18

proximal end of the housing

20

protective cover

22

recess

24

Bone contact area

26

second connection

28

light source

29

renewal

30

suction

32

End of the suction line

34a

 accommodation space

34b

 accommodation space

36

filter element

37

Saugrohrstück

37a

front end of the intake manifold 37

38

Bone chip collection

39

Pressurized space

40

plug

42

pusher

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 03/030766 A1 [0004]
• DE 9304959 [0005]

Claims (18)

Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ), comprising a housing ( 8th ), one in the housing ( 8th ) mounted arranged input / output shaft ( 4 ) whose tool-side end has a first connection ( 10 ) for non-rotatably connecting a milling cutter ( 12 ) with the input / output shaft ( 4 ) and its drive-side end has a second connection ( 26 ) for connecting a rotary drive, and a suction line ( 30 ), characterized in that the suction line ( 30 ) in the housing ( 8th ) and at least one in the housing ( 8th ) receiving space ( 34a . 34b ) for receiving in the suction line ( 30 ) transported bone chips is connected. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing ( 8th ) a detachable on the housing ( 8th ) attached protective cover ( 20 ) having a portion of the proximal end ( 18 ) of the housing ( 8th ) a cutter receiving area ( 16 ), in which the tool-side end of the input / output shaft ( 4 ), one end of the suction line ( 30 ) for sucking milled bone chips into the milling cutter receiving area ( 16 ) is opened pointing. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that the protective cover ( 20 ) a recess ( 22 ) for receiving a part of the milling cutter ( 12 ) and one at the recess ( 22 ) formed bone support area ( 24 ) having. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving space ( 34a . 34b ) at least one in the housing ( 8th ) and out of the housing ( 8th ) removable bone chip collecting container ( 38 ), which preferably has a graduation. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction line ( 30 ) at least one filter element ( 36 ) for filtering out through the suction line ( 30 ) has bone chips. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 8th ) at least two, preferably in series successively arranged, receiving spaces ( 34a . 34b ) having. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 8th ) has a media connection for connecting a suction line, which preferably via the at least one receiving space ( 34a . 34b ) on the inside of the housing with the suction line ( 30 ) connected is. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the input / output shaft ( 4 ) is designed as a hollow spindle. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to claim 8, characterized in that the suction line ( 30 ) from the hollow spindle and an adjacent to the first port end of the hollow spindle vacuum space ( 39 ) is formed. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 8th ) is designed as a handpiece holder with micromotor attachment. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the input / output shaft ( 4 ) with a milling cutter ( 12 ), the paddle wheels with cutting blades ( 14 ) having. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the input / output shaft ( 4 ) adjustable in height in the housing ( 8th ) is arranged such that the position of a at the first port ( 10 ) attached milling cutter ( 12 ) relative to the housing ( 8th ) is adjustable. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second connection ( 26 ) is connected to a designed as an electric motor rotary drive, wherein the electric motor in the housing ( 8th ) is recorded. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a Spülkanalleitung on the housing ( 8th ) or in the housing ( 8th ) is arranged running. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a, preferably designed as an LED, light source ( 28 ) on the housing ( 8th ), preferably at the proximal end ( 18 ) of the housing ( 8th ) is arranged. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the suction line ( 30 ) has a light guide. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing ( 8th ) at least one bend ( 9 . 9a ) having. Bone Milling Machine ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bone milling cutter ( 1 ) is dismantled.

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