CN104024181B - System and method for digestion of solid discarded object - Google Patents

System and method for digestion of solid discarded object Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104024181B
CN104024181B CN201280043365.1A CN201280043365A CN104024181B CN 104024181 B CN104024181 B CN 104024181B CN 201280043365 A CN201280043365 A CN 201280043365A CN 104024181 B CN104024181 B CN 104024181B
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tank
offal treatment
during
treatment tank
liquid
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CN104024181A (en
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克里斯蒂安·博格吉尔德·斯梅德·克里斯滕森
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Aikan North America Inc
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Aikan North America Inc
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/40—Treatment of liquids or slurries
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
    • C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
    • C05F17/986—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being liquid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/989—Flow sheets for biological or biochemical treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/02—Percolation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
    • C12P5/023—Methane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The present invention generally relates to the system and method for digestion of solid discarded object, and which simplify solids disposal.In certain embodiments, anaerobic methane, which is extracted, occurs to reach a period of time (for example, from 1 week to 4 weeks), and hereafter aerobic composting process starts in the same chamber.Organic waste is held in place, and forces (for example, in air) oxygen to enter in the chamber up to cycle extra time (for example, from 2 weeks to 4 weeks).At the end of aerobic stage, the technique produces the thick compost product of stable and pathogen-free domestic.It can further handle and admix the thick compost to form high value engineering soil.

Description

System and method for digestion of solid discarded object
Related application
Present application advocate to No. 61/505,696 U.S. provisional patent application cases filed in 8 days July in 2011 and The priority and rights and interests of 13/226th, No. 006 U.S. patent application case filed in September in 2011 6 days, the patent application case Disclosure is incorporated herein in entirety by reference hereby.
Technical field
The present invention generally relates to the digestion of solid waste.More particularly, in certain embodiments, the present invention is related to And for by organic material decomposition into biogas and compost device and method.
Background technology
The degraded of organic substance be the complicated interaction essentially by a large amount of microorganisms and in aerobic mode and/or with The technique that anaerobism mode occurs.It is in check that more or less industrialized method is known already and is referred to as aerobic process Compost and be referred to as fermentation, biomethanation or referred to as anaerobic digestion (AD) for anaerobic technique.AD techniques can be divided into two Individual key step：Hydrolysis and methane are produced.
For many years recently, compost and AD two kinds of techniques independently develop always.Comprehensively described in many places Be used as to produce for apply fertilizer and soil improved compost mode compost.Similarly, in various Development Finance On the basis of develop a stage, two benches or multistage AD method.Except the wet type AD from liquid manure and wastewater treatment exploitation In addition, dry type AD has also been put into practice.
1978 Ghosh (Ghosh) describe two steps, two benches AD principle for the first time.In this process, detesting Discarded object is percolated in oxygen reactor.Leakage water is then fermented into biogas in methane reactor.In 1980s thunder root This (Rijkens) and Huo Fanke (Hofank) further developed methods described for organic waste and obtain its patent right (No. 4,400,195 United States Patent (USP)).Methods described is converted to twice when putting into practice：Gande Er Kesai (Ganderkesee) ANM methods and cloth radar Prethane-Rudad methods.Eyring outstanding person (Wellinger) and Su Te (Suter) are in 20th century The eighties is tested with solid manure and Vad silent (Widmer) with market and meat packing discarded object.In latter case In, percolation filter is also driven in aerobic environment.
The newest facility (for remaining discarded object) developed according to the method is Sansenheck'sDiafiltration side Method andMethod (DE19846336Al).Herein, in mechanical pretreatment (for example, screening, metal point From) after, discarded object is hydrolyzed in percolation filter.Therefore, percolation filter is equipped with rabbling mechanism so that discarded object is fed continuously Through reactor.After the residence time of 2 days to 3 days, diafiltration thing by it is anhydrous discharge and be ready for further processing or Precipitate into one layer.After sand and fiber is isolated, leakage water is set to be fermented into biogas in anaerobism mode in methane reactor. The water cleaned in this way is directly used as leakage water or used after another cleaning (for example, for removing nitrogen).
Substantial amounts of organic solid castoff is produced in many cities and towns in the whole world and city, and processing method is generally by right The solid disposal of the abundant sterilizing of this large amount of heavy solid waste requires limitation.Accordingly, it would be desirable to for limited solid Disposal requires the improved system and method for digestion and composted solids discarded object.
The content of the invention
A kind of system handled for solid waste is presented, it need not move discarded between the different phase of technique The solid portion of thing.Only need the initial load to discarded object and the last unloading to solids after sterilisation.
In one embodiment, organic waste is loaded into the chamber similar to garage.After filling, door is closed And form anaerobic condition.Anaerobic methane, which is extracted, to be occurred to reach a period of time (for example, from 1 week to 4 weeks), hereafter aerobic composting process Start in the same chamber.Organic waste is held in place and forces (for example, in air) oxygen to enter the chamber In reach cycle extra time (for example, from 2 weeks to 4 weeks).At the end of the aerobic compost stage, the technique produces stable and disease-free The thick compost product of substance.It can further handle and admix the thick compost to form high value engineering soil.Need not be in heap The biogas residue after original, methane is extracted is disposed before fertilizer.Compared with the about 55%-60% using other techniques, produced biogas With high methane content, for example, about 70% or more.Biogas also has relatively low VOC, siloxanes and other pollutant concentrations.
The system is using wherein bacterium hydrolysis (that is, leaching aliphatic acid from organic solid castoff) and methane Produce the dry anaerobic digestion being physically isolated.A series of hydrolysis is carried out under anaerobic and methane produces (gasification) rank Section reach a period of time (for example, from 1 week to 4 weeks), wherein the solid waste in offal treatment tank around (for example, greatly Gas) operate under pressure.Diafiltration thing liquid is made by the grid at or near the substrate of offal treatment tank during hydrolysis stage Body is recycled.Diafiltration thing is pumped into marsh gas reactor tank, methane and/or other natural ponds are produced in the marsh gas reactor tank Gas, then it is filtered, degassed diafiltration thing pumping is returned into the offal treatment tank.In hydrolysis and completion of gasifying Afterwards, the offal treatment tank is changed into Composter so that air flow through solid waste, through bases grid, connect By being released to after biofilter in air.After compost, solid waste is to be hygienic enough for removal And can be through safely disposing or as accessory substance.
During all three stages (hydrolysis, gasification and compost), the offal treatment tank is remained turned-off.Do not move Any solid waste, and only fluid and air are circulated between processing module and gas reactor in the system of closing.System System design ensures to hydrolyze, is percolated, methane is produced and the technique of compost for separation and quickly and efficiently occur.Start fresh batch It is secondary that the relatively early material handled need not be used to be inoculated with, thereby ensure that the full traceability of discarded object.Technique is self-sustaining And need not heat to start the technique, so as to allow higher energy efficiency.Diversified organic waste can be handled Type, for example, urban waste；Industry, business and public organizations' discarded object；Garden refuse；And sewage sludge.
Therefore, in an aspect, the present invention relates to it is a kind of be used for by organic material decomposition into biogas and compost system, The system is included：Offal treatment tank, solid organic castoff is loaded into the offal treatment tank and described useless Hydrolysis and compost occur in the independent time in gurry process tank, wherein the compost of the solid organic castoff completes hydrolysis Occur during the independent stage afterwards, wherein the offal treatment tank includes discharge port, the excretion at or near its substrate Mouth allows the percolating liquid during the hydrolysis stage to be flowed out from the offal treatment tank, and the discharge port is also served as in institute During stating composting period air be flowed into by it in the solid organic castoff in the offal treatment tank and/or from The passage flowed out in the solid organic castoff；Sprinkling system, it will diafiltration during being configured to the hydrolysis stage Thing liquid body is sprayed onto on the solid organic castoff in the offal treatment tank, wherein the diafiltration thing liquid body include from The aliphatic acid of the solid organic castoff leaching, and wherein make the diafiltration thing liquid body during the hydrolysis stage from described The substrate recycling of offal treatment tank；And marsh gas reactor tank, by the diafiltration from the offal treatment tank Thing liquid body is pumped into the marsh gas reactor tank to produce biogas under anaerobic during gasifying stage.Some In embodiment, the offal treatment tank is configured to the hydrolysis stage, described composting period or both period around Operated under pressure.In a preferred embodiment, in anaerobism bar during the offal treatment tank is configured to the hydrolysis stage Operated under part.
In certain embodiments, the offal treatment is come from during the system is further contained in the composting period The biofilter that the air of tank passes through before air is discharged into.In certain embodiments, the system is further comprising warp Configure to isolate the filter of solids from the diafiltration thing liquid body.
In certain embodiments, the system includes at least two offal treatment tanks being connected in parallel.Implement some In example, the offal treatment tank includes acid-proof lining or coating.The marsh gas reactor tank is preferably airtight.The system System, which can also be included, to be used in the marsh gas reactor tank or outside the marsh gas reactor tank (to draw later after heating Enter and return in the tank) the heating heater for being percolated thing liquid body.In certain embodiments, the marsh gas reactor tank is included Sedimentation basin to isolate sediment and/or particulate matter from the diafiltration thing liquid body.
In a preferred embodiment, the system further includes liquid handling tank, during the hydrolysis stage, from institute State the diafiltration thing liquid body of marsh gas reactor tank, the offal treatment tank or both be pumped into the sprinkling system for It is flowed into before on the solid organic castoff being sprayed onto in the offal treatment tank in the liquid handling tank.At certain In a little embodiments, there is a liquid handling tank for each offal treatment tank.In certain embodiments, for each biogas There are at least five offal treatment tank (examples in reactor tank (one or more marsh gas reactor tanks may be present in system) Such as, each offal treatment tank has the associated liquid handling tank of its own).In certain embodiments, in the hydrolysis rank During section, the diafiltration thing liquid body from both the marsh gas reactor and the offal treatment tank is being pumped into the sprinkling System is for being flowed at the liquid before on the solid organic castoff that is sprayed onto in the offal treatment tank Manage in tank.The system, which can further include, to be configured to the diafiltration thing liquid body and enters before the liquid handling tank from institute State the filtering tank that diafiltration thing liquid body isolates solids.
The element of the other side of the present invention can also be applied to the present invention in this respect.
In another aspect, the present invention relates to it is a kind of be used for by organic material decomposition into biogas and compost method, it is described Method is comprised the steps of：(a) solid organic castoff is loaded into offal treatment tank；(b) at one or more During the hydrolysis of series and gasifying stage：(i) will during first (and/or follow-up) hydrolysis stage of bacterium hydrolysis occurs wherein Percolating liquid is sprayed on the solid organic castoff in the offal treatment tank；(ii) described first (and/or after It is continuous) during hydrolysis stage in successor of the percolating liquid by the solid organic castoff in the offal treatment tank Selection of land recycles the percolating liquid；(iii) percolating liquid is pumped into natural pond during first (and/or follow-up) gasifying stage For generation biogas in solid/liquid/gas reactions device tank；(iv) it is anti-from the biogas after described first (and/or follow-up) gasifying stage Pumping in device tank is answered to go out to be percolated thing liquid body, for being sprayed on during second and/or sequential hydrolysis stage at the discarded object Manage on the solid organic castoff in tank；And (c) is after all hydrolysis and gasifying stage, to the offal treatment tank Ventilated for solid organic castoff described in the compost under aerobic condition.
In certain embodiments, performed before the composting period starts the serial hydrolysis and gasifying stage reach from The cycle (for example, up to about 21 days) of 1 week to 4 weeks.In certain embodiments, methane is produced during the gasifying stage in institute State in marsh gas reactor tank and occur.In a preferred embodiment, the hydrolysis and gasifying stage occur under anaerobic.Some In embodiment, one or more than one hydrolysis stage (and/or described gasifying stage) occurs at atmosheric pressure.Hydrolysis is big Body occurs with gasification in same time, but the technique occurs in different tanks.
In certain embodiments, the percolating liquid is made to isolate solids from the diafiltration thing liquid body by being configured to Filtering tank, then the filtered liquid is transported in liquid handling tank, described in the liquid handling tank through filtering Liquid is mixed with the liquid from the marsh gas reactor tank, described solid in the offal treatment tank via being sprayed on afterwards It is recycled on body organic waste.In certain embodiments, the percolating liquid enters process tank, in the process tank The percolating liquid is mixed with the liquid from the marsh gas reactor tank, afterwards via being sprayed in the offal treatment tank The solid organic castoff on and be recycled.
In certain embodiments, percolating liquid flood irrigation institute is used during methods described is included in the hydrolysis stage at least one times State offal treatment tank.
In certain embodiments, have described in during at least part of the composting period in the offal treatment tank The temperature of machine solid waste reaches at least 60 DEG C.In a preferred embodiment, methods described is further contained in the compost rank Section during in air by the solid organic castoff in the offal treatment tank after the air is passed through life The step of thing filter.In certain embodiments, before the composting period terminates to the institute in the offal treatment tank Solid organic castoff is stated to carry out disinfection.
The description to the element of embodiment can also be applied to the present invention in this respect above.
In another aspect, it is used for the present invention relates to one kind during digestion phase from processing module conveying diafiltration thing and use The dual purpose excretion sub-assembly ventilated during the composting period in castoff processing system to the processing module, it is described Excretion sub-assembly includes one or more tracks that multiple conduits are drilled through it, wherein each of described conduit has Have：(i) first end, it is towards the processing module containing the solid waste just handled；And (ii) second end, it is towards one Pipe, is flowed out from the processing module by the conduit in liquid percolates thing during hydrolyzing and air passes through institute during compost State conduit to be flowed into the processing module, wherein the first end has the width or diameter less than second end.At certain In a little embodiments, the first end has 90% diameter (or width) of the diameter (or width) at no more than described second end. In some embodiments, the ratio of the diameter at the diameter of the first end and second end is about 0.75.
In certain embodiments, each of described track have recess, and this little notched rail in both or two Person's shelf formed above for being used to support removable plate (for example, stainless steel plate), the removable plate is prevented at the discarded object The solid waste managed in module enters the pipe.In certain embodiments, the pipe is to be formed at below the processing module Cast concrete base in conduit.
The element of the other side of the present invention can also be applied to the present invention in this respect.
In another aspect, the present invention relates to it is a kind of be used for by organic material decomposition into biogas and compost equipment, it is described Equipment is included：Offal treatment tank, solid organic castoff is loaded into the offal treatment tank and in the discarded object Hydrolysis and compost occur in the independent time in process tank, wherein the compost of the solid organic castoff is after hydrolysis is completed Occur during the independent stage, wherein the offal treatment tank includes discharge port at or near its substrate, the discharge port permits Perhaps during the hydrolysis stage, percolating liquid is flowed out from the offal treatment tank, and the discharge port is also served as in the heap Air is flowed into the solid organic castoff in the offal treatment tank by it and/or from described during the fertile stage The passage flowed out in solid organic castoff；Sprinkling system, it will be percolated thing liquid during being configured to the hydrolysis stage Body is sprayed onto on the solid organic castoff in the offal treatment tank, wherein the diafiltration thing liquid body is included from described The aliphatic acid of solid organic castoff leaching, and the diafiltration thing liquid body is discarded from described during the hydrolysis stage The substrate recycling of thing process tank；And marsh gas reactor tank, by the diafiltration thing liquid from the offal treatment tank Body is pumped into the marsh gas reactor tank for producing biogas under anaerobic during gasifying stage, wherein the row Drain port, which is included, to be used to convey the percolating liquid and for described from the offal treatment tank during the hydrolysis stage The dual purpose excretion sub-assembly ventilated during composting period to the offal treatment tank, the excretion sub-assembly is included： Passage, it is placed in below the process tank；One or more tracks, are drilled through one or more than one track Multiple conduits, wherein each of described conduit has：(i) first end, it is towards containing the SOLID ORGANIC just handled The offal treatment tank of discarded object；And (ii) second end, it is described during the hydrolysis stage to ooze towards the passage Filtrate body is flowed out by the conduit from the offal treatment tank and air is led by described during the composting period Pipe is flowed into the offal treatment tank, wherein the first end has the width or diameter less than second end；And can Plate is removed, it is supported by one or more than one track, the plate covers the passage to prevent the offal treatment The solid organic castoff in tank enters the passage.
In certain embodiments, the offal treatment tank be configured to the hydrolysis stage, the composting period or Operated during both under ambient pressure.In certain embodiments, the offal treatment tank is configured to the hydrolysis rank Operated under anaerobic during section.In certain embodiments, come during the equipment is further contained in the composting period The biofilter passed through from the air of the offal treatment tank before air is discharged into.In certain embodiments, it is described Equipment is further comprising the filter for being configured to isolate solids from the diafiltration thing liquid body.
In certain embodiments, the equipment includes at least two offal treatment tanks being connected in parallel.Implement some In example, the offal treatment tank includes acid-proof lining or coating.In certain embodiments, the marsh gas reactor tank is airtight 's.In certain embodiments, the equipment, which is further included, is used in the marsh gas reactor tank or in biogas reaction The heater of thing liquid body is percolated described in device tank external heat.In certain embodiments, the marsh gas reactor tank include be used to from The diafiltration thing liquid body isolates the sedimentation basin of sediment and/or particulate matter.
In certain embodiments, the equipment further includes liquid handling tank, from the marsh gas reactor tank, described The diafiltration thing liquid body of offal treatment tank or both is being pumped into the sprinkling system for during the hydrolysis stage It is flowed into before on the solid organic castoff being sprayed onto in the offal treatment tank in the liquid handling tank.At certain In a little embodiments, the diafiltration thing liquid body from both the marsh gas reactor tank and the offal treatment tank is being pumped into The SOLID ORGANIC for stating sprinkling system to be sprayed onto during the hydrolysis stage in the offal treatment tank is discarded It is flowed into before on thing in the liquid handling tank.In certain embodiments, the equipment further includes and is configured to institute State the filtering tank for isolating solids before diafiltration thing liquid body enters the liquid handling tank from the diafiltration thing liquid body.Some In embodiment, the equipment includes a liquid handling tank for each offal treatment tank.In certain embodiments, it is described to set It is standby to include at least five offal treatment tanks for each of one or more marsh gas reactor tanks.
In certain embodiments, the first end of each of described conduit has the diameter at no more than described second end 90% diameter.In certain embodiments, one or more than one track includes recess, forms described for supporting whereby The shelf of removable plate.In certain embodiments, the passage is formed at the cast concrete base below the offal treatment tank In.In certain embodiments, the equipment includes two or more tracks, wherein described two or two or more track bag The first track containing the first edge placement along the passage and the second track of the second edge placement along the passage. In certain embodiments, the equipment, which is arranged such that during the hydrolysis stage, is sprayed onto in the offal treatment tank At least a portion of the diafiltration thing liquid body on the solid organic castoff is not first by the marsh gas reactor Received in the case of tank from the substrate of the offal treatment tank.
The element of the other side of the present invention can also be applied to the present invention in this respect.
Brief description of the drawings
Schema described below and claims are referred to more fully understand the target and feature of the present invention.Institute Schema is stated to be not necessarily drawn to scale, and emphasis is generally placed upon the principle for illustrating the present invention.In the drawings, through various views Similar component is indicated using similar numbering.
Although especially showing and describing the present invention, art with reference to particular instance and specific embodiment herein It should be understood to the one skilled in the art that in the case of without departing substantially from spirit and scope of the present invention, can make wherein in form and details On various changes.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for the equipment that embodiments in accordance with the present invention are used for digestion and composted solids discarded object, and it is protruded It is shown in component involved in hydrolysis and methane generation stage.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for the equipment that embodiments in accordance with the present invention are used for digestion and composted solids discarded object, and it is protruded It is shown in component involved in composting period.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram for the equipment that embodiments in accordance with the present invention are used for digestion and composted solids discarded object, and it is protruded It is shown in component involved in hydrolysis and methane generation stage.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram for the equipment that embodiments in accordance with the present invention are used for digestion and composted solids discarded object, and it is protruded It is shown in component involved in composting period.
Fig. 5 is that embodiments in accordance with the present invention are used to be percolated thing from processing module conveying during digestion phase and are used for The schematic diagram of the view for the dual purpose excretion sub-assembly ventilated during composting period to processing module.
Embodiment
It is expected that unit, system, method and the technique of institute's claimed invention are included using from reality described herein Apply the change and adjustment of the information development of example.Adjustment to device described herein, system, method and technique and/or repair Changing can be performed by those possessing an ordinary skill in the pertinent arts.
Therethrough by unit and System describe to there are, contain or comprise specific components or by technique and method Be described as having, containing or comprising this description of particular step, it is also contemplated that in the presence of being substantially made up of the component described or The unit of the invention and system being made up of the component described, and there is the process step group substantially by being described Into or by the process step that the is described process according to the invention and method that constitute.
As long as it should be understood that the present invention keeps operable, the order of each step or for performing the order of some actions not It is important.In addition, two or more steps or action can be carried out simultaneously.
It is expected that method, system and the technique of institute's claimed invention, which are included, uses the information from embodiment described herein That develops is scaling up, changes and adjusts.Reactor apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the art can be used to hold Row technique described herein and method, include (but not limited to) (for example) batch-type reactor, plug flow reactor, company Continuous stirred tank, packed bed reactor, slurry reactor, fluidized bed reactor and king-post.It is described herein Technique can in batches, it is semicontinuous and/or continuous operation in carry out or for it is described operation adjusted.It is also contemplated that advocating hair Bright method, system and technique can include pump, heat exchanger and gas phase, liquid phase known to one of ordinary skill in the art And/or solid phase material disposal facility.
Referring to it is not an admission that the publication to any publication in (for example) background section herein Serve as the prior art on any one of technical scheme presented herein.Background section is in order at clearly mesh And present and be not intended as the description to the prior art on any technical scheme.
In certain embodiments, the present invention relates to a kind of method for organic substance to be changed into biogas and compost.Can The organic substance is classified and it is mixed with green structure, is incorporated in processing module, wherein in process tank again The diafiltration thing of circulation is washed off nutrients (for example, volatile fatty acid).Can will excessive diafiltration thing pumping through coarse filter Reach the reactor tank for wherein occurring anaerobic digestion.The biogas that produces in the reactor can be conveyed to be utilized.Can then by Degassed diafiltration thing returns to process tank to wash extra nutritional thing off from organic substance.
In another embodiment, after a period of time and when reaching designated value in pH, stop infiltration process, open empty Gas import, and by the excretory system for diafiltration, draw air across organic substance to originate composting process.Compost it Afterwards, emptying process module, and retain the material in for after-ripening in open separation, untill it is classified, and finally Soil improves product and is ready for answering market.
In certain embodiments, two benches (AD and compost) with by the AD process times it is interdependent and be physically divided into hydrolysis and first Alkane produces combination.For example, in the first process cycles, the diafiltration of dry organic substance causes hydrolyte (such as volatility fat Fat acid etc.) it is extracted, and diafiltration thing (Wet portion) is delivered to marsh gas reactor tank for methane generation.In one embodiment In, hydrolysis occurs under anaerobic.Hydrolysis can be completed with solid phase, and the methane subsequently then carried out with wetting phase is produced, rear continued access The compost that the methane carried out with solid phase produced and be finally dry phase.
In certain embodiments, AD and compost are realized using specialized processing module (PM) and methane reactor (MR). In one embodiment, the mixture of structure and organic substance is loaded into PM, and close one or one of the PM with Upper lock gate.The effluent (that is, being percolated thing) containing hydrolyte from PM can be delivered to process tank before MR is transferred to (PT)。
In certain embodiments, the degassed liquid from MR is returned into PT, can sprayed the liquid from the PT On organic substance into PM.Diafiltration thing from PM can be fed back to by process tank by the discharge port in PM bottom. In one embodiment, processing module is operated under anaerobic during being percolated.Excess containing hydrolyte now can be percolated Liquid is fed through coarse filter and is incorporated into MR, and methane produces generation in the MR.Fresh and degassed diafiltration thing Separation can be used reactor tank in Hierarchy Principle occur.Diafiltration thing can be continuously taken out from MR and is entered in a heat exchanger Row heating.
When the pH of the diafiltration thing from processing module out has reached that the solid portion in defined level and PM has passed through When methane-producing bacteria is inoculated with, methane, which is produced, to be started in PM.After a period of time, stop the methane in PM and produce or product It is tired.In one embodiment, for example, open air intlet and fan and start suction air (including oxygen) through being still contained in And it is enclosed in the organic substance in processing module.During this part of technique, when compost occurs, processing module is in aerobic bar Operated under part.In another embodiment, introduced by the discharge port identical discharge port passed through with being percolated fluid during being percolated Or extract air.
The composting process for being introduced into organic substance that can be in start to process module of air.In certain embodiments, this is caused Temperature increase, and disinfecting process will generation.In addition, water can reduce moisture whereby from organic material evaporation.It is organic leaving After material, air can be fed through to biofilter and optionally washing device to eliminate smell.
In certain embodiments, when the temperature of the organic substance in processing module has reached defined level or composting process Occur up to after the special time cycle, stopped fan.Now, the door or gate of processing module can be opened, and can be from processing Take out degassed and through compost organic substance in module.Then, in the open separation outside organic substance can be kept with In after-ripening, final sizing is carried out afterwards and is mixed to improve product to obtain compost or soil.
In certain embodiments there is provided the decomposition method for organic substance, wherein a certain amount of to be formed as needed Biogas.The mixture of processing module filling structure that anaerobism mode drives and organic substance can be given.In one embodiment, will Percolating liquid is sprayed onto on organic substance, guides to process tank by the bottom of processing module, from it at percolating liquid is sprayed again Spill on organic substance.In another embodiment, excessive percolating liquid is made to be entered by coarse filter in reactor tank, in institute State in reactor tank and the percolating liquid is fermented into biogas.Degassed diafiltration thing can be fed back to process tank.
Decomposition method described herein is advantageously based on simple and sane technique.In this way so that according to Need to control formed biogas to be possibly realized, and can correspondingly control to (for example) in time to peak or low required time It is converted into electric energy or produces the biogas requirement of heat.Although can not provide or can only provide what biogas was produced in the constrained cycle The consumption to be adapted in known facility is controlled, but embodiments in accordance with the present invention can be provided by decomposition method to currently That asks rapidly adapts to.
The all substances for coming from live organism can be considered as biogenic material, in particular, include the following：It is biological Discarded object, lawn shear cut thing, roadside lop, garden lop, biosolids thing, trade waste, castoff, family expenses Discarded object, agricultural wastes, kitchen waste, renewable resource and similar material.
In certain embodiments, it is physically and on the time to separate because hydrolysis and methane are produced, therefore biogas contains There are the sulphur and silica of low concentration, therefore when carrying out heat and electric power generation in internal combustion engine using biogas to H2S and SiOx Cleaning be unnecessary.
In one embodiment of the invention, performed in the way of not block processing module be used for be percolated thing The construction of the bottom of discharge and air discharge.In this way, design can ensure that diafiltration thing and air have all the time during operation Free path.
As mentioned, in certain embodiments, atmosphere be during being percolated anaerobism and be aerobic during compost.Can Further make PM heat-insulated or even it is heated.For example, the temperature in processing module can be 38 DEG C during being percolated And be 70 DEG C during compost.
In certain embodiments, by a loop come all liq in pumping system.It can discontinuously discharge and be used in combination The fresh liquid rich in hydrolyte replaces the percolating liquid that reactor tank is left as degassed diafiltration thing.In this way, may be used Avoid the concentration of the impurity in loop.In another embodiment, it will sink in reactor tank and/or the material separation of floating exist In sedimentation basin, the sedimentation basin is equipped with can remove the pump of sludge.
In certain embodiments, the methane for being carried out being percolated thing to biogas by means of bacterium is produced.In this case, can be Methane generation is carried out under the participation of the bacterial substrates of several bacterial strains.Methane reactor can be heated；For example, following behaviour can be passed through Make to heat it：Take out liquid slip stream and heat liquid in a heat exchanger, be introduced into reactor again afterwards In tank.In this way, steady temperature can be maintained in marsh gas reactor.For example, the temperature in marsh gas reactor can be big Between about 38 DEG C or 55 DEG C.
In addition, there is provided include at least one processing module, process tank, filtering tank and reactor tank in certain embodiments Equipment.The processing module can be equipped with least one pump and a fan.For example, methane reactor tank can be CSTR, UASB or the another type for AD.Compared with previous system, because the processing step that methane is produced occurs in MR, Therefore excessively feeding is less likely to occur and is easier to be controlled and/or measures.
Preferably, in one embodiment, biogas facility includes at least five processing modules being connected in parallel.In this situation In, continuously or discontinuously percolating liquid is sprayed on organic substance., can be via special depending on used material The sprinkling system of design performs sprinkling for each processing module by independent pump.For example, each processing mould can be directed to Block forms independent operable fluid loop.The connection between one or more indivedual percolation filters can be used to come to organic substance It is inoculated with the bacterium of particular species.
In certain embodiments, the use of at least two percolation filters, which has, can load and unload at any given time solid The advantage of material.In addition, the matrix specific residence time in each processing module can individually be controlled.
Due to the acid that can be formed during decomposition technique, processing module is preferably acidproof.In certain embodiments, ooze The filtrate body dissolving acid and/or the other materials formed, and/or make percolating liquid rich in the hydrolysis of methane can be readily converted into Matter.
In one embodiment, the processing module has the bottom of particular design.During being percolated, processing module is used Bottom come perform solid-liquid separation, wherein separated percolating liquid is collected and by means of pump in loop under discharge port In be located continuously or discontinuously sprayed on organic substance.Excessive percolating liquid can be pumped into have and be suitably filled with the slow of liquid level Rush in tank and be pumped into from there in biogas process reactor.During compost, the bottom of process tank can be used for having led in air The air discharge crossed after organic substance.Temperature in processing module can be substantially 38 DEG C.The processing module can be made adiabatic and/ Or it is heated.
In certain embodiments, AD is provided by means of the bacterium added and/or fixed, the bacterium is in methane reaction Continuously spread and produce in device.Methane reactor tank can be substantially airtight and/or can be shared according to waste water technology Principle of peactor plays a role.For example, the reactor tank can be upflow type anaerobic sludge bed (UASB sludges bed), solid Bed reactor and/or continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR).For example, Solid Bed marsh gas reactor tank can be used as pulling flow type Reactor and operate so that can define and control the residence time in processing module and the stop in marsh gas reactor tank Both time.
In certain embodiments, methane pocket (CH containing methane4) [for example, 50-85 volumes %], carbon dioxide (CO2) [for example, 15-50 volumes %] and oxygen, nitrogen and trace gas (including hydrogen sulfide).It can be produced by the decomposition method according to the present invention It is raw between about 65 volume % and about 80 volume % or bigger high methane fraction biogas.
For especially, biogas can be directly used for heating purpose or by means of block type thermal power system (internal combustion engine, fuel electricity Pond, turbine) and the coupling that is used for electrically and thermally is produced, or its can improved quality for being incorporated in pipe-line system or for car Fuel.In various embodiments, gas is produced by the anaerobic digestion of organic substance.
In order to increase biogas output, auxiliary material (co-material) (for example, renewable resource or next can be used From the discarded object of food industry).Then it can will be evaluated as the high value fertilizer for agricultural use through AD and through compost organic substance.
In certain embodiments, methane produce during, diafiltration thing slip-stream leave reactor tank, heat exchanger or its It is heated, is reintroduced back to afterwards in reactor tank in its heater.In this way, it can remain permanent in marsh gas reactor tank Constant temperature degree.Temperature in marsh gas reactor tank can be between about 38 DEG C and about 55 DEG C.In certain embodiments, biogas reacts Temperature in device tank is about 38 DEG C or about 55 DEG C.
The accumulation of various material being percolated in thing can be avoided, because the mechanism in the bottom of reactor tank is (for example, precipitation Pond) allow continuously or frequently to remove particulate matter from technique.
Fig. 1, which describes embodiments in accordance with the present invention, is used for the equipment 20 of digestion of solid discarded object.In one embodiment, locate Reason tank 1 is operated under ambient pressure.Liquid percolates pass through the organic substance in process tank 1 and pass through the excretory system at bottom (grid) 3 is discharged.Diafiltration thing is collected in process tank 5, then sprinkling system 2 is pumped into by pump 4 and process tank 1 is returned to In.Excessive percolating liquid is pumped into filtering tank 6 by another pump 8, percolating liquid is filtered in filtering tank 6, connect And be pumped into marsh gas reactor tank 9.Degassed percolating liquid is discharged from marsh gas reactor tank 9 and returns it to process tank 5.
Processing module 1 is configured to a type of " garage " or container with acid-proof lining.Processing module 1 is configured So that it is loaded by customary practice means (for example, by wheel loader).The bottom of processing module 1 includes excretion System 3 causes can occur solid-liquid separation.Excretory system 3 is through design and constructs to prevent from blocking or block.Processing module 1 It can be operated under ambient pressure.
The row of excretory system 3 at bottom that percolating liquid is drained or is percolated and pass through processing module 1 through organic substance Go out processing module 1.Diafiltration thing is collected in process tank 5, and the sprinkling system that thing is pumped into processing module 1 will be percolated from process tank 5 System 2.Liquid is located continuously or discontinuously sprayed on the organic substance in processing module 1 by sprinkling system 2 by means of pump 4.
During the operation of equipment 20, percolating liquid dissolving acid, volatile fatty acid and from solid organic castoff bed Other materials.Therefore, digestible material can be held by being rich in percolating liquid.
From process tank 5, excessive percolating liquid is pumped into being suitably filled with the filtering tank 6 of liquid level via pump 8.Filtering Tank 6 from liquid flow equipped with can wherein separate out the coarse filter of larger block (for example, big solids).
From the coarse filter, percolating liquid is pumped into marsh gas reactor 9 in a gastight manner by means of pump 8.Biogas Reactor 9 is played and made according to waste water technology (for example, UASB, CSTR, sludge bed, solid-bed reactor) shared reaction principle With.Inside marsh gas reactor 9, quickly percolating liquid is digested to and mainly contains CH4And CO2Discharge biogas 13.It is anti-from biogas Answer device 9 to discharge degassed percolating liquid and return it to process tank 5 using pump 7.
Fig. 2, which describes embodiments in accordance with the present invention, is used for the equipment of composted solids discarded object.Hydrolyze depicted in figure 1 And after the methane generation stage, as the condition introduced in air, processing module 1 is changed into from anaerobism (in the case of diafiltration) It is aerobic.In the embodiment depicted, the air intlet 10 being installed on the top of processing module 1 is opened, and pump 11 starts to connect Draw air across the organic substance being percolated continuously or discontinuously (for example, intermittently).After by organic substance, Air is discharged by biofilter 12, from air washing (for example, using microorganism) smell in biofilter 12.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are analogous respectively to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, wherein hydrolysis/methane produces stage (methane depicted in figure 3 Chemical industry skill) during technique stream in have minor alteration.In figure 3, oozing by the discharge port 3 at the bottom of processing module 1 Screening passes through filtering tank 6 first before entering in process tank 5.Filtering tank 6 equipped with can wherein be separated out from liquid flow compared with The coarse filter of big block (for example, big solids).Also it will (for example) be oozed using pump from the degassed of marsh gas reactor tank 9 Filtrate body is discharged into process tank 5.Therefore, process tank 5 collects diafiltration thing from processing module 1 and from marsh gas reactor tank 9 The liquid of recycling, as depicted in figure 3.Liquid from process tank 5 is pumped into one or more processing modules 1 Sprinkling system 2 (Fig. 3 describes per processing module 1 one process tanks 5, but alternate embodiment can have and share single process tank 5 Multiple processing modules 1).Liquid is located continuously or discontinuously sprayed on having in processing module 1 by sprinkling system 2 by means of pump 4 On machine material.Fig. 3, which describes to have for each processing modules 1 of two processing module 1-- of each marsh gas reactor tank 9, to be associated Process tank 5 and filtering tank 6.However, can exist for many processing modules 1 of given marsh gas reactor tank 9.For example, In various embodiments, a facility, which can have, is used for give marsh gas reactor tank 9 at least 5,10,15 or 20 processing modules 1.
Hydrolyze depicted in figure 3 and after the methane generation stage, with the condition introduced in air, processing module 1 It is changed into from anaerobism aerobic.Fig. 4 describes this aerobic compost stage, wherein being percolated in hydrolysis/in the methane generation stage, logistics is dynamic to wear The same treatment module 1 crossed is used for the Aerobic Process for Treatment of organic waste, and solids is avoided whereby to the conveying of another storage. In the embodiment described, as demonstrated in Figure 4, the air intlet 10 being installed on the top of processing module 1 is opened and pump 11 start located continuously or discontinuously to draw air across the organic substance being percolated (for example, intermittently).By organic After material, air is discharged by biofilter 12, from air washing (for example, using microorganism) in biofilter 12 Smell.
One exemplary embodiment
The exemplary embodiment of system depicted in figure 3 described in this chapters and sections.In this example, the system is led to Cross and continuing to produce the anaerobic digestion of solids waste material (for example, urban waste) out of one week to the cycle of surrounding Biogas.Then fertile black earth is resolved into degassed material by aerobic decomposition, this is extra two weeks to four of cost The process in week.The system allows controlling while avoiding the excessive engineering design (over- to technological facilities to bioprocess technology engineering)。
Urban waste is weighed and detected, is hereafter unloaded in reception area, is evaluated in the reception area The quality and purity of material.Surfactant fluid from reception area is guided reception is reached by oil eliminator and sand collector Tank, then it is pumped into sewer.
Then disposed and pre-treated solid using mobile device (such as front-end loader, entry mixers and rotary screen) Urban waste.Inorganic component (such as plastics, metal) is isolated to burn.Handled in roller sieve filter remaining Discarded object.The part filtered out is transported at burning, at the same in entry mixers by ' clean ' partly with structural material (example Such as branch and thick garden refuse) mixing.In this example, substantially 2kg structural material is used for every 10kg discarded object. By blended material front bearing into processing module 1.When filled, each module 1 is closed by latching airtight door guard plate.
Biogas is produced in two stages (hydrolysis and methane are produced).Hydrolysis is in processing module 1 (for example, 600m3Coagulation Native case or storage) in occur, each of which module 1 is equipped with sprinkler 2 and aerating system 10.To in the processing module of closing Organic waste irrigates the diafiltration thing from process tank 5.This diafiltration extracts aliphatic acid out from discarded object and acid diafiltration thing is then used Gas in reactor tank 9 is produced.Hydrolysis operation in processing module 1 is reached from two weeks to the cycle of surrounding.
The airtight reactor tank 9 of gas storage is being also used for (for example, 1,500m3Cover septate concrete container) in Produce methane.The fluid (diafiltration thing) of hydrolysis in processing module 1 is directed to reactor tank 9, the institute in reactor tank 9 State fluid and be fed to methane generation.The addition of diafiltration thing is controlled by the pH value in reactor tank.Produced for good gas Raw, the pH in the tank should be from about 7 to about 7.5.Technique in reactor tank 9 can only stirred without stirring or slightly Occur in the case of mixing.The design of reactor tank 9 can be only the modification of the biogasification tank to being used for fowl and animal excrement in plant.
Therefore, two technique-hydrolysis are disposed in the container being physically isolated and methane is produced, and between two containers Interface is single process tank 5 (for example, 6m3Storage).Technology controlling and process is performed in process tank 5, and all related facilities (are included Valve, pump, fan etc.) it can build in the process tank or surrounding.This allows to be not present in processing module 1 or reactor tank 9 Electric facility.In a preferred embodiment, there is a process tank 5 for being connected to each processing module 1.For example, it is using this The facility of system can have 20 adjacent or staggered relatively each other processing modules 1, and (each processing module 1 has corresponding processing Tank 5) and two reactor tanks 9, therefore, in this example, each marsh gas reactor tank 9 has 5 processing modules 1.
From reactor tank 9, biogas can be directed into biogas motor, the biogas motor produce the electricity that is fed to power network and The heat that internal system is used.Heat from biogas motor can be transferred to reactor 9, office etc. by internal heating system.Or, it can catch Obtain biogas and its quality is improved to more high methane content and natural gas system is fed to.In gas control unit measurement flue By methane content, CO2Air-flow and quality that content and 02 content table reach.In addition to methane, CO can be also captured2.Facility can be equipped with Gas is utilized in the case that emergent gas range site (for example, gas enlarging) in biogas motor to collapse or during repairing.
Once hydrolysis is completed, pathogenic microbes just are removed from material in sterilisation step, wherein by processing module Temperature lifting reaches minimum one hour to minimum 70 DEG C.After purging, can be in composting period by the discarded object in processing module 1 It is converted into compost.
Composting process depicted in figure 4 is activated by the forced aeration to now degassed discarded object, now heap Fertilizer starts and pH rises.By opening the pneumatic control damper 10 in the top plate of processing module 1 air can be allowed empty whereby Gas enters in module 1 to perform the inflation.Each processing module 1 has the air intlet 10 of its own.Using being placed on Fan outside processing module 1 is by draining bottom 3 via the tube seat sucking-off air in the bottom plate of processing module 1.
Compost will typically run up to two weeks in processing module 1 and arrive surrounding, and hereafter compost is stablized and is movable to out Formula curing box is put for last compost, without odor problem.Air conveying is passed through compost agglomerate and will by aerating system Plant air is sucked into air cleaning system 12.Plant air is cleaned for decomposition and clean odors component, such as ammonia.Can be in letter Clean air in single open surface biological filter, or if it is required, then discarded object can be carried out to it in the washers Handle and then cleaned in biofilter.If facility is equipped with washer, then water recirculation system can be set up So that water uses minimum.
Fig. 5 is used for during digestion phase from the conveying of processing module 1 diafiltration thing and for right during composting period The schematic diagram of the view for the exemplary dual purpose excretion sub-assembly 3 that processing module 1 is ventilated.The exemplary dimensions shown are In units of millimeter.It is the upward view of the track 201 with funnel 202 with reference to 200, diafiltration thing is in digestion phase (hydrolysis/methane Producing) period flows to pipe 204 (side B) by the slave module (side A) of funnel 202, and air is flowed by funnel 202 from pipe 204 (side B) Move module (side A).Funnel 202 has a cone shape, and wherein narrow end 204 is towards processing module 1 and wide end 206 towards pipe 204. It has been found that this design contributes to the biological agglomerate for preventing funnel 202 to be processed in module 1 to block.In certain embodiments, narrow end The ratio of the diameter at diameter and wide end 206 at 204 is about 0.75.In certain embodiments, the ratio is not more than greatly About 0.90.
It is the side view of track 201 from the side (side A) of processing module 1 with reference to 208, it shows the narrow end 204 of funnel 202. It is side view from the track 201 of pipe side (side B) with reference to 210, it shows the wide end 206 of funnel 202.It is track 201 with reference to 212 Ground plan view, its show fixing steel plate 216 prefabricated shelf 214, and with reference to 218 be track 201 ground plan views, its show For the prefabricated screw hole 220 for the screw 221 that track 201 is bolted to concrete 222.
It is the top view of track 201 with reference to 224.This view shows the screw for track 201 to be bolted to concrete 222 221 prefabricated screw hole 220 and the prefabricated shelf 214 for holding steel plate 216.Dotted line represents funnel 202 as described above.
It is the ground plan view of excretory system with reference to 230.Track 201 is on the either side of pipe 204.For example, the rail Road can be made up of polythene PE HD LF1000.Funnel 202 drills to allow liquid to ooze during hydrolysis stage through track 201 Screening flow to pipe 204 from processing module 1 and allows air to flow to processing module 1 from pipe 204 during composting period.Screw 221 are bolted directly to track 201 in concrete 222.
In hydrolysis/during the methane generation stage, diafiltration thing is flowed into pipe 204 from processing module 1 and is transported to from pipe 204 Filtering tank 6, process tank 5 and it is then transported to marsh gas reactor tank 9.In addition, during composting period, air flow passes through pipe 204 and it is flowed into via funnel 202 in processing module 1.Steel plate 216 (for example, stainless steel thick 6mm) is to pipe 204 plus top and heap On top of the fertilizer in steel plate 216.Steel plate 216 prevents compost/discarded object in processing module 1 from falling directly into pipe 204.Plate 216 shelf 214 by being fabricated into track 201 is immobilizated in appropriate location.Shelf 214 allows to complete in compost and from processing Module 1 easily removes plate 216 to clean pipe 204 when removing solid material.
Equivalent
Although especially showing and describing the present invention, those skilled in the art with reference to certain preferred embodiment It should be understood that in the case of without departing substantially from spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims, can do wherein The various changes gone out in form and details.

Claims (44)

1. a kind of be used for organic material decomposition into the system of biogas and compost, the system includes：
Offal treatment tank, solid organic castoff is loaded onto in the offal treatment tank and hydrolyzed and compost is described useless Occur in gurry process tank in the independent time, wherein independent rank of the compost of the solid organic castoff after hydrolysis is completed Occur during section, wherein the offal treatment tank includes discharge port at or near its substrate, the discharge port allows diafiltration Liquid is flowed out during the hydrolysis stage from the offal treatment tank, and the discharge port is also served as in the composting period Period air is so as to being flowed into the solid organic castoff in the offal treatment tank and/or from the SOLID ORGANIC The passage flowed out in discarded object；
Sprinkling system, diafiltration thing liquid body is sprayed onto the offal treatment by it during being configured to for the first anaerobic hydrolysis stage On the solid organic castoff in tank, wherein the diafiltration thing liquid body includes the fat from the solid organic castoff leaching Fat acid, and the substrate of diafiltration thing liquid body from the offal treatment tank is followed again during the hydrolysis stage Ring；And
Marsh gas reactor tank, the diafiltration thing liquid body from the offal treatment tank is pumped into the marsh gas reactor tank In for producing biogas under anaerobic during gasifying stage,
Wherein described system is configured such that：
(i) during the first anaerobic hydrolysis stage, the discarded object is passed through at least Part I of the percolating liquid After the solid organic castoff in process tank, recycle at least Part I of the percolating liquid, and Not first by the Part I of the percolating liquid by marsh gas reactor in the case of, by described in the percolating liquid Part I is sprayed in the solid waste,
(ii) during the first gasifying stage, at least Part II of the diafiltration thing liquid body is pumped into the marsh gas reactor For producing biogas in tank,
(iii) after first gasifying stage, pumping goes out to be percolated thing liquid body from the marsh gas reactor tank,
Given up for the SOLID ORGANIC that is sprayed on during second and/or sequential hydrolysis stage in the offal treatment tank On gurry, and
(iv) after all anaerobic hydrolysis and gasifying stage, the offal treatment tank is ventilated for aerobic Under the conditions of make the solid organic castoff compost.
2. system according to claim 1, wherein the offal treatment tank be configured to the hydrolysis stage, it is described Operated during composting period or both under ambient pressure.
3. system according to claim 1 or 2, it further comprises coming from the discarded object during the composting period The biofilter that the air of process tank passes through before air is discharged into.
4. system according to claim 1 or 2, it further comprises being configured to isolating admittedly from the diafiltration thing liquid body The filter of body thing.
5. system according to claim 1 or 2, it includes at least two offal treatment tanks being connected in parallel.
6. system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the offal treatment tank includes acid-proof lining or coating.
7. system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the marsh gas reactor tank is airtight.
8. system according to claim 1 or 2, it further comprises being used in the marsh gas reactor tank or described The heater of thing liquid body is percolated described in marsh gas reactor tank external heat.
9. system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the marsh gas reactor tank includes being used to from the diafiltration thing liquid body Isolate the sedimentation basin of sediment and/or particulate matter.
10. system according to claim 1 or 2, it further comprises liquid handling tank, and diafiltration thing liquid body is in the hydrolysis The SOLID ORGANIC for being pumped into the sprinkling system during stage to be sprayed onto in the offal treatment tank is discarded It is flowed into before on thing in the liquid handling tank, or the liquid is flowed into before the marsh gas reactor tank is pumped into In process tank.
11. system according to claim 10, wherein diafiltration thing liquid body be pumped into during the hydrolysis stage it is described Sprinkling system is for being flowed into the liquid before on the solid organic castoff that is sprayed onto in the offal treatment tank In body process tank, or it is flowed into the liquid handling tank being pumped into before the marsh gas reactor tank.
12. system according to claim 11, it further comprises that being configured to the diafiltration thing liquid body enters described The filter of solids is isolated before liquid handling tank from the diafiltration thing liquid body.
13. system according to claim 10, it includes a liquid handling tank for each offal treatment tank.
14. system according to claim 13, it includes extremely for each of one or more marsh gas reactor tanks Few five offal treatment tanks.
15. a kind of be used for organic material decomposition into the method for biogas and compost, methods described includes：
(a) solid organic castoff is loaded into offal treatment tank；
(b) during one or more serial hydrolysis and gasifying stage：
(i) percolating liquid is sprayed on the discarded object during the first anaerobic hydrolysis stage that anaerobic bacteria hydrolysis occurs wherein On the solid organic castoff in process tank；
(ii) during the first anaerobic hydrolysis stage, the offal treatment is passed through in the Part I of the percolating liquid After the solid organic castoff in tank, the Part I of the percolating liquid is recycled, and first will not In the case that the Part I of the percolating liquid is by marsh gas reactor, by the Part I of the percolating liquid It is sprayed on the solid organic castoff；
(iii) during the first gasifying stage, by the Part II of percolating liquid be pumped into the marsh gas reactor tank with In generation biogas；
(iv) pumping goes out to be percolated thing liquid body from the marsh gas reactor tank after first gasifying stage, for Two and/or the sequential hydrolysis stage during be sprayed on the solid organic castoff in the offal treatment tank；And
(c) after all anaerobic hydrolysis and gasifying stage, the offal treatment tank is ventilated for aerobic Under the conditions of make the solid organic castoff compost.
16. method according to claim 15, wherein performing the serial hydrolysis before the composting period starts And gasifying stage was up to the time cycle of 1 week to 4 weeks.
17. the method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein methane are produced during the gasifying stage in the biogas Occur in reactor tank.
18. the method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein one or more than one hydrolysis stage is in atmospheric pressure Occur under power.
19. the method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein making the percolating liquid by being configured to from the diafiltration Thing liquid body isolates the filter of solids, and then filtered liquid is transported in liquid handling tank, afterwards via being sprayed on It is recycled on the solid organic castoff in the offal treatment tank, or the filtered liquid is pumped into In the marsh gas reactor tank.
20. the method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the percolating liquid enters in liquid handling tank, afterwards via It is recycled on the solid organic castoff being sprayed in the offal treatment tank, or the percolating liquid is taken out Transport in the marsh gas reactor tank.
21. the method according to claim 15 or 16, it includes using percolating liquid flood irrigation institute during the hydrolysis stage The step of stating offal treatment tank at least one times.
22. the method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein hydrolysis occurs with gasification in same time.
23. the method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein the organic solid in the offal treatment tank is discarded The temperature of thing reaches at least 60 DEG C during at least part of the composting period.
24. the method according to claim 15 or 16, it further comprises during the composting period, in air having led to Crossing after the solid organic castoff in the offal treatment tank makes the step of air is by biofilter.
25. the method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein before the composting period terminates to the discarded object at The solid organic castoff in reason tank carries out disinfection.
26. a kind of be used for organic material decomposition into the equipment of biogas and compost, the equipment includes：
Offal treatment tank, solid organic castoff is loaded onto in the offal treatment tank and hydrolyzed and compost is described useless Occur in gurry process tank in the independent time, wherein independent rank of the compost of the solid organic castoff after hydrolysis is completed Occur during section, wherein the offal treatment tank includes discharge port at or near its substrate, the discharge port allows diafiltration Liquid is flowed out during the hydrolysis stage from the offal treatment tank, and the discharge port is also served as in the composting period Period air is so as to being flowed into the solid organic castoff in the offal treatment tank and/or from the SOLID ORGANIC The passage flowed out in discarded object；
Sprinkling system, diafiltration thing liquid body is sprayed onto in the offal treatment tank by it during being configured to the hydrolysis stage The solid organic castoff on, wherein the diafiltration thing liquid body includes the fat from the solid organic castoff leaching Acid, and the substrate of diafiltration thing liquid body from the offal treatment tank is followed again during the hydrolysis stage Ring；And
Marsh gas reactor tank, the marsh gas reactor tank is pumped into by the diafiltration thing liquid body from the offal treatment tank In for producing biogas under anaerobic during gasifying stage,
Wherein described discharge port includes being used for conveying the percolate from the offal treatment tank during the hydrolysis stage Body and the dual purpose excretion sub-assembly for being ventilated during the composting period to the offal treatment tank, the row Letting out sub-assembly includes：
Passage, it is placed in below the offal treatment tank；
One or more tracks, multiple conduits are drilled through one or more of tracks, wherein each of described conduit Have：(i) first end, it is towards the offal treatment tank containing the solid organic castoff just handled；And (ii) Second end, its towards the passage, during the hydrolysis stage percolating liquid by the conduit from the discarded object Flowed out in process tank and air is flowed into the offal treatment tank by the conduit during the composting period, wherein The first end has the width or diameter less than second end；And
Removable plate, it is supported by one or more of tracks, and the plate covers the passage to prevent at the discarded object The solid organic castoff managed in tank enters the passage；And
Wherein described equipment is configured such that in the case of not first by the marsh gas reactor tank, from the discarded object Process tank is received and is sprayed onto during the hydrolysis stage on the solid organic castoff in the offal treatment tank At least a portion of the diafiltration thing liquid body.
27. equipment according to claim 26, wherein the offal treatment tank is configured to the hydrolysis stage, institute Operated during stating composting period or both under ambient pressure.
28. the equipment according to claim 26 or 27, wherein the offal treatment tank is configured to the hydrolysis rank Operated under anaerobic during section.
29. the equipment according to claim 26 or 27, it further comprises during the composting period from described useless The biofilter that the air of gurry process tank passes through before air is discharged into.
30. the equipment according to claim 26 or 27, it further comprises being configured to from the diafiltration thing liquid body separation Go out the filter of solids.
31. the equipment according to claim 26 or 27, it includes at least two offal treatment tanks being connected in parallel.
32. the equipment according to claim 26 or 27, wherein the offal treatment tank includes acid-proof lining or coating.
33. the equipment according to claim 26 or 27, wherein the marsh gas reactor tank is airtight.
34. the equipment according to claim 26 or 27, its further comprise being used in the marsh gas reactor tank or The heater of thing liquid body is percolated described in the marsh gas reactor tank external heat.
35. the equipment according to claim 26 or 27, wherein the marsh gas reactor tank includes being used to from the diafiltration thing Liquid isolates the sedimentation basin of sediment and/or particulate matter.
36. the equipment according to claim 26 or 27, it further comprises liquid handling tank, from the marsh gas reactor The diafiltration thing liquid body of tank, the offal treatment tank or both is being pumped into the sprinkling system in the hydrolysis rank The liquid handling tank is flowed into before on the solid organic castoff being sprayed onto during section in the offal treatment tank In.
37. equipment according to claim 36, wherein from the marsh gas reactor tank and the offal treatment tank two The diafiltration thing liquid body of person is being pumped into the sprinkling system for being sprayed onto the discarded object during the hydrolysis stage It is flowed into before on the solid organic castoff in process tank in the liquid handling tank.
38. the equipment according to claim 37, it further comprises that being configured to the diafiltration thing liquid body enters described The filter of solids is isolated before liquid handling tank from the diafiltration thing liquid body.
39. equipment according to claim 36, it includes a liquid handling tank for each offal treatment tank.
40. the equipment according to claim 39, it is wrapped for each of one or more marsh gas reactor tanks Include at least five offal treatment tanks.
41. the equipment according to claim 26 or 27, wherein the first end has the diameter at no more than described second end 90% diameter.
42. the equipment according to claim 26 or 27, wherein each of one or more than one track includes Recess, forms the shelf for supporting the removable plate whereby.
43. the equipment according to claim 26 or 27, wherein the passage is formed at below the offal treatment tank In cast concrete base.
44. the equipment according to claim 26 or 27, it includes two or more tracks, wherein described two or two Individual the first track for including disposing along the first edge of the passage to get on the right track and the second edge peace along the passage The second track put.
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