Embodiment
By reference back detailed description of the preferred embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention and realize that method of the present invention will be better understood.Yet the present invention may be embodied as many multi-form and should not be construed as the embodiment that is confined to provide herein.On the contrary, provide embodiment to make the disclosure, and will fully pass on notion of the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art fully with complete.Similar in the whole text reference number is represented similar components.
Will be by describing the present invention more fully with reference to the accompanying drawing that shows one exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
To method that make LCD (LCD) according to the embodiment of the invention be described with reference to Fig. 1 and 2.
Fig. 1 illustrates the process flow diagram of making the method for LCD (LCD) according to the embodiment of the invention.
With reference to figure 1, the method for making LCD comprises thin film transistor (TFT) (TFT) technology S10, color filter (C/F) technology S20, liquid crystal cell process S30 and module process S40.
TFT technology S10 is included on the mother substrate and makes a plurality of thin film transistor base plates, and for example comprises and repeat film formation, evaporation, photoetching and etching.
C/F technology S20 is included on the mother substrate and makes a plurality of color filters, and can comprise and for example repeat film formation, evaporation, photoetching and etching, as among the TFT technology S10.Inspection process and cleaning procedure that TFT technology S10 and C/F technology S20 can also be included in before film formation, evaporation, photoetching or the etch process/carry out afterwards.
Liquid crystal cell process S30 is included between thin film transistor (TFT) (TFT) mother substrate and the color filter mother substrate and injects liquid crystal, and can comprise assembling two mother substrates and cut products therefrom.
In assembling and cutting, TFT mother substrate and color filter mother substrate are assembled in the aligning surplus that allows, and the products therefrom of assembling is cut into liquid crystal cells.Can use at least two to have different wavelength of laser and carry out this cutting.
After this, will method for dividing substrate be described in more detail with reference to figure 2.
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram that is illustrated in the liquid crystal cell process shown in Figure 1 according to the method for dividing substrate of the embodiment of the invention.
With reference to figure 2, this method for dividing substrate comprises a plurality of technologies, for example comprises making mother substrate assembly S31, focuses the laser beam into S32 and the mobile simultaneously focal position S33 of cutting mother substrate assembly on the mother substrate assembly.
Preferably, these operations are carried out successively.
As mentioned above, preparation mother substrate assembly S31 comprises the color filter mother substrate that assembling is formed with the TFT mother substrate of a plurality of TFT substrates and is formed with a plurality of filter substrates on it on it, to produce the mother substrate assembly.The mother substrate assembly comprises a plurality of liquid crystal cells.Can on each liquid crystal cells, form the cutting that the predetermined aligned border is used for the mother substrate assembly.
Laser beam focuses on S32 on the mother substrate assembly, and wherein at least two laser beam focus on the two or more diverse locations that vertically separate of mother substrate assembly simultaneously.
The laser beam of using can be first and second laser beam with different wave length.This first and second laser beam focuses at least two diverse locations of mother substrate assembly respectively, and these at least two diverse locations are separated from each other on the vertical line of mother substrate assembly.
If first laser beam has the wavelength shorter than second laser beam, then first laser beam focuses on the top surface of mother substrate assembly, and second laser beam focuses on the basal surface of mother substrate assembly.Vertical the separating of focal position of the basal surface of mother substrate assembly and first laser beam.The refractive index of laser beam can change according to the wavelength of laser beam, thereby therefore the focal position of laser beam changes.Have in first laser beam under the situation of the wavelength shorter than second laser beam, first laser beam has bigger refractive index than second laser beam, and first laser beam is bigger than the second laser beam extent of refraction, thereby first laser beam focuses on the top surface of mother substrate assembly.
Thereby the focus that focuses on the laser beam on the mother substrate assembly moves cutting mother substrate assembly S33.Thereby substrate dividing apparatus moves the focus cutting mother substrate assembly of laser beam at both direction at least.By one or two and moving focal point in mobile laser beam and the mother substrate assembly.
The laser beam that focuses on by substrate dividing apparatus on two diverse locations of mother substrate assembly moves along the first direction that is basically parallel to mother substrate assembly one side from focus, i.e. vertically moving along the mother substrate assembly.Then, laser beam moves along the second direction that is basically parallel to mother substrate assembly opposite side from focus, and this opposite side is basically perpendicular to a described side of mother substrate, for example along horizontal.
As mentioned above, first and second laser beam with different wave length can be used as laser beam.First and second laser beam focus on the top surface and the basal surface of mother substrate assembly simultaneously, are used for cutting simultaneously the top surface and the basal surface of mother substrate assembly then.Though it is at first to cut in the focus that first direction moves laser beam by the method that illustrates that this one exemplary embodiment illustrates the mother substrate assembly, but the invention is not restricted to this, and can be applied at first to move laser beam foucing or to move the situation of laser beam foucing simultaneously in first and second directions in second direction.The mother substrate assembly can be cut into scheduled unit, for example liquid crystal cells.Can further carry out cutting technique to the mother substrate assembly that is cut into liquid crystal cells.Make the predetermined portions of filter substrate be cut to expose the presumptive area of TFT substrate thereby for example can carry out cutting technique to the mother substrate assembly, this is corresponding to for the presumptive area that exposes the TFT substrate with adhere to the cutting technique that the accessory module of gate drivers and data driver is for example carried out to liquid crystal cells.For this reason, as mentioned above, can use to have the different wavelength of laser bundle.In addition, the filter substrate cutting technique can carry out before the technology of cutting mother substrate assembly, promptly carried out after TFT mother substrate and color filter mother substrate are assembled each other.
To method for dividing substrate that use laser beam and the substrate dividing apparatus that uses this method for dividing substrate be described referring to figs. 3 to 6.The liquid crystal panel of making among the liquid crystal cell process S30 and other modules are assembled in module process S40, therefore finish LCD.
Though described the LCD manufacture method by the method for example, but the invention is not restricted to this, and should be understood that and it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that and to carry out many changes and improvements and non-essence breaks away from principle of the present invention to preferred embodiment described here.
After this, will substrate dividing apparatus and the method for dividing substrate that use above-mentioned laser beam be described in more detail referring to figs. 3 to 6.
Fig. 3 is the synoptic diagram according to the substrate dividing apparatus of the embodiment of the invention, and Fig. 4 is the sectional view of condenser lens shown in Figure 3.
With reference to figure 3, substrate dividing apparatus 300 comprises laser beam generation unit 310 and laser beam focusing unit 320.
Laser beam generation unit 310 comprises that first laser beam produces body 311 and second laser beam produces body 312.Laser beam focusing unit 320 can comprise optically focused part 321, catoptron 323 and 325, condenser lens 327 and focus adjustment unit 330.
First and second laser beam produce body 311 and 312 and produce first and second laser beam 251 and 252 with different wave length respectively.First and second laser beam 251 and 252 can be for example to have the short wavelength laser beam that shows good absorption for glass substrate.
First laser beam 251 and second laser beam 252 can be Nd:YAG laser beam for example.First laser beam 251 can have about 260 to the interior wavelength of about 270nm scope, and second laser beam 252 can have the wavelength that arrives in about 360nm scope about 350.Similarly, first laser beam 251 and second laser beam 252 can be femtosecond (femto-second) laser beam for example.The wavelength of first laser beam 251 arrives in about 450nm scope about 350, and the wavelength of second laser beam 252 arrives in about 850nm scope about 750.When the wavelength of first laser beam 251 was shorter than second laser beam 252, first laser beam 251 had the refractive index higher than second laser beam 252.Therefore, focal distance ratio second laser beam 252 of first laser beam 251 is short.
Each first and second laser beam produces body 311 and 312 also can comprise light valve (shutter) (not shown) that is used to improve first and second laser beam 251 and 252 density or efficient, and the beam expander (not shown) that is used to expand the width of each first and second laser beam 251 and 252.
Laser beam focusing unit 320 comprises first and second catoptrons 323 and 325, optically focused part 321, condenser lens 327 and focus adjustment unit 330.Second catoptron 325 guides laser beam 250 towards condenser lens 327.Optically focused part 321 is gathered into a laser beam 250 with first and second laser beam 251 and 252.Condenser lens 327 focuses on the laser beam 250 of assembling on the machining cell.The focus that focus adjustment unit 330 is regulated condenser lens 327.
First catoptron 323 changes the direction that produces second laser beam 252 of body 312 receptions from second laser beam, and second laser beam 252 is sent to optically focused part 321.First catoptron 323 can have predetermined material and be coated in its surface.First catoptron 323 guides second laser beam 252 towards optically focused part 321, thereby second laser beam 252 is sent to optically focused part 321.
Optically focused part 321 produces body 311 and second laser beam generation body, 312 reception first laser beam 251 and second laser beam 252 from first laser beam respectively by first catoptron 323, and first and second laser beam 251 and 252 are gathered in the laser beam 250.
Second catoptron 325 changes the direction of the laser beam 250 of passing optically focused part 321, thereby it is guided to condenser lens 327.Second catoptron 325 can be by being designed to only transmit the laser beam with expectation wavelength at its surface-coated predetermined material.In alternative embodiment, second catoptron 325 can have the pin hole that is formed on wherein.
Condenser lens 327 focusing are passed through the laser beam 250 of second catoptron, 325 transmission to machining cell.Here, condenser lens 327 focuses on first and second laser beam 251 and 252 same positions to machining cell with different wave length.
To condenser lens 327 be described with reference to figure 4.With reference to figure 4, condenser lens 327 has bossing.Condenser lens 327 focuses on first and second laser beam 251 and 252 same positions to machining cell with different wave length.Short wavelength's first laser beam 251 has big relatively refractive index relatively, and it passes condenser lens 327 and focuses on relatively near condenser lens 327, for example at the machining cell top surface.Contrast, because long wavelength's second laser beam 252 has relatively little refractive index relatively, it passes condenser lens 327 and focuses on far relatively from condenser lens 327, for example at the machining cell basal surface.First laser beam 251 and second laser beam 252 can focus on the same position of machining cell, promptly at the same position perpendicular to machining cell.Condenser lens 327 can be a plano-convex lens for example.Machining cell can be the mother substrate assembly.
With reference to figure 3, substrate dividing apparatus 300 can also comprise focus adjustment unit 330.This focus adjustment unit 330 uses predetermined control signal CONT to regulate the position of condenser lens 327, so controls the focus of first and second laser beam 251 and 252.Focus adjustment unit 330 can comprise sensor 332 and regulate part 331.
Sensor 332 receives from machining cell first and second laser beam 251 and 252 of mother substrate assembly reflection for example, to produce predetermined control signal CONT.When the focus in first and second laser beam 251 and 252 changed owing to mother substrate assembly surface flatness difference, when perhaps cutting equipment or mother substrate assembly moved in substrate cut technology, sensor 332 produced control signal CONT.Control signal CONT is used to read first and second laser beam 251 and 252 from the reflection of mother substrate assembly, and regulates the position of condenser lens 327 according to the result who reads.Sensor 332 can be the light receiving unit of first and second laser beam 251 and 252, for example photodiode.
The focus of part 331 according to the control signal CONT up-down adjustment condenser lens 327 that provides from sensor 332 is provided.Therefore, in cutting technique, shine first and second laser beam 251 on the mother substrate assembly and 252 focus and can remain on same position about the mother substrate assembly.After this, will describe the method for dividing substrate that uses substrate dividing apparatus in detail with reference to figure 5A and 6.
Fig. 5 A and 5B illustrate the processing step of the method for using substrate dividing apparatus cutting substrate shown in Figure 3, and Fig. 6 is the sectional view that the line VI-VI ' along Fig. 5 A and 5B is got.
With reference to figure 5A, the method for dividing substrate of mother substrate assembly 100 carries out to mother substrate assembly 100 by focusing on the laser beam 250 that is produced by substrate dividing apparatus 300.
The laser beam 250 that provides from substrate dividing apparatus 300 focuses on the position on the mother substrate assembly 100, and mother substrate assembly 100 is cut when repeating to move processing bundle 250 preset distances.The laser beam 250 that focuses on the mother substrate assembly 100 moves at first direction, is for example vertically moving, and is basically parallel to first side of mother substrate assembly 100.Therefore, the mother substrate assembly is cut along first direction.
Laser beam 250 can comprise at least two laser beam with different wave length, for example first and second laser beam.In two laser beam, the laser beam with shorter wavelength for example first laser beam can focus on the top surface of mother substrate assembly 100, and the laser beam with longer wavelength for example second laser beam can focus on the basal surface of mother substrate assembly 100.The basal surface of mother substrate assembly 100 separates with top surface on its vertical line.This is because the refractive index that laser beam has can change according to laser beam wavelength, thereby therefore the focal position of laser beam changes.Have in first laser beam under the situation of the wavelength shorter than second laser beam, it has the refractive index higher than second laser beam.Therefore, first laser beam focuses on the top surface of mother substrate assembly.
To describe first and second laser beam 250 that focus on the mother substrate assembly in detail with reference to figure 6.With reference to figure 6, the laser beam 250 that provides from mother substrate assembly 100 is to have different wavelength of laser bundle for example first and second laser beam 251 and 252 combination, and they focus on the top surface and basal surface of mother substrate assembly 100 simultaneously.First laser beam 251 has the wavelength than second laser beam, 252 weak points.Therefore, first laser beam 251 focuses on the top surface of mother substrate assembly 100, and second laser beam 252 with wavelength longer than first laser beam 251 focuses on the basal surface of mother substrate assembly 100.First laser beam 251 and second laser beam 252 can focus on the same position of the mother substrate assembly 100 on the vertical line that is positioned at mother substrate assembly 100.Point on point on the top surface of the mother substrate assembly 100 of first laser beam, 251 focusing place and the basal surface at the mother substrate assembly 100 of second laser beam, 252 focusing place is separated from each other on the vertical line of mother substrate assembly 100.
First and second laser beam 251 and 252 can for example be Nd:YAG laser beam or femtosecond laser beam.In addition, though by having two laser beam, the example that promptly focuses on first and second laser beam on the mother substrate assembly illustrates one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, but the invention is not restricted to this, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that a plurality of laser can focus on top surface and the basal surface and the inside of mother substrate assembly.
As mentioned above, mother substrate assembly 100 comprises the TFT mother substrate (not shown) with a plurality of TFT substrates and has the color filter mother substrate (not shown) of a plurality of filter substrates.Mother substrate assembly 100 can have the alignment mark that the mother substrate of assembling is cut into liquid crystal cells.
In the foregoing description, with reference to figure 5A and Fig. 6 mother substrate assembly 100 being shown is cut along first direction.In being described below, will be with reference to the method for figure 5B more detailed description along second direction cutting mother substrate assembly 100.
, cut the method for mother substrate assembly 100 along the second direction of mother substrate assembly 100 and also carry out to mother substrate assembly 100 from the laser beam 250 of substrate dividing apparatus 300 to Fig. 6 with reference to figure 5B by focusing on.
In the state of aiming at along the mother substrate assembly 100 of first direction cutting, mother substrate assembly 100 is cut along second direction.Substrate dividing apparatus 300 focuses on quilt laser beam 250 along the position on mother substrate assembly 100 top surfaces of second direction cutting, and laser beam 250 moved along the second direction that is basically parallel to mother substrate assembly 100 opposite sides, for example along mother substrate assembly 100 laterally.Therefore, mother substrate assembly 100 is cut along second direction.
Laser beam can be at least two laser beam with different wave length, first and second laser beam 251 and 252 for example, as shown in Figure 6.
Mother substrate assembly 100 is cut into liquid crystal cells by the technology shown in Fig. 5 A and the 5B.
As mentioned above, has following advantage at least according to method for dividing substrate of the present invention and equipment.Owing to use at least two laser beam from upper and lower surface while cutting substrate, can suppress chip or crackle with different wave length.
When using the cut substrate, do not need to carry out subsequent technique, therefore for example edge polishing, cleaning procedure etc. have reduced processing step and have improved manufacturing efficient.
In addition, owing to do not need substrate is carried out the physics cutting, so can reduce the damage of substrate, damaged substrate for example takes place.
It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that and to carry out many changes and improvements and non-essence breaks away from principle of the present invention to preferred embodiment.Therefore, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are to use on general and descriptive meaning, rather than the purpose in order to limit.