CA1183654A - Voice button prosthesis and method for installing same - Google Patents
Voice button prosthesis and method for installing sameInfo
- Publication number
- CA1183654A CA1183654A CA000378905A CA378905A CA1183654A CA 1183654 A CA1183654 A CA 1183654A CA 000378905 A CA000378905 A CA 000378905A CA 378905 A CA378905 A CA 378905A CA 1183654 A CA1183654 A CA 1183654A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- tube
- trachea
- fistula
- esophagus
- patient
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/20—Epiglottis; Larynxes; Tracheae combined with larynxes or for use therewith
- A61F2/203—Epiglottis; Larynxes; Tracheae combined with larynxes or for use therewith comprising an air passage from trachea to oesophagus or to pharynx; Artificial epiglottis
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The voice button prosthesis of the present invention is used for a patient having his larynx removed and having the upper end of his trachea opening through a stoma to the atmosphere. A small opening or fistula is surgically made in the rear of the trachea and in the forward wall of the esophagus so as to provide communication between the interior of the trachea and the interior of the esophagus.
The prosthesis comprises an elongated tube adapted to be inserted into the fistula. The tube has a pair of spaced apart flanges adapted to engage the opposite ends of the fistula so as to hold the tube in place. A one way valve is provided in the rearward end of the tube for permitting air to pass from the trachea into the esophagus, and for preventing fluid from passing from the esophagus into the trachea.
The voice button prosthesis of the present invention is used for a patient having his larynx removed and having the upper end of his trachea opening through a stoma to the atmosphere. A small opening or fistula is surgically made in the rear of the trachea and in the forward wall of the esophagus so as to provide communication between the interior of the trachea and the interior of the esophagus.
The prosthesis comprises an elongated tube adapted to be inserted into the fistula. The tube has a pair of spaced apart flanges adapted to engage the opposite ends of the fistula so as to hold the tube in place. A one way valve is provided in the rearward end of the tube for permitting air to pass from the trachea into the esophagus, and for preventing fluid from passing from the esophagus into the trachea.
Description
365~
BACKG~OUND OF Tll~ INvENTIor~.
_ _ . __ This invention relates to a voice hutton prosthesis for a patient hav;ng his larynx removed.
Many people have their larynx su~gically removed as the result of cancer or trauma~ Numerous sophisticated 5 ; operations and devices have been devised to restore the ! voice in the laryn~ectomee patient, but these operations are often expensive, require ~ajor surgery, and often have a high rate of failure. --It has been found that a voice box or larynx is not essential for speech. The ability of the laryngectomee patient to speak has been restored by surgically providing an opening or fistula between the trachea (windpipe) and ¦ the esophayus. The patient can manually close the open upper end or stoma of the trachea, and force air from 1~ his lungs through the fistula into the esophagus and upwardly through his rnouth. With training, the patient can learn to form words by this process.
¦ However, several disadvantages have been encountered with respect to the above method oE restorinc3 speech.
~C The making of an opening between the trachea and the esophagus requires extensive surgery to insure that the opening will stay open and will not close after surgery.
Therefore, a general anesthetic is usually used, and the l operation is quite expensive.
BACKG~OUND OF Tll~ INvENTIor~.
_ _ . __ This invention relates to a voice hutton prosthesis for a patient hav;ng his larynx removed.
Many people have their larynx su~gically removed as the result of cancer or trauma~ Numerous sophisticated 5 ; operations and devices have been devised to restore the ! voice in the laryn~ectomee patient, but these operations are often expensive, require ~ajor surgery, and often have a high rate of failure. --It has been found that a voice box or larynx is not essential for speech. The ability of the laryngectomee patient to speak has been restored by surgically providing an opening or fistula between the trachea (windpipe) and ¦ the esophayus. The patient can manually close the open upper end or stoma of the trachea, and force air from 1~ his lungs through the fistula into the esophagus and upwardly through his rnouth. With training, the patient can learn to form words by this process.
¦ However, several disadvantages have been encountered with respect to the above method oE restorinc3 speech.
~C The making of an opening between the trachea and the esophagus requires extensive surgery to insure that the opening will stay open and will not close after surgery.
Therefore, a general anesthetic is usually used, and the l operation is quite expensive.
2 ¦ After the fistula has been made, the patient must have extensive training in order to learn to speak with the above method. The speech requires a hiccupin~ type action, and at best the speech is of poor quality.
~ _~_ Another disadvantage of the above method is that fluid from the esophagus may enter the trachea through the fistula which has been formed therebetween. Thus, when the patient coughs, or eats, or drinks, there is a problem with fluid or food entering the trachea and causing choking.
There is a high rate of failure ~inability of the patient to swallow without aspiration) with the above opera-tion. In such a case, the above method requires additional surgery in order to close the opening. Therefore, the above method is an expensive and cumbersome procedure, and provides unsatisfactory results.
Certain devices have been provided for inserting into the fistula so as to minimize the tendency of the fistula to close. However, these devices are different to insert, and the patient is never confident that the device has been inserted to the proper position. Furthermore, some of these devices do not provide satisfactory means for prevent-ing the entry of fluid from the esophagus into the trachea.
Many of these devices become dis].odged during coughing or movement of the patient. To solve this problem, glue has been applied to the patient's neck in order to secure the prosthesis in place but some patients have had allergic reactions to the glue.
Therefore, a primar~ object of the present invention is the provision of an improved voice button prosthesis.
A further object of the present invention is the provision of a device which minimizes fluid entry into the txachea with resultant coughing or choking.
X
~ _~_ Another disadvantage of the above method is that fluid from the esophagus may enter the trachea through the fistula which has been formed therebetween. Thus, when the patient coughs, or eats, or drinks, there is a problem with fluid or food entering the trachea and causing choking.
There is a high rate of failure ~inability of the patient to swallow without aspiration) with the above opera-tion. In such a case, the above method requires additional surgery in order to close the opening. Therefore, the above method is an expensive and cumbersome procedure, and provides unsatisfactory results.
Certain devices have been provided for inserting into the fistula so as to minimize the tendency of the fistula to close. However, these devices are different to insert, and the patient is never confident that the device has been inserted to the proper position. Furthermore, some of these devices do not provide satisfactory means for prevent-ing the entry of fluid from the esophagus into the trachea.
Many of these devices become dis].odged during coughing or movement of the patient. To solve this problem, glue has been applied to the patient's neck in order to secure the prosthesis in place but some patients have had allergic reactions to the glue.
Therefore, a primar~ object of the present invention is the provision of an improved voice button prosthesis.
A further object of the present invention is the provision of a device which minimizes fluid entry into the txachea with resultant coughing or choking.
X
- 3 A further object of the present invention is ~he pro-vision of a device which can be installed with minor surgery in a doctor's office, requiring only a local anesthetic.
A further object of the present invention is the pro-vision of a device which minimizes the tendency of thefistula to close.
A further object of the present invention is the pro-vision of a device which enables the patient to speak with little or no training.
A further object of the present invention is the pro-vision of a device which improves the quality of the voice with which the patient can speak.
A further object of the present invention is the pro-vision of a device which is simple to remove and can be removed and cleaned by the patient at will.
~ further object of the present inven-tion is the pro-vision of a device which is made of non-irritating material.
A further object of the present invention is the pro-vision o~ a device which stays in place even duriny move-ment, coughing or swallowiny of the patient.
A further object of the present invention is the pro-vision of a device which can be inserted by the patient himself so that the patient is confident of its proper positioning.
~5 -- a, _ X
s~
A further object of the present invention is the pro vision of a device that needs no material to affix the prosthesis to the person, thereby eliminating the possibility of an allergic or irritative reaction as well as the added inconvenience to the patient.
A further object of the present invention is the pro-vision of a device which is inexpensive and requires less expensive surgical preparation.
A further object of the present invention is the pro-vision of a device wich is economical to manufacture, durable in use, and efficient in operation.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a partial sectional view of a patient who has had a laryngectomee.
Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of Figure 1 show-ing a fistula which has been surgically provided between the trachea and the esophagus.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the device of the present invention and the tool for inserting same.
Figure 4 i9 a view similar to Figure 2, showing the method of inserting the device into the fistulaO
Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 4 showing the device in place.
Figure 6 is an end view of the device.
Figure 7 is an end view taken along line 7-7 of Figure 6.
Figure 8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 of Figure 2.
3~5~
DETAILED DESC~IPTION OF TH~ IN~ENTION
Referring to Figure 1, the numeral 10 generally desig-nates a patient having a laryngectomee. The patientls trachea 12 has an open upper end or stoma 14 which opens to the front of the patient's neck. The patient's larynx and epiglottis have been remov~d and the trachea 12 is completely out of communication with the patient's esophagus 16. The numeral 18 designates the patient's spinal column, the numeral 20 designates the patient's tongue, and the numeral 22 designates the patient's mouth.
The device of the present invention is shown in Fiyures 3 and 7 and is designated generally by the numeral 24. A
tool 26 is used to insert the device. Device 24 comprises an elongated tube 28 having a tracheal flange 30 and an esophageal flange 32 extending radially outwardly from the 1~ outer surface thereof. Tube 28 has a forward end 34 and a rearward end 36. Rearward end 36 has a nose-shape formed by four lips 38, 40, 42, 44 ~Figure 6). These lips form a one way valve which is capable of permittiny air to pass through a central bore 46 from forward end 34 towards rear-ward end 36. Lips 38, 40, 42, ~4 are adapted to spread in response to air pressure from within bore 46, but are also adapted to prevent fluid from entering into bore 36 from the outside of rearward end 36.
6S~
A thread 4~ is looped around tube 28 between ~langes 30, 32, and includes a pair of free ends 50, 52 which may be of any desired length for grasping by the patient to remove the device 24 for cleaning.
Tool 26 includes a wire handle 54 and a wire stem 56.
Fitted over wire stem 56 is a rubber sleeve 58 having a rearwardly presented shoulder 60 at its end. Shoulder 60 is spaced inwardly from the distal end of wire stem 56.
Thus, tube 28 can be fitted on the exposed distal end of wire stem 56 for insertion by the patient. The tool 54 can be released from device 24 merely by withdrawing wire stem 56 from the interior of tube 28.
The surgical preparation of the patient for the insertion of device 24 is shown in Figures 2, 4, 5 and 8.
The surgeon makes a linear incision in the rearward wall of trachea 14, the incision being approximately 7 mm.
long. The incision is made sufficiently deep to provide communication from the interior of trachea 14 to the interior of esophagus 16. Trachea 14 and esophagus 16 are separated by a layer of tissue 62 which is primarily muscle tissue. Trachea 14 is lined with a skin layer referred to as mucosa, which is designated by the numeral 64. Similarly, the esophagus 16 is lined with a mucosa 66.
The physician cauterizes the exposed muscle tissue 62 with electrical current or other conventional surgical pro-cedures. After cauterization, the surgeon attaches the muscosa 64 to the mucosa 66 by means of stitching generally designated by ~ - 7 _ the numeral 68, so as to provide a mucosa linin~ for the entire interlor of the openiny which has been s~rgically ¦¦ formed and which is referred to as a ~racheo-esophageal ! ~istula 70.
l The surgical procedure for ~ormin~ fistula 70 is 5 1 simple and can be completed in a doctor's office with l local anesthetic. The stitchin~ 68 provides mucosal lining ¦ to the interior of istula 70 so that no "raw tissue" is exposed.
1, After fistula 70 has been formed, the patient is ready lO¦ for insertion of prosthesis 24. Device 24 is mounted on the ¦ free end of wire stem 56 of tool 26. The patient then grasps ¦¦ handle 5~ and inserts device 24 into the trachea 12, through ¦ stoma 14, as is shown in Figure 4. Rearward end 36 of device 1~ 24 is inserted into fistula 70 and by means of tool 26 the patient forces device 24 into fistula 70 until it reaches Il the position shown in Figure 5. In this position, rearward ¦l end 36 an~ esophageal flange 32 are both completely within esophagus 16. Flan~e 32 fits against the mucosa surrounding 2C l fistula 70 so as to provide a seal thereagainst. Flange 30 is completely within trachea 12 and Eits in sealing enyac3ement against the rnucosa around the esopha(3eal end o~ ~istula 70.
Threads 50, 52 trail outwclrdly throuyh stoma 14 where they may be grasped by the patient to remove devicé 24 when 2c j desired.
In practice it has been Eound that the patient can readily tell when device 24 is in the proper position shown in Figure 5. At this time, tool 54 is withdrawn, and the device is completely in place.
.~
... 1~
Il .
When the patient desires to speak, he places his finger or thumb over stoma 14 and forces air upwardly through his trachea 12 in conventional exhaling f~shion. The air enters l bore ~6 of device 24 and ~orce~; parti~l separation of lips sl 42~ 44, 46 as is shown in Figure 5 so that the air can ~¦ continue to pass through devlce 24 into esophagus 16. The ! air continues to be forced up~7ardly through the mouth of the patient. It has been fo~nd that the patient can form I words and speak with little or no training by forcing air 1~ upwardly through his esopha~us in this fashion. Furthermore, the quality oE the speech very closely approximates the quality of speech with the normal larynx. The primary discernable difference is that the patient's voice sounds Il somewhat hoarse, similar to the way a normal voice would 1 sound during a cold or during laryngitis. Patients have been found to be able to speak in this manner almost immedia-! tely after first inserting device 24. This is to be i contrasted with other prior devices and methods whereby extensive training was required in order to teach the person 2 to speak.
The lips 38, 40, 42, 44 provide a one way valve m~ans which permits air to ~ass Erom the trachea into the esophagus, but which prevents food, water, or other materials to pass ¦ from the esophagus into the trachea. In prior devices, a 2 ~ c~mmon problem was couyhing or choking which occurred when -I the patient ate or drank. Eating and drinking often causedforeign materials to pass into the patient's trachea, thereby causing coughin~ or chokin~.
.9_ 36~
The device can be inserted easily by the patient, and can be removed merely by c~raspin~ thread 5~-52 an~ removing the device from the fistula 70.
Flan~3es 30, 32 hold the ~evice i~ place, and the patient soon acquires ~ confidence tha~ the device will stay in 51 place and will not become dislodc3ed durinc3 moving, coughin~, swallowing, or drinkin~.
!l Other si~nificant advan~ages of this prosthesis are I that it is self-contained within the trachea and is simple Il to remove or insert. It also requires a minimum of 1, maintenance, and the patient can easily remove the device to clean it or replace ito The device is preferably made ¦ of silicone which is a non~irritatincJ material. The device ¦ does not dislodc3e from the opening with swallowing, coughing, 1~ or normal head and body movements, and the patient quickly becomes confident of prosthetic position once insertion into the tracheal incision is complete. The device is inexpensive I to insert, and is inexpensive to replace. Minimal speech ¦I training is needed in order for the ~atient to speak clearly, 2 and the quality of the speech is superior to that attained with C prior devices. I'he problems previously encountered with former fistulas tending to close after beinc3 formecl is not present in the present procedure because the c3evice remains inserted l within the fistula, thereby preventincJ closure. Thus~ it can 2~ be seen that the devic~ accomplishes at least all of its stated objectives.
A further object of the present invention is the pro-vision of a device which minimizes the tendency of thefistula to close.
A further object of the present invention is the pro-vision of a device which enables the patient to speak with little or no training.
A further object of the present invention is the pro-vision of a device which improves the quality of the voice with which the patient can speak.
A further object of the present invention is the pro-vision of a device which is simple to remove and can be removed and cleaned by the patient at will.
~ further object of the present inven-tion is the pro-vision of a device which is made of non-irritating material.
A further object of the present invention is the pro-vision o~ a device which stays in place even duriny move-ment, coughing or swallowiny of the patient.
A further object of the present invention is the pro-vision of a device which can be inserted by the patient himself so that the patient is confident of its proper positioning.
~5 -- a, _ X
s~
A further object of the present invention is the pro vision of a device that needs no material to affix the prosthesis to the person, thereby eliminating the possibility of an allergic or irritative reaction as well as the added inconvenience to the patient.
A further object of the present invention is the pro-vision of a device which is inexpensive and requires less expensive surgical preparation.
A further object of the present invention is the pro-vision of a device wich is economical to manufacture, durable in use, and efficient in operation.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a partial sectional view of a patient who has had a laryngectomee.
Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of Figure 1 show-ing a fistula which has been surgically provided between the trachea and the esophagus.
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the device of the present invention and the tool for inserting same.
Figure 4 i9 a view similar to Figure 2, showing the method of inserting the device into the fistulaO
Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 4 showing the device in place.
Figure 6 is an end view of the device.
Figure 7 is an end view taken along line 7-7 of Figure 6.
Figure 8 is a sectional view taken along line 8-8 of Figure 2.
3~5~
DETAILED DESC~IPTION OF TH~ IN~ENTION
Referring to Figure 1, the numeral 10 generally desig-nates a patient having a laryngectomee. The patientls trachea 12 has an open upper end or stoma 14 which opens to the front of the patient's neck. The patient's larynx and epiglottis have been remov~d and the trachea 12 is completely out of communication with the patient's esophagus 16. The numeral 18 designates the patient's spinal column, the numeral 20 designates the patient's tongue, and the numeral 22 designates the patient's mouth.
The device of the present invention is shown in Fiyures 3 and 7 and is designated generally by the numeral 24. A
tool 26 is used to insert the device. Device 24 comprises an elongated tube 28 having a tracheal flange 30 and an esophageal flange 32 extending radially outwardly from the 1~ outer surface thereof. Tube 28 has a forward end 34 and a rearward end 36. Rearward end 36 has a nose-shape formed by four lips 38, 40, 42, 44 ~Figure 6). These lips form a one way valve which is capable of permittiny air to pass through a central bore 46 from forward end 34 towards rear-ward end 36. Lips 38, 40, 42, ~4 are adapted to spread in response to air pressure from within bore 46, but are also adapted to prevent fluid from entering into bore 36 from the outside of rearward end 36.
6S~
A thread 4~ is looped around tube 28 between ~langes 30, 32, and includes a pair of free ends 50, 52 which may be of any desired length for grasping by the patient to remove the device 24 for cleaning.
Tool 26 includes a wire handle 54 and a wire stem 56.
Fitted over wire stem 56 is a rubber sleeve 58 having a rearwardly presented shoulder 60 at its end. Shoulder 60 is spaced inwardly from the distal end of wire stem 56.
Thus, tube 28 can be fitted on the exposed distal end of wire stem 56 for insertion by the patient. The tool 54 can be released from device 24 merely by withdrawing wire stem 56 from the interior of tube 28.
The surgical preparation of the patient for the insertion of device 24 is shown in Figures 2, 4, 5 and 8.
The surgeon makes a linear incision in the rearward wall of trachea 14, the incision being approximately 7 mm.
long. The incision is made sufficiently deep to provide communication from the interior of trachea 14 to the interior of esophagus 16. Trachea 14 and esophagus 16 are separated by a layer of tissue 62 which is primarily muscle tissue. Trachea 14 is lined with a skin layer referred to as mucosa, which is designated by the numeral 64. Similarly, the esophagus 16 is lined with a mucosa 66.
The physician cauterizes the exposed muscle tissue 62 with electrical current or other conventional surgical pro-cedures. After cauterization, the surgeon attaches the muscosa 64 to the mucosa 66 by means of stitching generally designated by ~ - 7 _ the numeral 68, so as to provide a mucosa linin~ for the entire interlor of the openiny which has been s~rgically ¦¦ formed and which is referred to as a ~racheo-esophageal ! ~istula 70.
l The surgical procedure for ~ormin~ fistula 70 is 5 1 simple and can be completed in a doctor's office with l local anesthetic. The stitchin~ 68 provides mucosal lining ¦ to the interior of istula 70 so that no "raw tissue" is exposed.
1, After fistula 70 has been formed, the patient is ready lO¦ for insertion of prosthesis 24. Device 24 is mounted on the ¦ free end of wire stem 56 of tool 26. The patient then grasps ¦¦ handle 5~ and inserts device 24 into the trachea 12, through ¦ stoma 14, as is shown in Figure 4. Rearward end 36 of device 1~ 24 is inserted into fistula 70 and by means of tool 26 the patient forces device 24 into fistula 70 until it reaches Il the position shown in Figure 5. In this position, rearward ¦l end 36 an~ esophageal flange 32 are both completely within esophagus 16. Flan~e 32 fits against the mucosa surrounding 2C l fistula 70 so as to provide a seal thereagainst. Flange 30 is completely within trachea 12 and Eits in sealing enyac3ement against the rnucosa around the esopha(3eal end o~ ~istula 70.
Threads 50, 52 trail outwclrdly throuyh stoma 14 where they may be grasped by the patient to remove devicé 24 when 2c j desired.
In practice it has been Eound that the patient can readily tell when device 24 is in the proper position shown in Figure 5. At this time, tool 54 is withdrawn, and the device is completely in place.
.~
... 1~
Il .
When the patient desires to speak, he places his finger or thumb over stoma 14 and forces air upwardly through his trachea 12 in conventional exhaling f~shion. The air enters l bore ~6 of device 24 and ~orce~; parti~l separation of lips sl 42~ 44, 46 as is shown in Figure 5 so that the air can ~¦ continue to pass through devlce 24 into esophagus 16. The ! air continues to be forced up~7ardly through the mouth of the patient. It has been fo~nd that the patient can form I words and speak with little or no training by forcing air 1~ upwardly through his esopha~us in this fashion. Furthermore, the quality oE the speech very closely approximates the quality of speech with the normal larynx. The primary discernable difference is that the patient's voice sounds Il somewhat hoarse, similar to the way a normal voice would 1 sound during a cold or during laryngitis. Patients have been found to be able to speak in this manner almost immedia-! tely after first inserting device 24. This is to be i contrasted with other prior devices and methods whereby extensive training was required in order to teach the person 2 to speak.
The lips 38, 40, 42, 44 provide a one way valve m~ans which permits air to ~ass Erom the trachea into the esophagus, but which prevents food, water, or other materials to pass ¦ from the esophagus into the trachea. In prior devices, a 2 ~ c~mmon problem was couyhing or choking which occurred when -I the patient ate or drank. Eating and drinking often causedforeign materials to pass into the patient's trachea, thereby causing coughin~ or chokin~.
.9_ 36~
The device can be inserted easily by the patient, and can be removed merely by c~raspin~ thread 5~-52 an~ removing the device from the fistula 70.
Flan~3es 30, 32 hold the ~evice i~ place, and the patient soon acquires ~ confidence tha~ the device will stay in 51 place and will not become dislodc3ed durinc3 moving, coughin~, swallowing, or drinkin~.
!l Other si~nificant advan~ages of this prosthesis are I that it is self-contained within the trachea and is simple Il to remove or insert. It also requires a minimum of 1, maintenance, and the patient can easily remove the device to clean it or replace ito The device is preferably made ¦ of silicone which is a non~irritatincJ material. The device ¦ does not dislodc3e from the opening with swallowing, coughing, 1~ or normal head and body movements, and the patient quickly becomes confident of prosthetic position once insertion into the tracheal incision is complete. The device is inexpensive I to insert, and is inexpensive to replace. Minimal speech ¦I training is needed in order for the ~atient to speak clearly, 2 and the quality of the speech is superior to that attained with C prior devices. I'he problems previously encountered with former fistulas tending to close after beinc3 formecl is not present in the present procedure because the c3evice remains inserted l within the fistula, thereby preventincJ closure. Thus~ it can 2~ be seen that the devic~ accomplishes at least all of its stated objectives.
Claims
The embodiments of the invention in which an exclusive property or privilege is claimed are defined as follows:
1.
A voice button prosthesis for a patient having his larynx removed, said patient having the upper end of his trachea opening through a stoma to the atmosphere through the forward portion of his neck, the patient's esophagus being located behind said trachea, the walls of said trachea and esophagus being separated by a layer of tissue, a tracheo-esophageal fistula being surgically provided through the rear wall of said trachea to provide commu-nication therebetween, said prosthesis comprising:
an elongated tube having an axial forward end and an axial rearward end, said tube being sized to fit within and extend through said fistula with said rearward end in communication with the interior of said esophagus;
a one way valve means being formed at said rearward end of said tube for permitting air to pass through said tube from said trachea to said esophagus while at the same time preventing passage of fluid from said esophagus into said rearward end of said tube;
an annular esophageal flange extending around the outer radial surface of said tube adjacent said valve means and extending radially outwardly thereform to an outer circumferential edge greater in size than the size of said fistula;
an annular tracheal flange extending radially outwardly from said outer surface of said tube and being spaced axially forwardly from said esophageal flange;
said esophageal flange being sufficiently flexible to by deformed for insertion through said fistula and for resuming its original shape once inside said esophagus so as to form a sealing engagement with the wall of said esophagus around said fistula;
said axial spacing between said tracheal and esophageal flanges being such that said tracheal flange will seal-ingly engage the interior wall of said trachea around said fistula when said esophageal flange is within said esophagus.
2.
A voice button prosthesis according to claim 1 wherein said valve means comprises a flexible nose closing off said rearward end of said tube, said nose having at least one slit therein forming at least two mating flaps which are normally closed against one another and which are yieldably movable apart from one another in response to air pressure from said trachea toward said esophagus.
3.
A voice button prosthesis according to claim 2 wherein at least two intersecting slits are formed in said nose so as to form at least four flaps.
A voice button prosthesis according to claim 1 wherein a thread is operably secured to said tube and is sufficiently long to extend outwardly through said stoma for grasping by the patient.
5.
A method for installing a voice button prosthesis for a patient having his larynx removed and having a tracheo-esophageal fistula communicating between the patient's trachea which is open through a stoma to the atmosphere through -the forward portion of his neck and the patient's esophagus located behind the trachea, said prosthesis com-prising an elongated tube having a forward end and a rear-ward end, a traceal flange and an esophageal flange extend-ing radially outwardly from said tube and being axially spaced from one another, and one way valve means at said rearward end of said tube for permitting air to exit rear-wardly from said tube while at the same time preventing fluid from entering said rearward end of said tube, said method comprising:
inserting said tube through said fistula to a position wherein said esophageal flange and said valve means are within said esophagus and said tracheal flange is within said trachea.
6.
A method according to claim 5 wherein said insertion of said tube is accomplished by placing said tube on one end of an elongated tool, manually inserting said one end of said elongated tool through said toma into said trachea while grasping the other end of said tool outside said trachea, pushing said tube into said fistula with said tool until said valve means and said esophageal flange are within said esophagus, disengaging said tool from said tube and removing said tool from said trachea.
7.
A method according to claim 6 comprising removing said tube from said fistula by grasping threads attached to said tube and extending out through said stoma, said removal being accomplished by manually pulling on said threads to remove said tube from said fistula and outwardly through said stoma.
8.
A voice button prosthesis for a patient having his larynx removed, said patient having the upper end of his trachea opening through a stoma to the atmosphere through the forward portion of his neck, the patient's esophagus being located behind said trachea, a tracheo-esophageal fistula of predetermined diameter and axial length being surgically provided through the walls of said trachea and said esophagus to provide communication therebetween, said prosthesis comprising:
an elongated cylindrical tube sized to fit within said fistula and having forward and rearward ends and an axial bore extending therethrough;
one way valve means adjacent said rearward end of said tube for permitting air to pass outwardly from said bore through said rearward end and for preventing fluid from entering into said bore from said rearward end;
a pair of annular flanges spaced axially from one another on the exterior of said tube, each of said flanges extend-ing around the circumference of said tube and extend-ing radially outwardly therefrom to a circumferential diameter which is greater than the diameter of said esophogeal fistula, the axial distance between said paid of annular flanges being slightly greater than than said axial length of said esophogeal fistula;
at least one of said flanges being sufficiently flexible so as to deform when manually inserted through said fistula and to resume its original configuration once inside said esophagus.
9.
A voice button prosthesis according to claim 8 wherein said valve means comprises at least two flexible lip members normally yieldably joined in sealing realtionship to close off said bore to fluid passage, said lips being yieldably apart in response to the passage of fluid from said forward end of said bore toward said rearward end of said bore, said lip closing in response to fluid attempting to enter said tube through said rearward end from outside said rearward end of said tube.
10.
A voice button prosthesis according to claim 9 wherein said valve means comprises at least four lip members.
11.
A voice button prosthesis according to claim 8 wherein said annular flanges are formed from a flexible material capable of deforming upon being inserted through an opening approximately the same size as said tube.
12.
A voice button prosthesis according to claim 11 wherein said tube, valve means and flanges are made if silicone.
1.
A voice button prosthesis for a patient having his larynx removed, said patient having the upper end of his trachea opening through a stoma to the atmosphere through the forward portion of his neck, the patient's esophagus being located behind said trachea, the walls of said trachea and esophagus being separated by a layer of tissue, a tracheo-esophageal fistula being surgically provided through the rear wall of said trachea to provide commu-nication therebetween, said prosthesis comprising:
an elongated tube having an axial forward end and an axial rearward end, said tube being sized to fit within and extend through said fistula with said rearward end in communication with the interior of said esophagus;
a one way valve means being formed at said rearward end of said tube for permitting air to pass through said tube from said trachea to said esophagus while at the same time preventing passage of fluid from said esophagus into said rearward end of said tube;
an annular esophageal flange extending around the outer radial surface of said tube adjacent said valve means and extending radially outwardly thereform to an outer circumferential edge greater in size than the size of said fistula;
an annular tracheal flange extending radially outwardly from said outer surface of said tube and being spaced axially forwardly from said esophageal flange;
said esophageal flange being sufficiently flexible to by deformed for insertion through said fistula and for resuming its original shape once inside said esophagus so as to form a sealing engagement with the wall of said esophagus around said fistula;
said axial spacing between said tracheal and esophageal flanges being such that said tracheal flange will seal-ingly engage the interior wall of said trachea around said fistula when said esophageal flange is within said esophagus.
2.
A voice button prosthesis according to claim 1 wherein said valve means comprises a flexible nose closing off said rearward end of said tube, said nose having at least one slit therein forming at least two mating flaps which are normally closed against one another and which are yieldably movable apart from one another in response to air pressure from said trachea toward said esophagus.
3.
A voice button prosthesis according to claim 2 wherein at least two intersecting slits are formed in said nose so as to form at least four flaps.
A voice button prosthesis according to claim 1 wherein a thread is operably secured to said tube and is sufficiently long to extend outwardly through said stoma for grasping by the patient.
5.
A method for installing a voice button prosthesis for a patient having his larynx removed and having a tracheo-esophageal fistula communicating between the patient's trachea which is open through a stoma to the atmosphere through -the forward portion of his neck and the patient's esophagus located behind the trachea, said prosthesis com-prising an elongated tube having a forward end and a rear-ward end, a traceal flange and an esophageal flange extend-ing radially outwardly from said tube and being axially spaced from one another, and one way valve means at said rearward end of said tube for permitting air to exit rear-wardly from said tube while at the same time preventing fluid from entering said rearward end of said tube, said method comprising:
inserting said tube through said fistula to a position wherein said esophageal flange and said valve means are within said esophagus and said tracheal flange is within said trachea.
6.
A method according to claim 5 wherein said insertion of said tube is accomplished by placing said tube on one end of an elongated tool, manually inserting said one end of said elongated tool through said toma into said trachea while grasping the other end of said tool outside said trachea, pushing said tube into said fistula with said tool until said valve means and said esophageal flange are within said esophagus, disengaging said tool from said tube and removing said tool from said trachea.
7.
A method according to claim 6 comprising removing said tube from said fistula by grasping threads attached to said tube and extending out through said stoma, said removal being accomplished by manually pulling on said threads to remove said tube from said fistula and outwardly through said stoma.
8.
A voice button prosthesis for a patient having his larynx removed, said patient having the upper end of his trachea opening through a stoma to the atmosphere through the forward portion of his neck, the patient's esophagus being located behind said trachea, a tracheo-esophageal fistula of predetermined diameter and axial length being surgically provided through the walls of said trachea and said esophagus to provide communication therebetween, said prosthesis comprising:
an elongated cylindrical tube sized to fit within said fistula and having forward and rearward ends and an axial bore extending therethrough;
one way valve means adjacent said rearward end of said tube for permitting air to pass outwardly from said bore through said rearward end and for preventing fluid from entering into said bore from said rearward end;
a pair of annular flanges spaced axially from one another on the exterior of said tube, each of said flanges extend-ing around the circumference of said tube and extend-ing radially outwardly therefrom to a circumferential diameter which is greater than the diameter of said esophogeal fistula, the axial distance between said paid of annular flanges being slightly greater than than said axial length of said esophogeal fistula;
at least one of said flanges being sufficiently flexible so as to deform when manually inserted through said fistula and to resume its original configuration once inside said esophagus.
9.
A voice button prosthesis according to claim 8 wherein said valve means comprises at least two flexible lip members normally yieldably joined in sealing realtionship to close off said bore to fluid passage, said lips being yieldably apart in response to the passage of fluid from said forward end of said bore toward said rearward end of said bore, said lip closing in response to fluid attempting to enter said tube through said rearward end from outside said rearward end of said tube.
10.
A voice button prosthesis according to claim 9 wherein said valve means comprises at least four lip members.
11.
A voice button prosthesis according to claim 8 wherein said annular flanges are formed from a flexible material capable of deforming upon being inserted through an opening approximately the same size as said tube.
12.
A voice button prosthesis according to claim 11 wherein said tube, valve means and flanges are made if silicone.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US156,177 | 1980-06-03 | ||
| US06/156,177 US4808183A (en) | 1980-06-03 | 1980-06-03 | Voice button prosthesis and method for installing same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1183654A true CA1183654A (en) | 1985-03-12 |
Family
ID=22558444
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000378905A Expired CA1183654A (en) | 1980-06-03 | 1981-06-03 | Voice button prosthesis and method for installing same |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4808183A (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS5739842A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1183654A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH651196A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3121976A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES502719A0 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2483219B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2077109B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT8148562A0 (en) |
| SE (1) | SE8103454L (en) |
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1980
- 1980-06-03 US US06/156,177 patent/US4808183A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1981
- 1981-05-27 GB GB8116127A patent/GB2077109B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-05-28 IT IT8148562A patent/IT8148562A0/en unknown
- 1981-06-02 SE SE8103454A patent/SE8103454L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1981-06-02 ES ES502719A patent/ES502719A0/en active Granted
- 1981-06-02 FR FR8110876A patent/FR2483219B1/en not_active Expired
- 1981-06-03 DE DE19813121976 patent/DE3121976A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-06-03 CH CH3639/81A patent/CH651196A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-06-03 JP JP56085534A patent/JPS5739842A/en active Pending
- 1981-06-03 CA CA000378905A patent/CA1183654A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES8304793A1 (en) | 1983-03-16 |
| CH651196A5 (en) | 1985-09-13 |
| FR2483219B1 (en) | 1985-01-11 |
| DE3121976A1 (en) | 1982-03-25 |
| IT8148562A0 (en) | 1981-05-28 |
| JPS5739842A (en) | 1982-03-05 |
| GB2077109B (en) | 1984-01-18 |
| FR2483219A1 (en) | 1981-12-04 |
| ES502719A0 (en) | 1983-03-16 |
| US4808183A (en) | 1989-02-28 |
| SE8103454L (en) | 1981-12-04 |
| GB2077109A (en) | 1981-12-16 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| MKEX | Expiry |